本文選題：絞車升沉補(bǔ)償 + 半主動(dòng)式　； 參考：《中國石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：深海鉆井平臺(tái)一般為浮式或半潛式平臺(tái),受海浪的影響平臺(tái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生周期性的升沉運(yùn)動(dòng),這種運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)帶動(dòng)大鉤及鉆柱一起運(yùn)動(dòng),造成井底鉆壓變化,對(duì)鉆井造成極為不利的影響,因此需要在浮式或半潛式鉆井平臺(tái)上安裝升沉補(bǔ)償裝置。絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)是近年來提出的一種新型補(bǔ)償技術(shù),相比于傳統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng),絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)具有不需要安裝專門的補(bǔ)償裝置、占用平臺(tái)空間小、補(bǔ)償行程不受補(bǔ)償液壓缸行程的限制、響應(yīng)快速、節(jié)約鉆井成本等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此本文中就絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究,提出一種補(bǔ)償效率高、能耗低的半主動(dòng)補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)。自動(dòng)送鉆是海洋鉆井的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一,對(duì)鉆井質(zhì)量起到?jīng)Q定性作用,因此在升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)自動(dòng)送鉆進(jìn)行研究。在分析了主動(dòng)式絞車補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的工作原理的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種半主動(dòng)補(bǔ)償方案。增設(shè)具有能量回收功能的液壓控制模塊,對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)元件進(jìn)行計(jì)算選型,完成液壓回路的設(shè)計(jì)。對(duì)絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行理論分析。建立了絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的虛擬樣機(jī)模型。利用ADAMS建立絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的機(jī)械模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink建立絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的主動(dòng)補(bǔ)償電機(jī)、液壓系統(tǒng)模型。分別對(duì)被動(dòng)式、主動(dòng)式、半主動(dòng)式絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析。對(duì)比了三種補(bǔ)償形式的補(bǔ)償效果。分析對(duì)比了不同井深下主動(dòng)補(bǔ)償、半主動(dòng)補(bǔ)償?shù)碾姍C(jī)功率、系統(tǒng)能耗。針對(duì)工作氣瓶壓力和體積、升沉幅值等參數(shù)對(duì)半主動(dòng)絞車升沉補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真研究,總結(jié)出不同參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)補(bǔ)償效果、電機(jī)功率及能耗的影響。對(duì)基于差動(dòng)行星傳動(dòng)硬件運(yùn)動(dòng)解耦的半主動(dòng)絞車升沉補(bǔ)償方案進(jìn)行了仿真研究,并提出了基于雙絞車驅(qū)動(dòng)硬件解耦、基于升沉擾動(dòng)前饋與恒鉆壓自動(dòng)送鉆復(fù)合控制軟件解耦兩種升沉補(bǔ)償運(yùn)動(dòng)與自動(dòng)送鉆運(yùn)動(dòng)解耦控制新方案,建立解耦控制方案的虛擬樣機(jī)模型,分析對(duì)比三種解耦控制方案的仿真結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Deep-sea drilling platforms are usually floating or semi-submersible platforms, and the platforms affected by the waves will produce periodic heave movements. This kind of sports will lead to the movement of large hooks and drill strings together, resulting in the change of bottom hole drilling pressure, which will cause extremely adverse effects on drilling. Therefore, it is necessary to install heave compensators on floating or semi-submersible drilling platforms. The winch heave compensation system is a new compensation technology proposed in recent years. Compared with the traditional compensation system, the winch heave compensation system does not need to install a special compensation device, which occupies less space of the platform. The compensation stroke is not limited by the compensated hydraulic cylinder stroke, the response is fast and the drilling cost is saved. In this paper, the winch heave compensation system is studied, and a semi-active compensation system with high compensation efficiency and low energy consumption is proposed. Automatic drilling is one of the key technologies in offshore drilling, which plays a decisive role in drilling quality. Therefore, automatic drilling is studied on the basis of heave compensation system. Based on the analysis of the principle of active winch compensation system, a semi-active compensation scheme is proposed. The hydraulic control module with energy recovery function is added, the hydraulic system components are calculated and selected, and the hydraulic circuit is designed. The heave compensation system of winch is analyzed theoretically. A virtual prototype model of winch heave compensation system is established. The mechanical model of winch heave compensation system is established by ADAMS and the active compensation motor and hydraulic system model of winch heave compensation system is established by MATLAB/Simulink. The passive, active and semi-active winch heave compensation systems are analyzed respectively. The compensation effects of three kinds of compensation forms are compared. The motor power and system energy consumption of active compensation and semi-active compensation under different well depths are analyzed and compared. Based on the parameters of working cylinder pressure, volume, heave amplitude and so on, the simulation study of semi-active winch heave compensation system is carried out, and the effects of different parameters on system compensation effect, motor power and energy consumption are summarized. The scheme of semi-active winch heave compensation based on the decoupling of hardware motion of differential planetary transmission is simulated, and the decoupling of hardware based on double winch drive is proposed. A virtual prototype model of decoupling control scheme is established based on decoupling two new control schemes of heave compensation motion and automatic drilling feed motion decoupling based on heave disturbance feedforward control software and constant drilling pressure automatic drilling control software. The simulation results of three decoupling control schemes are analyzed and compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE951

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本文編號(hào)：1974855