本文選題：集輸系統(tǒng) + 采出液��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：開采煤層氣是通過抽排井底的煤層水,降低煤層壓力,使吸附在煤層的天然氣被釋放出來的一個過程。從采出液外輸至水處理合格至排放到自然環(huán)境的過程中,集輸管線、水處理設(shè)備等普遍存在結(jié)垢現(xiàn)象。結(jié)垢導(dǎo)致管道流通截面減小,流體輸送效率下降,嚴(yán)重的還可能導(dǎo)致管線被堵死,設(shè)備不能正常運行等,嚴(yán)重影響到油氣的正常生產(chǎn)。到目前為止,油田集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的問題已經(jīng)有了很多相關(guān)的研究,但是,針對煤層氣井集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的相關(guān)研究還很少。從煤層氣井開采開始,就要抽排承壓水,且伴有一定量的煤粉生產(chǎn),結(jié)垢特點與常規(guī)天然氣井有一定的不同。中石油煤層氣公司煤層氣井集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢嚴(yán)重,本文以忻州區(qū)塊為依托,分析煤層氣井集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢機理及影響因素,在對區(qū)塊水質(zhì),垢樣大量檢測的基礎(chǔ)上,研制了一種新型清潔防垢劑,解決了集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的問題。具體開展了以下幾個方面的工作:(1)通過對中石油煤層氣忻州區(qū)塊的地質(zhì)情況、水處理工藝流程等因素進行分析,找出可能造成結(jié)垢的潛在因素,對結(jié)垢現(xiàn)狀、結(jié)垢分布規(guī)律等進行一個系統(tǒng)的梳理,為后面研制清潔防垢劑打下基礎(chǔ)。(2)按照《油氣田水分析方法》規(guī)定,對156 口井進行了水質(zhì)測試,以忻州區(qū)塊的水處理站為研究對象,對每一個水處理站及其來水分類對比,證明了該區(qū)塊的采出液中成垢因子主要是Ca2+、Mg2+、Sr2+、Ba2+、C032、HCO3-和SO42-,分析出可能結(jié)垢的類型為碳酸鈣,碳酸鍶、碳酸鋇等,且主要垢為碳酸鈣垢。(3)對當(dāng)前集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢情況進行一個系統(tǒng)調(diào)研,選擇了具有代表性的管線取垢樣,采用通過化學(xué)滴定法、X射線衍射光譜法等檢測手段檢測了忻州區(qū)塊垢的類型。(4)選取了 13種對環(huán)境影響小的防垢劑進行單劑防垢率實驗評價,結(jié)合協(xié)同增效理論最后確定了用PBTCA、HPAA與PESA、MA/AA進行復(fù)配,通過評價復(fù)配防垢劑的防垢性能,得到兩個效果極好的清潔防垢劑配方。(5)對兩個清潔防垢劑進行綜合評價,最終確定了一個在各種影響因素下防垢性能仍極好的配方,并在配方中增加了特制的煤粉懸浮劑,研制出一種針對煤層氣井集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的新型清潔防垢劑。(6)選擇合適的加藥設(shè)備,改造了水處理工藝流程,制定現(xiàn)場試驗方案。根據(jù)實驗方案選取了1號水處理站現(xiàn)場實驗,經(jīng)試驗,我們研制的新型清潔防垢劑取得了非常好的應(yīng)用效果,解決了煤層氣井集輸系統(tǒng)的結(jié)垢問題。且經(jīng)過水質(zhì)排放指標(biāo)檢測,也證實了新型清潔防垢劑的環(huán)保性。
[Abstract]:Coal bed methane (CBM) mining is a process by which the coal bed pressure is reduced and the natural gas adsorbed in the coal bed is released by pumping the water from the bottom of the well. Scaling is common in gathering pipelines and water treatment equipments during the process of transferring the fluid out of the production to the qualified water treatment to discharging to the natural environment. Fouling results in a decrease in the flow section of the pipeline, a decrease in the efficiency of fluid transportation, a serious possibility of pipeline plugging, and the failure of the equipment to operate normally, which seriously affects the normal production of oil and gas. Up to now, there have been many related researches on scaling in oil field gathering and transportation system, but there are few researches on scaling in coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system. Starting from the exploitation of coalbed methane wells, it is necessary to draw and drain confined water, accompanied by a certain amount of pulverized coal production, and the scaling characteristics are different from those of conventional natural gas wells. The scaling of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system in CNPC is serious. Based on Xinzhou block, the scaling mechanism and influencing factors of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system are analyzed in this paper. On the basis of a large number of water quality and scale samples in the block, the paper analyzes the scaling mechanism of coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system. A new cleaning and scale inhibitor was developed to solve the scaling problem of gathering and transportation system. Through the analysis of geological conditions, water treatment process and other factors in Xinzhou block of CNPC, the potential factors that may cause scaling are found out, and the current situation of scaling is analyzed. The scaling distribution law was systematically combed in order to lay the foundation for the development of a clean scale inhibitor. In accordance with the "Oil and Gas Field Water Analysis method", 156 wells were tested for water quality. The water treatment station in Xinzhou block was taken as the research object. For each water treatment station and its water, it is proved that the major scaling factors in the produced liquid of this block are Ca 2 + mg 2 O 2 Sr 2 + Ba 2 C 032H CO 3- and so 4 2, and the possible scaling types are calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, etc. And the main scale is calcium carbonate scale. 3) A systematic investigation is carried out on the scaling situation of the current gathering and transportation system, and the representative pipeline scale sample is selected. The type of scale in Xinzhou block was detected by means of chemical titration and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Thirteen kinds of anti-scaling agents with little environmental impact were selected to evaluate the scale inhibition rate of single agent. Combined with the synergetic theory, the combination of PBTCAA HPAA and PESAA / MA / AA was finally determined. By evaluating the anti-scaling performance of the compound scale inhibitor, two excellent cleaning and scale inhibitor formulations were obtained, and the two cleaning and scale inhibitors were evaluated synthetically. Finally, a formula with excellent anti-scaling performance under various influence factors was determined, and a specially made pulverized coal suspension was added to the formula, A new type of clean scale inhibitor for coalbed gas well gathering and transportation system was developed. Appropriate dosing equipment was selected, water treatment process was reformed, and field test scheme was established. According to the experimental scheme, the field experiment of No. 1 water treatment station is carried out. Through the experiment, the new cleaning and scale inhibitor developed by us has achieved a very good application effect, and solved the problem of scaling in the gathering and transportation system of coalbed gas well. The environmental protection of the new cleaning and scale inhibitor is also confirmed by the test of water quality discharge index.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE863

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