本文選題：橡膠定子 + 金屬轉(zhuǎn)子　； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在螺桿泵的運行初期,為了保證容積效率,橡膠定子與金屬轉(zhuǎn)子之間設(shè)置為過盈配合,兩者之間形成較大的擠壓。在運行過程中,金屬轉(zhuǎn)子攜帶含砂原油介質(zhì)與橡膠定子發(fā)生磨損行為。隨著橡膠定子的磨損,定子與轉(zhuǎn)子之間的過盈量逐漸減小,并向間隙配合過渡。在間隙配合下,砂粒的切削作用使橡膠定子磨損,容積效率降低。當橡膠磨損達到一定程度,排量達不到使用要求時,導(dǎo)致螺桿泵報廢。在過盈配合——間隙配合——螺桿泵報廢的過程,其使用壽命與橡膠定子的耐磨性能息息相關(guān)�，F(xiàn)階段,人們已開展了橡膠密封件的二體磨損、三體磨粒磨損以及橡膠密封件配方的研制等工作,取得了很多研究成果,但還沒有基于螺桿泵失效過程開展橡膠定子磨粒侵蝕的研究。為此,本文利用自行研制的磨損間隙調(diào)整式環(huán)塊摩擦磨損試驗機,在不同過盈配合和間隙配合下研究丁腈基定子橡膠的磨粒侵蝕行為,分析不同過盈量、間隙量以及不同形狀砂粒對橡膠侵蝕磨損的影響,并觀測橡膠磨痕表面的形貌。結(jié)果表明:干摩擦下隨著過盈量的增加,丁腈橡膠的摩擦溫度和磨損量不斷增大,摩擦扭矩達到穩(wěn)定時所需的時間先增加后降低,在0.6mm時達到峰值。過盈量較小時,摩擦力比較平緩;而在大過盈時摩擦力急劇上升。其原因在于大過盈量下橡膠表面接觸壓力大,產(chǎn)生的摩擦熱使橡膠軟化,發(fā)生粘著磨損,并出現(xiàn)膠合現(xiàn)象。在含砂原油介質(zhì)中,隨著過盈量的增大,丁腈橡膠的摩擦力和磨損量均先降低后趨于平穩(wěn)。原油中的砂粒對橡膠表面產(chǎn)生犁削作用,在表面形成劃痕和凹坑。間隙配合條件下,隨著間隙量的增加,丁腈橡膠的摩擦力和磨損量曲線先急劇降低后趨于穩(wěn)定。隨著原油中砂粒尺寸的增大,砂粒與橡膠表面的接觸面積增大,丁腈橡膠的摩擦力、磨損量均不斷增大。在間隙配合下,含尖形砂粒原油介質(zhì)下橡膠的磨損量大于圓形砂粒原油介質(zhì),其原因在于尖形砂粒有多個切削刃,更容易被壓入橡膠表面,對橡膠表面的切削作用明顯。本論文的研究不僅對橡膠磨損理論的發(fā)展有重要的研究價值,也對提高潛油螺桿泵等液體混輸設(shè)備的有效壽命具有實際意義。
[Abstract]:In the initial stage of the screw pump, in order to ensure the volumetric efficiency, the interference fit between the rubber stator and the metal rotor was set, and a large extrusion was formed between the two. During operation, the metal rotor carries sand-bearing crude oil medium and rubber stator wear behavior. With the wear of the rubber stator, the interference between the stator and the rotor decreases gradually and transitions to the clearance fit. With the clearance fit, the cutting action of sand particles makes the rubber stator wear and reduce the volumetric efficiency. When rubber wear up to a certain extent, displacement can not reach the requirements, leading to screw pump scrap. The service life of interference fit-clearance fit-screw pump is closely related to the wear resistance of rubber stator. At this stage, people have carried out the work of two-body wear, three-body abrasive wear and the development of rubber seal formula, and obtained a lot of research results. However, there is no research on abrasion erosion of rubber stator based on the failure process of screw pump. In this paper, the abrasive erosion behavior of butadiene-based stator rubber was studied by using a self-developed friction and wear tester with adjustable wear gap and different interference fit and clearance fit, and the different interference amounts were analyzed. The effects of clearance amount and sand particles of different shapes on the erosive wear of rubber were investigated and the surface morphology of rubber abrasions was observed. The results show that the friction temperature and wear amount of nitrile rubber increase with the increase of interference under dry friction. The time required for friction torque to reach stability first increases and then decreases, and reaches the peak value at 0.6mm. When the interference is small, the friction force is more gentle, while the friction force increases sharply when the interference is large. The reason lies in the high contact pressure of rubber surface under large interference, the friction heat produced makes rubber soften, the adhesive wear occurs, and the phenomenon of adhesion occurs. In the medium containing sand crude oil, the friction force and wear rate of NBR decrease first and then tend to steady with the increase of interference. Sand in crude oil ploughs the rubber surface, forming scratches and pits on the surface. Under the condition of gap fit, the friction and wear curves of NBR decreased sharply and then tended to stabilize with the increase of clearance. With the increase of grain size in crude oil, the contact area between sand and rubber surface increases, and the friction and wear of NBR increase. The wear rate of rubber in the oil medium containing sharp sand grain is larger than that in the oil medium containing circular sand grain under the condition of clearance coordination. The reason is that there are many cutting edges in the sharp sand grain, so it is easier to be pressed into the rubber surface, and the cutting effect on the rubber surface is obvious. The research in this paper is not only of great value to the development of rubber wear theory, but also of practical significance to improve the effective life of submersible screw pump and other liquid mixing equipment.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE933.3;TQ336.5

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