本文選題：水平井 + 分段壓裂　； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來隨著油田采收率的下降,老齡油田采出原油含水率高達(dá)95%,甚至更高,整體的采油效能低下。對(duì)老油井的改造增產(chǎn)已成為現(xiàn)階段油田的主要研究應(yīng)用方向,而壓裂改造作為油氣井的主要改造措施,是國(guó)內(nèi)外的主要研究方向。美國(guó)約40%的油井和70%的新氣井是經(jīng)改造壓裂后增產(chǎn)的。而我國(guó)的壓裂技術(shù)也在逐漸應(yīng)用于多個(gè)石油開采地區(qū)。由于我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)的油田屬于低滲透地質(zhì)構(gòu)造,裂縫在起裂過程中位置與擴(kuò)展方向難以控制,直接影響著壓裂的成功率。水力噴砂壓裂技術(shù)對(duì)非均質(zhì)、連通性差、低滲透等油氣藏效果明顯。水力噴砂壓裂技術(shù)正在世界范圍內(nèi)得到發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。本文在對(duì)水平井開采技術(shù),特別是水平井噴砂壓裂技術(shù)的國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合分段壓裂的特點(diǎn),對(duì)水力噴砂射孔和水力噴砂壓裂的機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,為施工中井下工具的設(shè)計(jì)與選型、施工液體和施工管柱結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。設(shè)計(jì)了新型的錐形噴嘴式水力噴砂射孔工具,并結(jié)合冀中油田滲透性差,產(chǎn)液量低的特點(diǎn),對(duì)施工液體體系、磨料及支撐劑等進(jìn)行優(yōu)化選配,對(duì)壓裂管柱及其施工操作流程進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。在我國(guó)華北油田地區(qū)進(jìn)行水平井分段噴砂壓裂增產(chǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn),并對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析,為水平井分段噴砂壓裂技術(shù)的應(yīng)用提供了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)及效果總結(jié),有利于該技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用,有利于推動(dòng)低滲透油田的高效、持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the decline of oil recovery, the water cut of crude oil produced in aging oilfield is as high as 95% or higher, and the overall oil recovery efficiency is low. Revamping and increasing production of old oil wells has become the main research and application direction of oil fields at present, and fracturing as the main measures of oil and gas wells is the main research direction at home and abroad. About 40% of American wells and 70% of new gas wells are produced after fracturing. Fracturing technology in China is also gradually applied in many oil extraction areas. Because the oil fields in most areas of China belong to low permeability geological structure, it is difficult to control the position and spreading direction of fracture in the process of fracture initiation, which directly affects the success rate of fracturing. Hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technology has obvious effect on heterogeneous, poor connectivity and low permeability oil and gas reservoirs. Hydraulic sand blasting fracturing technology is being developed and applied all over the world. On the basis of summing up the development of horizontal well production technology, especially horizontal well sand blasting fracturing technology at home and abroad, combined with the characteristics of fracturing, this paper studies the mechanism of hydraulic sand blasting perforation and hydraulic sand blasting fracturing. It lays a theoretical foundation for the design and selection of downhole tools and optimization of construction liquid and construction pipe string structure. A new type of conical nozzle hydraulic sand blasting perforating tool is designed. Combined with the characteristics of poor permeability and low liquid production in Jizhong Oilfield, the construction liquid system, abrasive and proppant are optimized. The optimum design of fracturing string and its operation flow is carried out. The experiment of sand blasting fracturing in horizontal wells is carried out in Huabei Oilfield area of China, and the experimental results are systematically analyzed, which provides the field experimental data and effect summary for the application of the fracturing technology in horizontal wells. It is beneficial to the popularization and application of this technology and to the promotion of high efficiency and sustainable development of low permeability oilfields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357

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本文編號(hào)：1904296