發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-24 21:44

  本文選題：油管測(cè)量 + 光柵��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在油田工作中,大部分的油層從勘探到開(kāi)發(fā)及后期的維護(hù)過(guò)程中會(huì)受到很大程度的損害。壓井會(huì)造成產(chǎn)層污染甚至堵塞,使油井產(chǎn)量下降。放噴使局部地層壓力降低,影響油層出油能力,損壞地層結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)油氣資源可持續(xù)的發(fā)展有一定害處。不壓井作業(yè)工藝能夠很好的解決這些難題。帶壓作業(yè)中,環(huán)形防噴器是實(shí)現(xiàn)隔離井內(nèi)高溫高壓的關(guān)鍵部件,在提升或下放管柱時(shí),環(huán)形防噴器膠芯處于閉合狀態(tài),若有管箍通過(guò)時(shí),環(huán)形防噴器的膠芯處于張開(kāi)狀態(tài),否則,就會(huì)損壞其膠芯,造成很大的損失。若一個(gè)環(huán)形防噴器膠芯張開(kāi),另一個(gè)環(huán)形防噴器的膠芯一定處于閉合狀態(tài),在提升或下入管柱時(shí),總會(huì)有一個(gè)環(huán)形防噴器閉合,這樣就完成了帶壓作業(yè)。因此,精確測(cè)量管箍的具體位置,確定環(huán)形防噴器的膠芯的開(kāi)閉時(shí)刻,在帶壓修井機(jī)中十分重要。 本文利用光柵測(cè)量單根油管的長(zhǎng)度,應(yīng)用單片機(jī)控制光柵有效計(jì)數(shù),得到準(zhǔn)確的單根油管長(zhǎng)度,來(lái)確定油管管箍的位置,為修井作業(yè)時(shí),環(huán)形防噴器的開(kāi)閉、液壓大鉗相對(duì)管箍的位置提供理論依據(jù)。在油田生產(chǎn)中,井下油管的總長(zhǎng)度也一直受到修井作業(yè)的工作人員的長(zhǎng)期關(guān)注,明確單根油管和總體油管的長(zhǎng)度在修井作業(yè)中是個(gè)十分重要的問(wèn)題。本文既可以明確油管管箍的位置也可以明確油管的總長(zhǎng)度。這種測(cè)量油管長(zhǎng)度的方法具有計(jì)量精度高,減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,提高生產(chǎn)效率和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 論文通過(guò)對(duì)油田作業(yè)修井所需,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于光柵檢測(cè)連續(xù)油管長(zhǎng)度在線測(cè)量系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)通過(guò)一對(duì)光柵副測(cè)量油管的長(zhǎng)度,為整個(gè)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)了硬件電路并開(kāi)發(fā)了軟件程序。通過(guò)測(cè)量能精確的得到單根油管的長(zhǎng)度。利用單片機(jī)按順序存儲(chǔ)單根油管長(zhǎng)度可精確定位油管管箍的位置。
[Abstract]:In oil field work, most reservoirs will be damaged in the process of exploration, development and later maintenance. Well-killing may cause formation pollution or even blockage, resulting in a decline in oil production. Local formation pressure is reduced by releasing injection, which affects oil production ability, damages formation structure, and is harmful to the sustainable development of oil and gas resources. The non-well-working process can solve these problems well. In pressure operation, ring blowout preventer is the key component to realize high temperature and high pressure in isolation well. When lifting or lowering pipe string, the rubber core of ring blowout preventer is in closed state. If pipe hoop passes, the rubber core of ring blowout preventer is open. Otherwise, it will damage its rubber core, causing great losses. If the rubber core of one ring blowout preventer is open, the rubber core of the other ring blowout preventer must be closed. When lifting or entering the pipe string, there will always be an annular blowout preventer closed, thus completing the operation with pressure. Therefore, it is very important to accurately measure the concrete position of the pipe hoop and determine the opening and closing time of the rubber core of the ring blowout preventer in the workover machine with pressure. In this paper, the length of single tubing is measured by grating, the effective counting of single tubing is controlled by single chip microcomputer, and the exact length of tubing is obtained. The position of tubing hoop is determined, which is the opening and closing of annular blowout preventer during workover operation. The position of hydraulic forceps relative to pipe hoops provides theoretical basis. In the production of oil field, the total length of downhole tubing has been concerned by workover workers for a long time. It is very important to define the length of single tubing and total tubing in workover operation. Both the position of tubing hoop and the total length of tubing can be determined in this paper. The method of measuring tubing length has the advantages of high measuring precision, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency and economic benefit. In this paper, an on-line measuring system for the length of continuous tubing based on grating is designed. In this system, the length of tubing is measured by a pair of grating pairs, the hardware circuit is designed and the software program is developed for the whole measuring system. The length of a single tubing can be accurately obtained by measuring. The position of tubing hoop can be accurately located by single tubing length stored sequentially by single chip computer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE973.6

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