【摘要】：機(jī)械采油在石油工業(yè)一直占據(jù)重要地位。機(jī)械采油一直采用對(duì)稱循環(huán)式抽油方式即周期式抽油方式,但是一直以來存在抽油系統(tǒng)能耗大、效率低的問題。在研究如何提高抽油泵泵效的過程中,基本都采用改變抽汲參數(shù)、抽油泵結(jié)構(gòu)和抽油泵沉沒壓力等方面,但是這些因素不能從根本上來提高抽油泵的效率。通過改變往復(fù)式抽油泵的抽汲方式可以有效地提高泵效。抽油泵的原始抽汲方式是抽油桿柱周期運(yùn)動(dòng),可以通過地面控制使得抽油機(jī)采用變周期運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,在上下沖程過程中改變抽汲速度,使抽油機(jī)采用不對(duì)稱循環(huán)的抽汲方式。但是這種變周期抽汲方式?jīng)]有一定的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。因此,本文采用流體動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件FLUENT對(duì)不同的抽汲方式對(duì)抽油泵效率的影響進(jìn)行仿真模擬。抽油機(jī)的抽汲方式、抽油桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式對(duì)抽油泵效率均有不同影響。本文采用FLUENT對(duì)抽油泵內(nèi)流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,建立適合泵效研究的數(shù)值分析模型,借助動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)與UDF程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)抽油泵內(nèi)柱塞與閥球的控制。首先,本文對(duì)抽油泵在周期運(yùn)動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,對(duì)不同沖程、沖次等抽汲參數(shù)對(duì)泵效的影響進(jìn)行分析,并在抽油泵常周期運(yùn)動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)上改變抽油泵抽汲方式,采用上下沖程速比為2:1及1.5:1的變周期抽汲方式,模擬分析抽油泵在不同沖程長(zhǎng)度,不同沖程時(shí)間條件下抽油泵泵效的變化。通過改變抽汲方式、運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù),對(duì)抽油泵泵效影響進(jìn)行分析,可以看出抽油泵在井下深度相同、泵內(nèi)流體密度相同、沖程長(zhǎng)度相同條件下,抽油泵變周期運(yùn)動(dòng)的泵效要高于周期運(yùn)動(dòng)。抽油泵在井下深度相同、泵內(nèi)流體密度相同、沖程時(shí)間等條件下,抽油泵變周期運(yùn)動(dòng)的泵效要高于周期運(yùn)動(dòng)。通過以上分析,本文可以為抽油泵變周期運(yùn)動(dòng)在實(shí)際工況中的運(yùn)用提供一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Mechanical oil production has always occupied an important position in petroleum industry. The symmetrical circulating pumping method is always used in mechanical oil production, but the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency exist all the time. In the process of studying how to improve the pump efficiency, it is basically adopted to change the pumping parameters, pump structure and pump sinking pressure, but these factors can not fundamentally improve the efficiency of the pump. The pump efficiency can be improved by changing the swabbing mode of reciprocating pump. The original swabbing mode of the pumping pump is the periodic movement of the sucker rod string. The pumping unit can be controlled by the ground control to change the swabbing speed in the process of up and down stroke and to make the pumping unit adopt the unsymmetrical cycle swabbing mode. However, there is no experimental basis for this variable period swabbing method. Therefore, the fluid dynamics software fluent is used to simulate the effect of different swabbing methods on the pump efficiency. The swabbing mode of pumping unit and the movement form of sucker rod have different effects on pump efficiency. In this paper, fluent is used to simulate the internal flow field of the pump, and a numerical analysis model suitable for pump efficiency research is established. The control of plunger and valve ball in the pump is realized with the help of dynamic grid technology and UDF program. First of all, the paper simulates the periodic motion of the pump, analyzes the influence of different stroke and secondary pumping parameters on the pump efficiency, and changes the swabbing mode of the pumping pump on the basis of the regular periodic movement of the pump. By using the variable period swabbing method with the upper and lower stroke speed ratio of 2:1 and 1.5: 1, the variation of pump efficiency under different stroke length and stroke time is simulated and analyzed. By changing swabbing mode, moving parameters and analyzing the effect of pump efficiency, it can be seen that the pumping pump has the same depth, the same fluid density and the same stroke length. The pump efficiency of varying period motion of oil pump is higher than that of periodic movement. Under the conditions of the same downhole depth, the same fluid density and stroke time, the pump efficiency of the subsurface pump with variable period motion is higher than that of the periodic movement. Through the above analysis, this paper can provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of the variable period motion of the pumping pump in the actual working conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE933.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 葛占玉，魯延豐;抽油泵泵閥運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律研究[J];石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1995年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2130513