本文選題：鋁礬土 + 煤系高嶺土�。� 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于社會(huì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境的壓力,清潔能源在我國(guó)能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的占比將逐步增大,常規(guī)性的天然氣資源以及煤層氣、頁(yè)巖氣等非常規(guī)性天然氣資源將會(huì)成為未來的重要能源。這些能源的高效開采是目前亟須解決的一個(gè)問題。水力壓裂技術(shù)作為石油開采過程中有效的增產(chǎn)和延長(zhǎng)油井服役期的技術(shù),在常規(guī)和非常規(guī)天然氣的開采中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。由于地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性和環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求,超低密高強(qiáng)壓裂支撐劑成為頁(yè)巖氣和煤層氣等非常規(guī)天然氣資源開采迫切需要開發(fā)的關(guān)鍵材料。本文以鋁礬土和煤系高嶺土為主要原料,分別輔以鉀長(zhǎng)石和工業(yè)氧化鋁,并以白云石和V_2O_5作為添加劑,采用無壓燒結(jié)技術(shù)制備了超低密高強(qiáng)度的壓裂支撐劑。系統(tǒng)研究了燒成制度及添加劑對(duì)壓裂支撐劑性能的影響,并采用XRD和SEM方法,分析了樣品的物相組成和微觀形貌。此外,借鑒多孔陶瓷的制備方法,探索了超低密壓裂支撐劑的制備。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)原料中加入熔劑礦物鉀長(zhǎng)石后,所制備的壓裂支撐劑的體積密度和視密度分別為1.30g/cm3和2.61 g/cm3,比未添加鉀長(zhǎng)石時(shí)降低了31.54%和8.77%。(2)燒結(jié)助劑白云石的加入一方面降低了燒成溫度,另一方面在燒結(jié)過程中形成液相,促進(jìn)了莫來石晶體的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,提高了壓裂支撐劑的強(qiáng)度。當(dāng)白云石添加量為2wt%,且燒結(jié)溫度為1330℃時(shí),所制備的壓裂支撐劑性能最好,52MPa閉合壓力下的破碎率為4.51%。(3)以鋁礬土、鉀長(zhǎng)石和白云石為原料,通過配方調(diào)制,在1300℃-1350℃下制備了符合行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)SY/T 5108-2014的超低密高強(qiáng)度的壓裂支撐劑。(4)V_2O_5對(duì)壓裂支撐劑中莫來石晶須生長(zhǎng)有顯著的促進(jìn)作用。加入V_2O_5后,可以使支撐劑顆粒在較低的溫度下生成液相,促進(jìn)了顆粒內(nèi)反應(yīng)組分的相互接觸,有利于莫來石晶體的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育;同時(shí)V_2O_5能夠促進(jìn)莫來石晶體的定向生長(zhǎng),發(fā)育為針狀的莫來石晶須,提高了支撐劑的強(qiáng)度。但V_2O_5加入量過多時(shí)會(huì)使得系統(tǒng)中的液相大量增加,反而對(duì)強(qiáng)度有不利的影響。(5)以煤系高嶺土和工業(yè)氧化鋁為原料,V_2O_5作為添加劑,通過彎曲強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)獲得制備壓裂支撐劑的適宜燒結(jié)溫度以及V_2O_5的最佳添加量:當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為1400℃,V_2O_5添加量為1wt%時(shí),所制備的樣品的彎曲強(qiáng)度達(dá)到了66.38MPa;以此條件制備的壓裂支撐劑體積密度為1.25 g/cm3,52MPa閉合壓力下的破碎率為5.23%,破碎等級(jí)達(dá)到了7.5K。(6)添加造孔劑能夠降低支撐劑的密度,同時(shí)也引起支撐劑抗破碎能力下降。
[Abstract]:Due to the pressure of social development and environment, the proportion of clean energy in China's energy structure will gradually increase. The conventional natural gas resources, coal bed gas, shale gas and other unconventional natural gas resources will become an important energy in the future. The efficient exploitation of these energy sources is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Hydraulic fracturing, as an effective technique for increasing production and prolonging the service life of oil wells, plays an important role in the exploitation of conventional and unconventional natural gas. Due to the particularity of geological structure and the requirement of environmental protection, ultra-low density and high strength fracturing proppant has become the key material for exploitation of unconventional natural gas resources such as shale gas and coalbed gas. In this paper, the ultra-low density and high strength fracturing proppant was prepared by using bauxite and coal-series kaolin as main raw materials, potassium feldspar and industrial alumina respectively, and dolomite and V_2O_5 as additives. The effects of sintering conditions and additives on the properties of fracturing proppant were studied systematically. The phase composition and microstructure of the samples were analyzed by XRD and SEM methods. In addition, the preparation of ultra-low density fracturing proppant was explored by using the preparation method of porous ceramics. The results show that when the flux mineral potassium feldspar is added to the raw material, The bulk density and apparent density of the prepared fracturing proppant are 1.30g/cm3 and 2.61 g / cm ~ 3, respectively, which are 31.54% and 8.77% lower than those without potassium feldspar.) the addition of dolomite, a sintering promoter, decreases the sintering temperature on the one hand, and forms liquid phase during sintering on the other. It promotes the growth and development of mullite crystal and improves the strength of fracturing proppant. When the amount of dolomite is 2 wtlong and the sintering temperature is 1330 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1961706