本文選題：泡沫流體 + 流變性��； 參考：《長江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,泡沫流體已廣泛的應(yīng)用于石油工業(yè)中,而且顯示出了非常大的應(yīng)用潛力。本文以泡沫流體在石油工程中的應(yīng)用為背景,對泡沫流體的概念、流變性質(zhì)、流變模型以及摩阻系數(shù)等特性進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,這些都是進(jìn)行泡沫流體水力參數(shù)計算、指導(dǎo)實(shí)際作業(yè)的理論基礎(chǔ)。泡沫流體是一種氣-液分散體系,其密度低,重量小,壓力很��；泡沫流體有一定的粘度,能夠連續(xù)流動,因此可攜帶水、油和砂石。正是由于泡沫流體的這些特點(diǎn),泡沫流體技術(shù)在石油和天然氣開發(fā)工程應(yīng)用中發(fā)展得非常快�？墒顷P(guān)于泡沫流體水力計算的基礎(chǔ)理論研究工作卻相對較少,出現(xiàn)了理論研究嚴(yán)重滯后于工藝發(fā)展的現(xiàn)象。在泡沫流體工藝作業(yè)中,主要都是依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)來控制一些關(guān)鍵性的工藝參數(shù),如注入壓力、流動時密度、粘度、速度等,缺少理論上的支撐。研究泡沫流體的水力計算方法,了解泡沫流體流變性能,通過選擇合適的流變模型從而對壓力等泡沫流體流動參數(shù)等進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的計算分析與預(yù)測,最終能夠指導(dǎo)與規(guī)范泡沫流體工藝現(xiàn)場操作。泡沫流體作為非牛頓氣液兩相流,在井筒流動過程中,由于氣相的可壓縮性,氣相密度會隨著壓力的變化而變化,從而改變了整個泡沫流體的密度,引起流速的變化,反過來影響了壓力的分布。因此,水力計算模型需同時求解連續(xù)性方程和動量方程。另外,由于井筒溫度的變化會影響到泡沫密度及泡沫粘度,那么就需要引入能量方程,最后建立一個封閉的方程組,得到了泡沫流體水力計算的數(shù)學(xué)模型。該模型可以應(yīng)用于泡沫流體工藝應(yīng)用中井口參數(shù)的調(diào)節(jié)與設(shè)計。最后編制了相應(yīng)的泡沫流體水力計算設(shè)計程序軟件,給出了相應(yīng)的算例,并通過計算結(jié)果分析,得到了油管與環(huán)空管中壓力分布情況以及泡沫流體在油管和環(huán)空管中流動時參數(shù)(泡沫流體密度、干度、流量和粘度等)的變化情況。同時,當(dāng)泡沫流體注入井筒中進(jìn)行作業(yè)時,通過選擇了兩種不同的流變模型：賓漢姆模型和冪律模型,對流動參數(shù)變化異同進(jìn)行了對比分析,得出了相應(yīng)的結(jié)論。論文的結(jié)論對于泡沫流體水力計算來說,不僅可以為泡沫流體流變模型的選擇提供理論上的參考依據(jù),而且還對指導(dǎo)泡沫流體現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用有著重要的意義。
[Abstract]:At present, foam fluid has been widely used in the petroleum industry and has shown great potential application. This paper, based on the application of foam fluid in petroleum engineering, systematically studies the concept, rheological properties, rheological model and friction coefficient of foam fluid, all of which are foam fluid water. The foam fluid is a gas liquid dispersion system with low density, small weight, and small pressure; foam fluid has a certain viscosity and can flow continuously, so it can carry water, oil and sand. It is because of these characteristics of foam fluid that foam fluid technology is developed in oil and gas development workers. However, the basic theoretical research on the hydraulic calculation of foam fluid is relatively small, but the theoretical research is seriously lagging behind the process development. In the process of foam fluid process, some key technological parameters are controlled mainly by experience, such as injection pressure, flow time density, viscosity. The hydraulic calculation method of foam fluid is studied, the rheological property of foam fluid is understood, and the flow parameters of foam fluid such as pressure are accurately calculated and predicted by selecting suitable rheology model, and finally can guide and standardize the field operation of foam fluid process. For the non Newtonian gas-liquid two-phase flow, the gas phase density changes with the pressure change during the flow of the wellbore, which changes the density of the whole foam fluid and causes the change of the flow velocity, which in turn affects the distribution of the pressure. Therefore, the hydraulic calculation model needs to solve the continuity equation and the momentum equation at the same time. In addition, because the change of the wellbore temperature will affect the foam density and the foam viscosity, then we need to introduce the energy equation, and finally establish a closed equation group, and get the mathematical model of the hydraulic calculation of foam fluid. This model can be applied to the adjustment and design of the wellhead parameters in the application of foam fluid technology. Finally, the corresponding model is developed. The software of hydraulic calculation design program for foam fluid is used, and the corresponding calculation example is given. Through the analysis of the calculation results, the pressure distribution in the tubing and the annular tube and the change of the foam fluid in the tubing and the annular tube are obtained. By selecting two different rheological models, Bingham model and power law model, the variation and similarities of flow parameters are compared and analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are obtained. The conclusion of this paper can not only provide theoretical reference for the selection of foam fluid rheological model. It also has important significance in guiding the field application of foam fluid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE39

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本文編號：2114461