本文選題：風化殼巖溶 + 發(fā)育特征　； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：輪古7井區(qū)奧陶系地層經(jīng)歷了多期構(gòu)造運動和長時間的持續(xù)暴露,風化殼巖溶作用十分發(fā)育,工區(qū)勘探現(xiàn)狀也表明,高產(chǎn)油氣井與古巖溶作用息息相關(guān)。本文利用巖心、成像測井、常規(guī)測井、鉆錄井和地震等資料,綜合古巖溶學、測井地質(zhì)學、巖溶地貌學和巖溶水動力學等學科,對研究區(qū)風化殼巖溶進行識別,總結(jié)其在巖心、常規(guī)測井、鉆井、電成像測井和地震等方面的特征,建立風化殼巖溶標志,劃分巖溶帶,分析各帶特征；結(jié)合地震研究成果,恢復研究區(qū)前石炭系古地貌并劃分地貌單元,分析不同古地貌單元下的巖溶發(fā)育特征；從巖性、古氣候、構(gòu)造斷裂、古地貌及古水動力條件等方面,分析巖溶發(fā)育的控制因素,預測有利巖溶發(fā)育區(qū)。論文主要取得以下幾點認識： (1)根據(jù)從巖心、電成像測井、常規(guī)測井、鉆井和地震上所總結(jié)的特征,引入巖溶相的定義,將研究區(qū)巖溶縫洞體主要劃分為洞穴相、孔洞相和裂縫相,按照其充填特征,劃分出未充填、半充填和全充填縫洞亞相,再根據(jù)其充填物性質(zhì),劃分出泥質(zhì)、角礫、方解石充填等微相,并建立起電成像測井巖溶相圖版。 (2)將研究區(qū)單井在垂向上劃分為表層巖溶帶、垂向滲濾帶和水平潛流帶,表層巖溶帶物性良好局部鉆遇落水洞,可見高角度未充填縫和破碎裂縫帶,溶蝕孔洞多被垮塌角礫、風化殘積物和后期化學物質(zhì)充填。垂向滲濾帶物性較差,可見高角度裂縫,見擴溶現(xiàn)象,但往往充填程度較高；水平潛流帶物性條件良好,有利縫洞體大量發(fā)育,該帶中上部往往發(fā)育大型溶蝕洞穴,且溶蝕洞穴上方可見洞頂縫,水平狀裂縫和水平狀溶蝕孔洞發(fā)育,充填物多為泥質(zhì)和角礫,可見粉砂質(zhì)泥巖。 (3)結(jié)合地震數(shù)據(jù),恢復研究區(qū)古地貌,將研究區(qū)地貌環(huán)境劃分為峰叢洼地、溶丘洼地和峰叢壟脊溝谷三個三級古地貌單元,之后對不同微地貌單元下的單井發(fā)育特征進行精細描述。不同地貌單元的巖溶帶特征具有一定差異性,表層巖溶帶受微地貌控制,地貌越高垂向滲濾帶越厚。根據(jù)巖溶縫洞發(fā)育特征和充填程度,分古地貌單元和巖溶帶對縫洞體類型、巖心及成像測井數(shù)據(jù)、有效縫洞分布和充填特征進行統(tǒng)計分析,縫洞系統(tǒng)發(fā)育以表層巖溶帶為最優(yōu),次為水平潛流帶,垂向滲濾帶最差,地貌單元以溶丘洼地最優(yōu),次為峰叢壟脊溝谷,峰叢洼地最差。 (4)從巖性、古氣候、構(gòu)造斷裂和古地貌及水動力條件四個方面分析巖溶縫洞發(fā)育的主控因素,最后總結(jié)出出風化殼巖溶縫洞的發(fā)育模式,結(jié)合地震數(shù)據(jù),在平面上預測出受古地貌、斷裂和古河流所控制的巖溶縫洞有利發(fā)育區(qū)。
[Abstract]:Ordovician strata in Lungu 7 well area have experienced multiple periods of tectonic movement and sustained exposure for a long time, and the karstification of weathered crust is very developed. The present exploration situation in the working area also shows that the high-yielding oil and gas wells are closely related to paleokarst process. In this paper, the core, imaging logging, conventional logging, drilling logging and seismic data are used to identify the weathered crust karst in the study area and sum up the karst in the core, combining the paleokarst, logging geology, karst geomorphology and karst hydrodynamics, etc. The characteristics of conventional logging, drilling, electrical imaging logging and seismicity, the establishment of weathering crust karst marks, the division of karst zones, the analysis of the characteristics of each zone, the restoration of the paleogeomorphology of the former Carboniferous system and the division of geomorphological units in the study area, combined with the results of seismic research, The characteristics of karst development under different paleogeomorphic units are analyzed, and the controlling factors of karst development are analyzed from lithology, paleoclimate, tectonic faults, paleogeomorphology and paleo-hydrodynamic conditions, and favorable karst development areas are predicted. The thesis mainly obtains the following understanding: 1) according to the characteristics summarized from core, electrical imaging logging, conventional logging, drilling and seismic, and introducing the definition of karst facies, the karst fracture cavity body in the study area is mainly divided into cave facies, pore facies and fracture facies, and according to its filling characteristics, The subfacies of unfilled, semi-filled and full filled fractures and cavities are divided into microfacies, such as muddy, breccia and calcite filling, according to their filling properties, and the Karst phase diagram of electric imaging logging is established. (2) the single well in the study area is divided vertically into surface karst zone, vertical percolation zone and horizontal subsurface flow zone. The good physical properties of the surface karst zone are partly drilled into a falling water tunnel. It can be seen that the high angle unfilled fracture and broken fracture zone, and the dissolution holes are often collapsed boulders. Weathering residue and late chemical filling. The vertical percolation zone is characterized by poor physical properties, high angle fractures and dilatation phenomena, but it is often filled with high degree, and the horizontal subsurface flow zone has good physical properties and a large number of favorable fractures and caverns, and large corrosion caves are often developed in the middle and upper part of the zone. At the top of the cave, horizontal fractures and horizontal dissolution holes are developed. The filling materials are mostly muddy and breccia, and silty mudstone can be seen. In combination with seismic data, the paleogeomorphology of the study area is restored, and the geomorphological environment of the study area is divided into three paleogeomorphic units, namely, peak cluster depression, peak ridge valley, and peak ridge valley. After that, the development characteristics of single well under different microgeomorphological units are described in detail. The characteristics of karst zones in different geomorphological units are different, the surface karst zones are controlled by microgeomorphology, and the higher the geomorphology is, the thicker the vertical percolation zone is. According to the development characteristics and filling degree of karst fractures and cavities, according to paleogeomorphic units and karst zones, the types of fractures and cavities, core and imaging logging data, effective distribution of fractures and caverns and filling characteristics are statistically analyzed. The surface karst zone is the best system for the development of fractures and cavities. The horizontal subsurface flow zone is the second, the vertical percolation zone is the worst, the geomorphologic unit is the best in the mound depression, the second is the ridge and valley in the peak plexus ridge, and the worst in the peak cluster depression. 4) the main controlling factors of karst fracture and cave development are analyzed from four aspects: lithology, paleoclimate, tectonic fault, paleogeomorphology and hydrodynamic condition. Finally, the development pattern of karst crack and cave in weathered crust is summarized and combined with seismic data. The favorable areas of karst fracture and cavities controlled by paleogeomorphology, faults and ancient rivers are predicted on the plane.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.25;P618.13

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本文編號：1989432