發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 03:07

【摘要】：近年來,國(guó)內(nèi)原油新增儲(chǔ)量的70%屬于低滲透油藏,開采方式、油井生產(chǎn)動(dòng)態(tài)表現(xiàn)出特殊性。如何實(shí)現(xiàn)儲(chǔ)量的有效動(dòng)用,大幅提高單井產(chǎn)量是開發(fā)非常規(guī)油氣資源急需解決的問題。本文結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外壓裂滑套使用現(xiàn)狀,分析國(guó)內(nèi)外壓裂滑套的工作原理和施工特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)出一球多簇分段壓裂滑套。該滑套能夠在投入一個(gè)壓裂球的情況下依次打開多個(gè)壓裂滑套,一次施工可以完成多點(diǎn)壓裂操作,大大減少了施工程序,有效降低施工成本。本文主要完成了一球多簇分段壓裂滑套的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)包括分體式球座壓裂滑套和一體式球座壓裂滑套,并詳細(xì)介紹了工具的工作原理,開展了壓裂孔的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和壓裂參數(shù)對(duì)壓裂孔沖蝕影響研究,最后進(jìn)行了工具的強(qiáng)度分析。主要內(nèi)容如下:根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外壓裂工具進(jìn)行調(diào)研,分析不同工具的工作原理以及施工特點(diǎn),在這些基礎(chǔ)之上完成一球多簇分段壓裂滑套的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。包括分體式球座壓裂滑套和一體式球座壓裂滑套,完成各個(gè)零部件的三維建模和裝配體的建模。完成了一球多簇分段壓裂滑套壓裂孔的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。結(jié)合壓裂施工特點(diǎn),基于計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué),分析了顆粒的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡方程以及液固兩相流下的沖蝕失效機(jī)理。利用Fluent軟件建立沖蝕分析的基本模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分與基本參數(shù)設(shè)置,完成了不同壓裂孔個(gè)數(shù)情況下的沖蝕分析,得出最優(yōu)的壓裂孔個(gè)數(shù)為6個(gè)。分析了壓裂參數(shù)對(duì)壓裂孔沖蝕的影響研究。包括支撐劑直徑、壓裂液流量、支撐劑密度和支撐劑濃度對(duì)壓裂孔沖蝕影響研究,分析了不同參數(shù)情況下壓裂孔沖蝕了影響規(guī)律,仿真結(jié)果為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)壓裂參數(shù)的優(yōu)選提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。采用ANSYS對(duì)一球多簇分段壓裂滑套進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度分析。包括一體式球座壓裂滑套和分體式球座壓裂滑套的耐壓強(qiáng)度,分析了應(yīng)力集中出現(xiàn)的位置以及產(chǎn)生的原因,結(jié)果表明工具的整體耐壓70MPa。并對(duì)壓裂球坐封情況下的受力進(jìn)行分析,得到內(nèi)壓70MPa條件下,球與球座的受力情況,結(jié)果表明壓裂球的材料選擇合理,球與球座滿足壓裂施工要求。
[Abstract]:In recent years, 70% of the new reserves of crude oil in China belong to low permeability reservoirs. How to realize the effective production of reserves and increase the production of single well is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of unconventional oil and gas resources. According to the present situation of fracturing sliding sleeve at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the working principle and operation characteristics of fracturing slide sleeve at home and abroad, and designs a ball multi-cluster fracturing slide sleeve. The slider can open multiple fracturing sliders in turn when one fracturing ball is put in one operation. The operation of multi-point fracturing can be completed in one operation and the operation procedure can be greatly reduced and the operation cost can be effectively reduced. In this paper, the structure design of one ball multi-cluster fracturing slide sleeve is completed, including split ball seat fracturing slide sleeve and integrated ball base fracturing slide sleeve, and the working principle of the tool is introduced in detail. The structure optimization design of fracturing hole and the influence of fracturing parameters on the erosion of fracturing hole are studied. Finally, the strength analysis of the tool is carried out. The main contents are as follows: according to the investigation of fracturing tools at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the working principle and operation characteristics of different tools, and completes the structural design of a ball and multi-cluster fracturing sliding sleeve on the basis of these. It includes split ball seat fracturing slide sleeve and integral ball seat fracturing slide sleeve to complete the 3D modeling of each component and assembly. The optimization design of fracturing hole with one ball and multi-cluster fracturing slide casing is completed. Based on the characteristics of fracturing operation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the motion trajectory equation of particles and the erosion failure mechanism of liquid-solid two-phase flow are analyzed. The basic model of erosion analysis was established by fluent software, and the basic parameters were set up. The erosion analysis of different fracturing holes was completed, and the optimal number of fracturing holes was 6. The effect of fracturing parameters on fracturing hole erosion is analyzed. Including the influence of proppant diameter, fracturing fluid flow rate, proppant density and proppant concentration on fracturing hole erosion, the influence law of fracturing pore erosion under different parameters is analyzed. The simulation results provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of field fracturing parameters. The strength of multi-cluster fracturing sliding sleeve is analyzed by ANSYS. Including the pressure strength of the integral ball seat fracturing slide sleeve and the split ball seat fracturing slide sleeve, the position of the stress concentration and the cause of the stress concentration are analyzed. The results show that the integral pressure resistance of the tool is 70 MPA. The stress of the ball and the ball pedestal under the internal pressure of 70 MPA is analyzed. The results show that the material selection of the fracturing ball is reasonable and the ball seat meet the requirements of the fracturing operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE934.2

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