基于水力瞬變分析的輸油管線漏失檢測(cè)方法研究
本文選題:水力瞬變理論 + MATLAB編程; 參考:《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:近年來(lái),通過(guò)管道進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)距離輸油已經(jīng)逐漸的占據(jù)了油品輸送方式的重要部分,這種運(yùn)輸工具是一種專門由生產(chǎn)地向市場(chǎng)輸送的方式,是整個(gè)運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)中主干線輸送的組成部分。但是隨之產(chǎn)生的管道漏失嚴(yán)重影響著運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀?尤其是長(zhǎng)距離輸油管線的泄露不僅使自然環(huán)境受到了污染,而且浪費(fèi)了寶貴的不可再生資源。在資源逐漸匱乏的未來(lái),解決輸油管道漏失刻不容緩。當(dāng)長(zhǎng)距離輸油管線發(fā)生漏失時(shí),精確的獲知漏失位置和漏失量等參數(shù)值是有效解決問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ),需要尋找一種快捷,精準(zhǔn)的方式得到漏失參數(shù)。論文圍繞長(zhǎng)輸油管線的漏失檢測(cè)進(jìn)行分析,利用等溫輸油管道的實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)有無(wú)漏失情況、不同漏失點(diǎn)、不同漏失量等單一變量工況進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量,針對(duì)得到的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理分析;谒沧兞鞯乃畵衾碚,使用特征線法,利用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行編程,對(duì)長(zhǎng)距離輸油管道的漏失檢測(cè)進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)和數(shù)值計(jì)算的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,得到壓力響應(yīng)的結(jié)果。結(jié)果顯示漏失出現(xiàn)之后,由于物質(zhì)流失而引發(fā)的局部密度減小,導(dǎo)致瞬時(shí)壓降和速度差等現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生,這種壓力呈現(xiàn)的變化在整個(gè)管道中傳播,影響著壓力檢測(cè)點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)了不同于無(wú)漏失的壓力響應(yīng)規(guī)律。漏失的瞬變壓力響應(yīng)幅值低于無(wú)漏失瞬變工況,而且衰減強(qiáng)烈;隨著漏失點(diǎn)位置距離水錘發(fā)生源越近,壓力響應(yīng)的振幅會(huì)越小,衰減較快,故而在檢測(cè)漏失時(shí),外界給予的激勵(lì)應(yīng)當(dāng)選取水擊發(fā)生源距離漏失點(diǎn)較遠(yuǎn)的位置。而壓力檢測(cè)點(diǎn)的不同位置亦檢測(cè)到了不同的壓力響應(yīng),距離水擊發(fā)生源位置越近,壓力響應(yīng)越明顯,振蕩更加清晰,故壓力檢測(cè)點(diǎn)選取振幅較大、衰減較慢的壓力點(diǎn)更加合理,也就是與水擊發(fā)生源距離較近的點(diǎn)作為壓力檢測(cè)點(diǎn)更能夠提高漏失檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和MATLAB編程進(jìn)行數(shù)值計(jì)算,實(shí)現(xiàn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方式,提供了對(duì)于在日后實(shí)際工程中,以軟件為主、硬件為輔的結(jié)合分析方式。利用真實(shí)測(cè)得的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)作為響應(yīng)進(jìn)行整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的尋優(yōu)計(jì)算,利用反問(wèn)題分析的方法對(duì)整個(gè)長(zhǎng)距離輸油管道進(jìn)行漏失系統(tǒng)辨識(shí)。將數(shù)值模擬的計(jì)算結(jié)果和實(shí)驗(yàn)中的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行迭代實(shí)現(xiàn)最優(yōu)化,通過(guò)MATLAB編程得到當(dāng)漏失在管道中發(fā)生,各點(diǎn)的壓力值對(duì)漏失的敏感度分析,敏感度較高的位置點(diǎn)對(duì)于漏失的響應(yīng)更為顯著,這對(duì)于在實(shí)際管路中設(shè)置壓力檢測(cè)點(diǎn)提供了重要的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, long-distance oil transportation through pipelines has gradually occupied an important part of the oil product transportation mode, which is a special mode of transportation from production places to the market. It is an integral part of the main line transportation in the whole transportation network. However, the resulting pipeline leakage seriously affects the transportation cost, especially the leakage of long-distance oil pipelines not only pollutes the natural environment, but also wastes valuable non-renewable resources. In the future of resource scarcity, it is urgent to solve the leakage of oil pipeline. When leakage occurs in long distance pipeline, it is necessary to find a quick and accurate way to get the leakage parameters, which is the basis of solving the problem. In this paper, the leakage detection of long oil pipeline is analyzed, and the single variable conditions, such as leakage, different leakage points and different leakage amount, are measured by using the experiment bench of isothermal oil pipeline. Based on the instantaneous water hammer theory, the characteristic line method and MATLAB software are used to program the leakage detection of long distance oil pipeline. The results of pressure response are obtained by comparing the experimental data with the numerical results. The results show that the local density caused by material loss decreases after the leakage occurs, resulting in the occurrence of instantaneous pressure drop and velocity difference, and the variation of the pressure appears to propagate through the whole pipeline. The pressure response law of pressure detection points is different from that of no leakage. The amplitude of the transient pressure response of the leakage is lower than that of the non-leakage transient condition, and the attenuation is strong. The smaller the amplitude of the pressure response is and the faster the pressure response is when the leakage point is close to the source of the water hammer, so when the leakage is detected, The source of water hammer should be located far from the leakage point. Different pressure responses are also detected at different locations of the pressure detection points. The closer the location of the water hammer source is, the more obvious the pressure response is and the more clear the oscillation is, so the amplitude of the pressure detection point is larger, and the pressure point with slower attenuation is more reasonable. That is, the point close to the water source can improve the accuracy of leak detection. Through the experiment operation and MATLAB programming, the method of combining experiment and numerical simulation is realized, and the method of combining software and hardware is provided. The real measured experimental data are used as the response to the optimization calculation of the whole system, and the leakage system identification of the whole long-distance oil pipeline is carried out by using the inverse problem analysis method. The results of numerical simulation and experimental data are iterated to realize the optimization, and the sensitivity analysis of the pressure values of each point to the leakage is obtained by MATLAB programming when the leakage occurs in the pipeline. The response to leakage is more significant at the point with higher sensitivity, which provides an important reference for setting up pressure detection points in the actual pipeline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:TE973.6
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