本文選題：致密砂巖凝析氣藏 + 啟動(dòng)壓力��； 參考：《北京科技大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：擁有較大資源儲(chǔ)量的致密砂巖凝析氣藏,是非常規(guī)油氣藏的重要組成部分,相關(guān)研究也已經(jīng)受到重視。目前,針對(duì)致密砂巖凝析氣藏研究的文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道還較少,該類氣藏由于存在相態(tài)變化,而且目前對(duì)該儲(chǔ)層中多相滲流機(jī)理的認(rèn)識(shí)還不清楚,成為了該類氣藏高效開發(fā)的瓶頸。針對(duì)以上問題,本文選取吐哈油田兩個(gè)致密砂巖凝析氣藏為研究對(duì)象,擬以實(shí)驗(yàn)為主要手段,結(jié)合理論分析,系統(tǒng)研究影響流體滲流的儲(chǔ)層滲透性傷害、應(yīng)力敏感性、啟動(dòng)壓力特征、多相滲流特征等關(guān)鍵問題,以期揭示儲(chǔ)層中油氣水多相復(fù)雜滲流規(guī)律,為致密砂巖凝析氣田的開發(fā)提供理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。 本文從儲(chǔ)層巖性和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)研究入手,通過滲流實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)一步研究了致密砂巖凝析氣藏流體滲流對(duì)儲(chǔ)層滲透性的影響,從液鎖效應(yīng)、井筒積液傷害和儲(chǔ)層敏感性三方面揭示了儲(chǔ)層滲透性的傷害機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明：儲(chǔ)層為灰色中-巨粗砂巖,孔隙為粒內(nèi)溶蝕孔、剩余粒間孔及微裂縫,喉道極其細(xì)小,液鎖效應(yīng)是由液相吸附作用引起的,液相過早析出和反凝析液污染近井儲(chǔ)層都會(huì)加劇液鎖效應(yīng)。在儲(chǔ)層特性研究基礎(chǔ)上,通過自行設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)流程和方法分別開展了致密凝析氣儲(chǔ)層的啟動(dòng)壓力實(shí)驗(yàn)和氣液滲流特征研究,揭示了啟動(dòng)壓力的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,認(rèn)為吸附邊界層是產(chǎn)生啟動(dòng)壓力的內(nèi)在原因,所設(shè)計(jì)的“非穩(wěn)態(tài)動(dòng)用-壓力平衡法”測定啟動(dòng)壓力,避免了以往方法測試誤差大的缺點(diǎn),模擬真實(shí)氣藏所測得啟動(dòng)壓力具有實(shí)際意義。將穩(wěn)態(tài)法相滲實(shí)驗(yàn)引入到致密凝析氣藏的氣液滲流特征測試中,研究了兩相和三相相滲特征,全面揭示了該類儲(chǔ)層多相滲流規(guī)律。所測得兩相滲流曲線除包含共滲區(qū)外還存在氣和液的單相滲流區(qū),反映了真實(shí)氣藏變相態(tài)滲流全過程,避免了非穩(wěn)態(tài)法只能測得兩相共滲區(qū)的不足。油氣水三相滲流中油相、氣相的相對(duì)滲透率均是油氣水三相飽和度的函數(shù),而水相的僅僅是其自身飽和度的函數(shù)。 在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,還開展了儲(chǔ)層真實(shí)巖心開采動(dòng)態(tài)物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),認(rèn)為所研究氣藏的采收率范圍中等。最后結(jié)合致密砂巖凝析氣儲(chǔ)層的特點(diǎn),建立了致密砂巖凝析氣藏油氣水三相滲流數(shù)學(xué)模型和產(chǎn)能計(jì)算方法。從室內(nèi)物理模擬提升到理論模型和產(chǎn)能的研究,并將產(chǎn)能計(jì)算方法模擬結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步表明了該計(jì)算方法的合理性,并且對(duì)于油田現(xiàn)場具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Dense sandstone condensate gas reservoir with large reserves is an important part of unconventional reservoir. At present, there are few reports on the study of condensate gas reservoirs in dense sandstone. Due to the existence of phase behavior changes and the unclear understanding of the mechanism of multiphase percolation in this reservoir, this kind of gas reservoir has become the bottleneck of the efficient development of this kind of gas reservoir. In view of the above problems, this paper selects two tight sandstone condensate gas reservoirs in Tuha Oilfield as the research object, taking the experiment as the main means, combining with the theoretical analysis, systematically studies the permeability damage and stress sensitivity of the reservoir that affect the fluid percolation. The key problems such as start-up pressure characteristics and multiphase percolation characteristics are discussed in order to reveal the complex percolation law of oil, gas and water in reservoir and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for the development of condensate gas field in tight sandstone. Based on the study of reservoir lithology and microstructure, the effect of fluid seepage on reservoir permeability in tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir is further studied by seepage experiments, and the effect of liquid lock on reservoir permeability is also discussed in this paper. The damage mechanism of reservoir permeability is revealed in three aspects: wellbore fluid damage and reservoir sensitivity. The results show that the reservoir is gray medium to giant coarse sandstone, the pore is inner dissolution pore, the remaining intergranular pore and micro fracture, the throat is extremely small, and the liquid lock effect is caused by liquid phase adsorption. Early precipitation of liquid phase and contamination of near-well reservoir by reverse condensate will aggravate liquid locking effect. Based on the study of reservoir characteristics, the start-up pressure experiments and gas-liquid percolation characteristics of dense condensate gas reservoirs are carried out by designing the experimental flow and method, respectively, and the mechanism of start-up pressure is revealed. It is considered that the adsorption boundary layer is the internal cause of starting pressure. The unsteady-state production-pressure balance method is designed to measure the starting pressure, which avoids the shortcoming of large error in the previous methods. It is of practical significance to simulate the start-up pressure measured by real gas reservoir. The steady-state phase permeability experiment is introduced into the gas-liquid percolation characteristic test of dense condensate gas reservoir. The two-phase and three-phase permeability characteristics are studied, and the multi-phase percolation law of this kind of reservoir is fully revealed. The measured two-phase percolation curve contains gas and liquid single phase percolation zone, which reflects the whole process of real gas reservoir percolation, and avoids the deficiency that the unsteady state method can only measure the two-phase percolation zone. The relative permeability of the oil phase and the gas phase is the function of the three phase saturation of oil, gas and water, while the water phase is only the function of its own saturation. On the basis of the above research, the dynamic physical simulation experiment of reservoir real core production is carried out, and it is considered that the range of recovery factor of the studied gas reservoir is middle. Finally, combined with the characteristics of tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir, the mathematical model and productivity calculation method of oil-gas-water three-phase percolation in tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir are established. From indoor physical simulation to theoretical model and productivity research, the simulation results of productivity calculation method and field production are compared, which further shows that the calculation method is reasonable and has certain guiding significance for oilfield field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE312

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本文編號(hào)：2065397