【摘要】：油田注水系統(tǒng)的結(jié)垢,自油田注水開發(fā)以來(lái)一直是困擾油田開發(fā)生產(chǎn)的一個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題�；刈⑽鬯诓沙�、處理到注入的過(guò)程中,由于壓力、溫度、離子組成等條件的改變或與不配伍的水相混合,系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢不可避免。其帶來(lái)的危害也是嚴(yán)重的,輕則造成管線堵塞,設(shè)備報(bào)廢；重則造成地層堵塞,注水井報(bào)廢,給油田帶來(lái)很大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),工程師們都在努力尋找解決的辦法。本文結(jié)合勝坨油田的實(shí)際對(duì)注水系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢原因及影響因素做了系統(tǒng)研究,包括垢的成分、性狀,單垢及復(fù)合垢的成因、主要影響因素及結(jié)垢防垢機(jī)理等；對(duì)勝坨油田物理除垢技術(shù)、化學(xué)除防垢技術(shù)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析研究。油水井結(jié)垢與腐蝕具有相關(guān)性,還與油水井工況密切聯(lián)系,因此油田注水系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的防與除具有相對(duì)復(fù)雜的特點(diǎn)。勝坨油田的注水系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢類型主要是碳酸鈣垢,分布在注水管網(wǎng)的彎管處和管線變徑處、注水井井筒及近井地帶。由于結(jié)垢與腐蝕、污水復(fù)雜組分相關(guān),垢的成分較復(fù)雜,并非是單一的碳酸鈣或硫酸鈣；碳酸鈣結(jié)垢是由于水中成垢離子濃度高或與地層水的配伍性差,是否結(jié)垢還受到溫度、壓力、pH值、溶解氣體、細(xì)菌等多重因素的影響；油田注水系統(tǒng)硫酸鈣結(jié)垢主要是與地層水的不配伍造成的,結(jié)垢趨勢(shì)與溫度、壓力的相關(guān)性較弱。結(jié)垢是影響油田生產(chǎn)的重要因素之一,在系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢之前解決防垢問(wèn)題是有效防垢的最佳選擇,而防治必須以結(jié)垢趨勢(shì)的預(yù)測(cè)為基礎(chǔ)。通過(guò)參考多種結(jié)垢預(yù)測(cè)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,考慮水的組成、溫度、壓力、pH值等因素設(shè)計(jì)了結(jié)垢預(yù)測(cè)軟件,預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果相符；研制了適合勝坨油田的高效復(fù)合防垢劑,形成了適合勝坨油田污水處理及回注系統(tǒng)的防除垢體系,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用后效果顯著。
[Abstract]:Scaling in oilfield water injection system has been an important problem for oilfield development since its development. In the process of recovery, treatment and implantation of wastewater, scaling is inevitable due to the change of pressure, temperature and ion composition, or mixing with uncompatible water. The harm caused by it is also serious, which causes pipeline blockage, equipment scrapping, formation plugging and water injection well scrapping, which brings great economic losses to oil fields. Engineers have long struggled to find a solution. Based on the actual situation of Shengtuo Oilfield, this paper makes a systematic study on the causes and influencing factors of scaling in water injection system, including the composition and characteristics of scale, the causes of single scale and compound scale, the main influencing factors and scaling prevention mechanism, etc. The physical scale removal technology and chemical scale control technology in Shengtuo Oilfield are systematically analyzed and studied. Scaling and corrosion in oil-water wells are closely related to the working conditions of oil-water wells, so scaling prevention and removal of water injection systems in oil fields have relatively complex characteristics. The scaling type of water injection system in Shengtuo Oilfield is mainly calcium carbonate scale, which is distributed in the bend of water injection pipe network and the changing diameter of pipeline, and the wellbore of water injection well and near well zone. Because of scaling and corrosion, the complex components of sewage are related, the composition of scale is more complex, is not a single calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate; calcium carbonate scaling is due to the high concentration of scaling ions in water or poor compatibility with formation water, whether scaling is still subject to temperature, The influence of many factors such as pH value dissolved gas bacteria and so on. The scaling of calcium sulfate in oilfield water injection system is mainly caused by the incompatibility with formation water and the correlation between scaling trend and temperature and pressure is weak. Scaling is one of the important factors affecting oil field production. It is the best choice to solve scale prevention problem before scaling system, and the prevention and cure must be based on the prediction of scaling trend. By referring to various mathematical models of scaling prediction and considering the composition of water, temperature, pressure and pH value, the software is designed. The prediction results are in agreement with the experimental results, and a high efficiency compound scale inhibitor suitable for Shengtuo Oilfield has been developed. A scale control system suitable for wastewater treatment and injection system in Shengtuo Oilfield was formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.6

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本文編號(hào)：2122671