本文選題：壓裂監(jiān)測(cè) + 測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：測(cè)斜儀裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)是一種新興的壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù),具有環(huán)保、安全、監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果科學(xué)準(zhǔn)確、維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單等特點(diǎn),是國(guó)際公認(rèn)的最直接、最有效的儲(chǔ)層壓裂監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)。隨著儀器性能的改進(jìn)和數(shù)據(jù)處理解釋技術(shù)的發(fā)展,地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)憑借對(duì)裂縫方位角、傾角的高敏感度、無需占用井資源、無傷害井筒危險(xiǎn)、不需要與裂縫中心深度相當(dāng)?shù)挠^測(cè)井等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)領(lǐng)域中大受歡迎,具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。然而,由于安裝在地面的測(cè)斜儀接收到的地面變形信號(hào)微弱且易受到周圍環(huán)境的影響,地面測(cè)斜儀監(jiān)測(cè)裂縫參數(shù)的精度往往受到信號(hào)信噪比低的影響。研究表明,測(cè)斜儀監(jiān)測(cè)壓裂裂縫參數(shù)的精度取決于信號(hào)信噪比和使用測(cè)斜儀的個(gè)數(shù),而測(cè)斜儀精度極高,價(jià)格昂貴,使得裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)成本高昂。在給定監(jiān)測(cè)目標(biāo)區(qū)域的情況下,如何在確保裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)精度的前提下,降低成本,對(duì)于促進(jìn)地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用意義重大。因此,本文在充分調(diào)研國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)和測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種適用于XX區(qū)塊地質(zhì)資料的地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)的測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化方法,并取得了如下研究成果:1、本文提出了一套利用地面測(cè)斜儀實(shí)現(xiàn)壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)的觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化方法,并利用XX區(qū)塊的地質(zhì)資料對(duì)提出的優(yōu)化方法進(jìn)行仿真分析,驗(yàn)證了該方法的可靠性;本文提出的方法對(duì)于低成本開發(fā)下推動(dòng)地面測(cè)斜儀進(jìn)行壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用具備重要的工程價(jià)值;2、針對(duì)測(cè)斜儀監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)理論、測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)方法,以及壓裂裂縫正演模型展開系統(tǒng)研究,提出了適用于本文研究背景的裂縫正演模型;3、基于提出的裂縫正演模型正演地面變形場(chǎng),分析總結(jié)歸納了影響地面變形場(chǎng)的因素,提出了一套基于地面測(cè)斜儀監(jiān)測(cè)壓裂裂縫的裂縫參數(shù)反演方案;4、基于測(cè)斜儀工作原理的特點(diǎn)構(gòu)建了裂縫參數(shù)反演目標(biāo)函數(shù),并采用了遺傳算法完成了裂縫參數(shù)的反演,結(jié)合測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的優(yōu)化目標(biāo),提出了基于遺傳算法的測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)求解方法,完成了最優(yōu)測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的求取;5、從優(yōu)化結(jié)果的裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)誤差方面考慮,對(duì)最優(yōu)測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的裂縫參數(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)精度進(jìn)行了 Monte Carlo誤差分析,驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化結(jié)果的可靠性,形成了一套地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)的地面測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化方法。本文提出的地面測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化方法能夠優(yōu)化測(cè)斜儀觀測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)在確保裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)精度的前提下,降低成本,對(duì)于促進(jìn)地面測(cè)斜儀壓裂裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用意義重大。
[Abstract]:The fracture monitoring technology of inclinometer is a new fracture monitoring technology, which has the characteristics of environmental protection, safety, scientific and accurate monitoring results and simple maintenance. It is recognized as the most direct and effective reservoir fracturing monitoring technology in the world. With the improvement of instrument performance and the development of data processing and interpretation technology, the fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer depends on the high sensitivity of fracture azimuth and inclination angle, so it does not need to occupy well resources and has no harm to wellbore danger. There is no need for observation wells which are comparable to the depth of fracture center, so they are very popular in the field of fracture monitoring and have a broad prospect of development. However, because the ground deformation signal received by the slope meter installed on the ground is weak and easily affected by the surrounding environment, the accuracy of the ground slope meter in monitoring crack parameters is often affected by the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal. The results show that the accuracy of the inclinometer in monitoring fracture parameters depends on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of signals and the number of inclinometers used, while the inclinometer has high accuracy and high price, which makes the cost of fracture monitoring high. Given the target area, how to reduce the cost on the premise of ensuring the precision of fracture monitoring is of great significance to promote the industrial application of fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer. Therefore, on the basis of investigating the existing fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer at home and abroad and the optimization method of observation network of inclinometer, In this paper, a method of optimizing the observation network of slope meter applied to geological data of XX block is put forward, which is suitable for fracture monitoring of surface inclinometer. And the following research results are obtained: 1. In this paper, a set of optimization method of observation network for fracture monitoring by using surface inclinometer is put forward, and the optimization method is simulated and analyzed by using geological data of XX block. The method proposed in this paper has important engineering value for promoting the industrial application of fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer under low cost development. In this paper, a fracture forward model, which is suitable for the research background of this paper, is put forward, which is based on the fracture forward model presented in this paper, and the ground deformation field is forward based on the proposed fracture forward model, which is based on the systematic study of the fracture monitoring method and the forward modeling of the fracture in this paper. This paper analyzes and sums up the factors that affect the ground deformation field, puts forward a set of inversion scheme of fracture parameters based on the surface inclinometer to monitor fracturing fracture, and constructs the objective function of fracture parameter inversion based on the characteristics of the working principle of the inclinometer. The inversion of crack parameters is accomplished by using genetic algorithm. Combining with the optimization goal of the observation network of inclinometer, the method of calculating the observation network of inclinometer based on genetic algorithm is proposed. In this paper, the calculation of the observation network of the optimal inclinometer is completed. Considering the crack monitoring error of the optimized result, the Monte Carlo error analysis of the crack parameter monitoring accuracy of the optimal inclinometer observation network is carried out, and the reliability of the optimized result is verified. A set of surface inclinometer observation network optimization method for fracture monitoring of surface inclinometer is developed. The method proposed in this paper can optimize the observation network of the inclinometer and reduce the cost under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of crack monitoring. It is of great significance to promote the industrial application of fracturing fracture monitoring technology of surface inclinometer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE937

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