【摘要】：環(huán)境與能源問題日益成為制約我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要瓶頸,為了優(yōu)化我國(guó)能源結(jié)構(gòu),改善我國(guó)居民居住環(huán)境,提高國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)收入,我國(guó)開始大力發(fā)展液化天然氣。由于LNG中含有約10%的C2+輕烴,其乙烷、丙烷、丁烷等輕烴原料是生產(chǎn)乙烯的優(yōu)質(zhì)材料;同時(shí),LNG在氣化時(shí)會(huì)釋放出大量的冷能,據(jù)估算每千克LNG的冷量?為830KJ—850KJ,因此,充分高效的利用LNG冷能回收其自身的C2+輕烴,不僅有利于節(jié)約能源,還能夠創(chuàng)造巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。論文主要從以下幾方面進(jìn)行論述:首先,本文詳細(xì)介紹了LNG輕烴回收技術(shù)原理及分類,同時(shí)概述了國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)典LNG輕烴回收流程,針對(duì)山東LNG輕烴裝置的工藝流程、工藝設(shè)備、產(chǎn)品性質(zhì)做了詳細(xì)的敘述。通過對(duì)比分析得到現(xiàn)有流程所存在的問題并提出了解決方案。其次,針對(duì)液化天然氣冷能特性進(jìn)行了較為簡(jiǎn)要的闡述,同時(shí),提出了適用于LNG輕烴回收技術(shù)的評(píng)價(jià)方法,即采用?分析法評(píng)價(jià)冷能利用工藝的能量利用率;采用技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析法評(píng)價(jià)LNG輕烴回收冷能利用工藝的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo),同時(shí)指出啟動(dòng)該工藝裝置的邊界條件。通過上述兩種分析,對(duì)LNG輕烴回收工藝進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。進(jìn)而,針對(duì)LNG氣化過程復(fù)雜性建立了LNG氣液相平衡模型,采用BWRS狀態(tài)方程建立了LNG物性參數(shù)模型,利用Visual Basic 6.0開發(fā)了LNG物性參數(shù)計(jì)算軟件。通過計(jì)算實(shí)例驗(yàn)證本文計(jì)算軟件精度均滿足精度要求,為L(zhǎng)NG輕烴回收技術(shù)的開發(fā)及應(yīng)用提供了利用工具,便于輕烴回收過程分析。最后,針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外LNG輕烴回收流程進(jìn)行較為詳細(xì)的工藝研究及理論分析,通過本文所編制的軟件為工具,以?分析及經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)為手段,計(jì)算得到各個(gè)工藝能量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)及產(chǎn)品濃度指標(biāo),通過對(duì)比分析得到了現(xiàn)有LNG輕烴回收流程存在的問題,針對(duì)此類問題以冷量梯級(jí)利用原則開發(fā)了新型LNG輕烴回收流程,建立了該項(xiàng)工藝的?分析模型及經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)模型,分析了該流程的冷量利用率,乙烷回收率等多處產(chǎn)品指標(biāo)及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)系數(shù)。其系統(tǒng)?效率為87.49%,產(chǎn)品中甲烷摩爾含量為99.01%,C2+輕烴回收率為94.65%,與其它流程相比其年盈利值、產(chǎn)品濃度、回收率、系統(tǒng)能耗及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)系數(shù)均為最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:The problem of environment and energy has become an important bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of China's economy. In order to optimize the energy structure of our country, improve the living environment of our residents and improve the income of the national economy, China has begun to develop liquefied natural gas vigorously. Since the LNG contains about 10% of C2+ light hydrocarbons, the light hydrocarbon materials of ethane, propane and butane are produced. At the same time, LNG will release a lot of cold energy in gasification. It is estimated that the cooling amount of LNG per kilogram is 830KJ 850KJ. Therefore, the full and efficient use of LNG cold energy to recover its own C2+ light hydrocarbon is not only beneficial to energy saving, but also can create great economic benefits. The thesis is mainly discussed in the following aspects: first In this paper, the principle and classification of LNG light hydrocarbon recovery technology are introduced in detail. At the same time, the classic LNG light hydrocarbon recovery process at home and abroad is summarized. The technological process, process equipment and product properties of Shandong light hydrocarbon unit are described in detail. The problems existing in the existing process are obtained by comparison and analysis and the solutions are put forward. Secondly, liquefaction is aimed at liquefaction. The characteristics of natural gas cold energy are briefly expounded. At the same time, the evaluation method for LNG light hydrocarbon recovery technology is put forward, that is, using the analysis method to evaluate the energy utilization rate of the cold energy utilization process, and the economic index of the technical and economic analysis method to evaluate the recovery of the cold energy utilization technology of the LNG light hydrocarbon, and point out the edge of the process to start the process. Boundary conditions. Through the above two analysis, the LNG light hydrocarbon recovery process is evaluated comprehensively. Then, the LNG gas-liquid phase equilibrium model is established for the complexity of LNG gasification process. The LNG physical parameter model is established by using the BWRS state equation, and the calculation software of the physical parameter of LNG is developed with Visual Basic 6. The calculation example is used to verify the calculation of this paper. The precision of the software meets the precision requirements and provides a tool for the development and application of LNG light hydrocarbon recovery technology. It is convenient for the analysis of the process of light hydrocarbon recovery. Finally, the detailed process research and theoretical analysis are carried out for the LNG light hydrocarbon recovery process at home and abroad, and the software as a tool, analysis and economic evaluation as a means, is used as a means. The problems of the existing LNG light hydrocarbon recovery process are obtained by comparison and analysis. The new LNG light hydrocarbon recovery process is developed for this kind of problem, and the analysis model and economic evaluation model of this process are established. The efficiency of the system is 87.49%, the content of methane in the product is 99.01%, the recovery rate of C2+ light hydrocarbon is 94.65%, and the annual profit value of the product, the product concentration, the recovery rate, the system energy consumption and the risk coefficient are all best compared with other processes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE646

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2158426