本文選題：混凝沉淀 + 曝氣生物濾池��； 參考：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：多年來(lái),非洲原油均占中國(guó)石油進(jìn)口比例的20%以上,中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需求決定我們未來(lái)仍需繼續(xù)從包括非洲在內(nèi)的境外市場(chǎng)進(jìn)口石油。這就涉及到發(fā)展和環(huán)境的關(guān)系。開(kāi)采石油后對(duì)采油廢水的處理是我們必須要重視的問(wèn)題。本文針對(duì)非洲中資油田采油廢水,開(kāi)展與之相適應(yīng)的采油廢水處理技術(shù)遴選與集成,提出混凝沉淀與曝氣生物濾池相結(jié)合的組合工藝。旨在通過(guò)對(duì)非洲地區(qū)采油廢水進(jìn)行處理示范,推動(dòng)非洲地區(qū)采油廢水處理的發(fā)展,通過(guò)集成技術(shù)的處理使采油廢水達(dá)標(biāo)排放,從而減輕采油廢水對(duì)非洲水環(huán)境的污染。研究得出的結(jié)論主要有:1.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)定條件下,當(dāng)在PAM投量為60mg/L,PAC投量為200mg/L,沉降時(shí)間大于30min時(shí),混凝沉淀處理效果最好,處理后水質(zhì)清澈,廢水中SS可降低至8mg/L,含油量可降低至5.2mg/L。2.通過(guò)研究陶粒、火山巖、沸石三種填料,發(fā)現(xiàn)陶粒填料生物濾池掛膜時(shí)間最短,為15天,且對(duì)廢水中SS、含油量及COD均可起到很好的處理效果,去除率分別為93%-97%、82%-89%、70% 71%。3.混凝沉淀 曝氣生物濾池工藝中試研究表明,由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境與實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境的差異,當(dāng)混凝劑投量為PAC 200mg/L,PAM 60mg/L時(shí),混凝沉淀出水色度去除效果不理想。調(diào)整混凝劑投加量為PAC 200mg/L,PAM 70mg/L時(shí),混凝沉淀出水水質(zhì)清澈,此時(shí)出水含油量低于5mg/L,SS低于10mg/L。調(diào)整相關(guān)參數(shù)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行中試試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)行15天后,設(shè)備對(duì)SS、含油量、COD的去除率達(dá)到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),去除率分別約為93%、87%、71%。處理出水水質(zhì)良好,出水優(yōu)于非洲采油基地要求的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。4.混凝沉淀-曝氣生物濾池設(shè)備處理水量為2.5m3/h時(shí),設(shè)備投資為19.18萬(wàn)元,處理1噸廢水所需藥劑成本為0.92元,所需電量約為1.3度。綜上,混凝沉淀 曝氣生物濾池組合工藝可以經(jīng)濟(jì)的處理非洲中資油田采油廢水中的COD、SS以及含油量,出水優(yōu)于非洲中資油田要求的水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Over the years, African crude oil has accounted for more than 20 percent of China's oil imports, and the demand for China's domestic economy has determined that we will continue to import oil from overseas markets, including Africa. This involves the relationship between development and the environment. We must pay attention to the treatment of oil recovery wastewater after oil extraction. In this paper, the selection and integration of oil recovery wastewater treatment technology suitable for Chinese-funded oil fields in Africa are carried out, and a combination process of coagulation sedimentation and biological aerated filter is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to promote the development of oil recovery wastewater treatment in Africa through the treatment demonstration of oil recovery wastewater in Africa, and to discharge the oil recovery wastewater up to standard through integrated technology, so as to reduce the pollution of oil recovery wastewater to African water environment. The main conclusions of the study were: 1: 1. Under the condition of laboratory setting, when the dosage of PAM is 60 mg / L and the sedimentation time is larger than 30min, the coagulation sedimentation treatment is the best. After the treatment, the water quality is clear, the SS in the wastewater can be reduced to 8 mg / L, and the oil content can be reduced to 5.2 mg / L. 2. By studying three kinds of fillers, ceramsite, volcanic rock and zeolite, it was found that the biofilter with ceramsite filler had the shortest time to hang membrane, which was 15 days, and had a good effect on the treatment of SS, oil content and COD in the wastewater. The removal rate was 93-9770.82% -89% and 71g 路3, respectively. The pilot-scale study of coagulation sedimentation and biological aerated filter process shows that, because of the difference between the field environment and the laboratory environment, when the coagulant dosage is 200mg / L Pam 60mg/L, the chrominance removal effect of the effluent is not ideal. When the dosage of coagulant is adjusted to PAC 200mg / L, the water quality of coagulation-precipitated effluent is clear, and the oil content of effluent is lower than 5 mg / L (SS) less than 10 mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). After 15 days of operation, the removal rate of SS and COD reached a stable state, and the removal rates were about 933% and 87% respectively. The quality of treated effluent is good, and the effluent is better than the discharge standard of Africa oil recovery base. When the amount of water treated by coagulation precipitation-biological aerated filter is 2.5m3/h, the investment of the equipment is 191800 yuan, the cost of reagents is 0.92 yuan, and the electricity requirement is about 1.3C. In conclusion, the combined process of coagulation, sedimentation and biological aeration filter can treat CODSS and oil content in African Chinese-funded oil field production wastewater economically, and the effluent is superior to the water quality standard required by African Chinese-funded oil field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X741

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