本文選題：省煤器 + 泄漏��； 參考：《西安石油大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：余熱鍋爐為催化裂化配套裝置,是煉油廠重要的節(jié)能設備,省煤器是利用余熱鍋爐尾部的熱煙氣來加熱給水的熱交換器。如果省煤器發(fā)生泄漏,將降低回收煙氣余熱的能力,同時由于頻繁修理更換,造成了人力物力的大量浪費,大大降低了余熱鍋爐運行效率,甚至威脅到裝置的正常運行。本文針對某石化企業(yè)省煤器的泄漏問題開展研究工作,并針對這些泄漏的原因采取必要的設備和技術改造,最終取得顯著的效果。研究結果表明:由于省煤器入口水溫低于煙氣露點,造成煙氣中的酸酐與水蒸氣凝結在管道外壁,對外壁形成低溫硫腐蝕。這是該余熱鍋爐省煤器泄漏的主要原因。除氧器的異常工作造成余熱鍋爐給水氧含量超標,從而引起省煤器管道內(nèi)壁氧腐蝕減薄。這對于該余熱鍋爐省煤器的泄漏起輔助性促進作用。更換尾部受熱面、增加換熱器模塊等改造措施,可以將煙氣經(jīng)高溫省煤器出入口溫差增加9.04℃;將經(jīng)低溫省煤器前后溫差增大29.59℃;將余熱爐排煙溫度降低87.46℃。給水預熱器的使用,將除氧水經(jīng)省煤器后溫度提高39.62℃,達到144℃,高于余熱鍋爐的低溫露點腐蝕溫度。用ND鋼取代原來的20G鋼,提高了余熱鍋爐省煤器的抗腐蝕性能。余熱鍋爐實施改造后,近一年來運行良好,再沒有出現(xiàn)泄漏的情況,改造效果顯著。這為以后解決類似問題提供思路和參考價值。
[Abstract]:The waste heat boiler is an important equipment for energy saving in the refinery, and the waste heat boiler is a heat exchanger which uses the hot flue gas from the tail of the waste heat boiler to heat the feed water. If the economizer leaks, it will reduce the capacity of recovering the waste heat of flue gas, at the same time, because of frequent repair and replacement, it will cause a large amount of waste of manpower and material resources, greatly reduce the operation efficiency of the waste heat boiler, and even threaten the normal operation of the device. In this paper, the leakage problem of economizer in a petrochemical enterprise is studied, and the necessary equipment and technical renovation are adopted for the reasons of these leakage, and finally remarkable results are obtained. The results show that because the inlet water temperature of economizer is lower than the dew point of flue gas, the anhydride and water vapor in the flue gas condenses on the outer wall of the pipeline and the external wall forms low temperature sulfur corrosion. This is the main reason for the leakage of the economizer of the waste heat boiler. Abnormal operation of deaerator results in excess oxygen content in feedwater of waste heat boiler, which causes oxygen corrosion thinning in the inner wall of economizer pipeline. This helps to promote the leakage of the economizer of the waste heat boiler. By replacing the rear heating surface and increasing the heat exchanger module, the flue gas temperature difference can be increased by 9.04 鈩，

本文編號：1909349