本文選題：古城區(qū)塊 + 地質(zhì)特征��； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤層氣是與煤炭伴生的一種清潔能源氣體,以甲烷為主要成分賦存在煤層中,其中90%左右是吸附于煤基質(zhì)孔隙裂隙表面,10%左右游離于孔隙裂隙之間。我國(guó)煤層氣資源儲(chǔ)量約為36.8萬億立方米,位居世界第三位,與天然氣的儲(chǔ)量相當(dāng)。煤層氣作為一種新興的非常重要的非常規(guī)天然氣,越來越受到重視。然而華北油田煤層氣公司在沁水盆地的煤層氣開發(fā)效果并不理想,壓裂施工效果有好有壞。因此就需要在煤巖破裂力學(xué)機(jī)制、適應(yīng)性的壓裂施工工藝參數(shù)以及縫網(wǎng)發(fā)展控制因素等方面進(jìn)行更深入的研究。本文以沁水盆地古城區(qū)塊的煤層氣水力壓裂改造工程為背景,在收集區(qū)塊基礎(chǔ)資料、開展煤巖結(jié)構(gòu)及力學(xué)特性實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合煤巖結(jié)構(gòu)及力學(xué)特性分析、三軸水力壓裂物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)等手段,研究分析古城區(qū)塊煤層氣產(chǎn)層力學(xué)特性,原始地應(yīng)力,煤巖壓裂裂縫擴(kuò)展規(guī)律及裂縫起裂擴(kuò)展主要影響因素。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,煤巖天然裂縫和割理發(fā)育,直接影響水力壓裂裂縫起裂方向及裂縫形態(tài),并大大減弱地應(yīng)力對(duì)壓裂裂縫的影響效果;射孔溝通了射孔眼之間的孔隙、裂隙,孔眼附近應(yīng)力場(chǎng)發(fā)生改變,壓裂裂縫優(yōu)先選擇天然裂縫和割理面方向起裂,并相互溝通;地應(yīng)力對(duì)煤巖壓裂裂縫的影響效果更復(fù)雜,大大區(qū)別于常規(guī)儲(chǔ)層,根據(jù)常規(guī)儲(chǔ)層所建立模型得出的地應(yīng)力影響規(guī)律不能適應(yīng)于煤儲(chǔ)層。最后,在物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工情況,對(duì)古城區(qū)塊煤層壓裂裂縫起裂擴(kuò)展主控因素進(jìn)行了總結(jié)分析,研究結(jié)果為古城區(qū)塊水力壓裂施工參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的基礎(chǔ)理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Coal bed methane (CBM) is a kind of clean energy gas associated with coal. Methane is the main component in coal bed, 90% of which is adsorbed on the surface of pore fissure of coal matrix, about 10% of which is free between pores and fissures. The reserves of coalbed methane in China are about 36.8 trillion cubic meters, ranking third in the world and equivalent to the reserves of natural gas. As a new and very important unconventional natural gas, coalbed methane (CBM) has been paid more and more attention. However, the coalbed methane development effect of Huabei Oilfield Coalbed methane Company in Qinshui Basin is not ideal, and the fracturing effect is good and bad. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the fracture mechanics mechanism of coal and rock, the parameters of adaptive fracturing process and the controlling factors of fracture network development. Based on the hydraulic fracturing engineering of coalbed methane in the ancient urban block of Qinshui Basin, this paper, on the basis of collecting the basic data of the block and carrying out the experimental study on the structure and mechanical properties of coal and rock, synthesizes the analysis of the structure and mechanical properties of coal and rock. By means of physical simulation experiment of triaxial hydraulic fracturing, the mechanical characteristics, original ground stress, fracture propagation law of coal and rock fracturing and the main factors affecting fracture initiation in Gucheng block are studied and analyzed. The experiment shows that the natural fracture and cleat development of coal and rock directly affect the fracture initiation direction and fracture morphology of hydraulic fracturing fracture, and greatly weaken the effect of in-situ stress on fracturing fracture. The stress field in the vicinity of the pore is changed, the fracturing fracture preferentially chooses the natural fracture and the fracture plane to start the fracture, and communicates with each other, the effect of in-situ stress on the fracture of coal and rock fracturing is more complicated, and it is greatly different from the conventional reservoir. According to the model established by conventional reservoir, the law of ground stress influence can not be adapted to coal reservoir. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the results of the physical simulation experiments and combined with the field operation, the main control factors of fracture initiation and expansion of coal seam in Gucheng block are summarized and analyzed. The results provide some basic theoretical basis for the optimization design of hydraulic fracturing operation parameters in Gucheng block.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE377

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本文編號(hào)：2016684