本文選題：頁巖氣 + BET吸附　； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過對大量頁巖氣藏相關(guān)文獻的查閱與匯總,根據(jù)對近年頁巖氣藏的研究開發(fā)情況的了解,確立了研究課題。目前,頁巖氣藏的相關(guān)研究將吸附/解吸附、滑脫、擴散——三大流動特性納入到考慮范疇內(nèi),可是對于吸附類型、擴散類型的確定主要靠前人經(jīng)驗,選擇蘭格繆爾(Langmuir)吸附模型和克努森(Knudsen)型擴散模型進行描述。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于建立BET吸附控制下的滲流模型以及分析不同擴散類型、吸附類型對壓力分布所產(chǎn)生的影響。對于頁巖氣的有效開發(fā)利用,研究頁巖氣藏的滲流理論以及數(shù)學(xué)模型具有非常重要的意義。在理解頁巖氣藏的基本特征以及吸附/解吸附、滑脫、擴散三種流動特征的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了頁巖氣藏的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并進一步得出數(shù)值模型。建立模型是深刻認識并分析頁巖氣在氣藏中運移產(chǎn)出機理的重要途徑。而后簡化這種過程及模型,研究頁巖氣藏壓力分布的求解,確定了壓力與距離的對應(yīng)函數(shù)關(guān)系。利用控制變量法,通過參數(shù)調(diào)節(jié),求出了考慮不同吸附類型、擴散類型的壓力分布,并繪制壓降曲線以比較不同擴散類型、吸附類型對壓力分布的影響。主要完成了以下幾方面的研究工作:(1)通過對過去5年相關(guān)文獻的查閱,了解了頁巖氣藏的勘探開發(fā)研究近況,并對開發(fā)過程中所遇到的問題及最新的理論技術(shù)進行匯總,掌握頁巖氣藏研究動態(tài)。(2)總結(jié)并比較了熱成因與生物成因的原理與影響因素,并對混合成因進行介紹,得出熱成因占主要方面,并且頁巖氣組分及總量受環(huán)境因素影響而復(fù)雜多變的結(jié)論;通過查閱大量文獻對頁巖氣藏的孔滲特征、賦存方式、特殊評價指標(biāo)進行系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)分析,為后續(xù)研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)系統(tǒng)研究了頁巖氣的特殊運移機理,基于三種吸附模型的比較,選用了BET吸附模型,認識到克努森數(shù)對擴散類型的判斷起決定作用,滑脫效應(yīng)的存在引起了表觀滲透率的增大,為模型的建立提供理論依托。(4)基于對頁巖氣特殊運移機理的研究,作出假設(shè),區(qū)分基巖、裂縫系統(tǒng),氣、水兩相,建立考慮BET吸附的數(shù)學(xué)模型,再進行差分得到數(shù)值模型。(5)簡化滲流模型,建立流動控制方程,求解壓力分布與半徑的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。利用控制變量的思想,改變解吸附量和克努森數(shù),即可達到比較各種吸附類型、擴散類型控制下壓力分布異同的目的,通過二分法計算機編程解方程并繪制出壓降曲線,更直觀地比較出,對于符合BET吸附的氣藏,選用蘭格繆爾吸附描述會使壓力低于真實壓力水平,三種擴散類型下的壓降速度,由快到慢為克努森擴散、過渡擴散、F菲克擴散。對于壓力分布,擴散比吸附的影響要小。
[Abstract]:Through consulting and summarizing a large number of relevant documents of shale gas reservoir, according to the understanding of the research and development of shale gas reservoir in recent years, the research subject is established. At present, the related research on shale gas reservoirs takes the three flow characteristics of adsorption / desorption, desorption and diffusion into consideration. However, for adsorption types, the determination of diffusion types is mainly based on the previous experience. Langmuir adsorption model and Knudsen Knudsen-type diffusion model were selected to describe the results. The innovation of this paper lies in the establishment of seepage model controlled by BET adsorption and the analysis of the influence of different diffusion types and adsorption types on the pressure distribution. For the effective development and utilization of shale gas, it is of great significance to study the percolation theory and mathematical model of shale gas reservoir. On the basis of understanding the basic characteristics of shale gas reservoir and three characteristics of adsorption / desorption, detachment and diffusion, the mathematical model of shale gas reservoir is established, and the numerical model is obtained. Modeling is an important way to understand and analyze the migration and production mechanism of shale gas in gas reservoirs. Then it simplifies the process and model, studies the solution of shale gas reservoir pressure distribution, and determines the corresponding function relationship between pressure and distance. By using the method of controlling variables and adjusting the parameters, the pressure distribution considering different adsorption types and diffusion types is obtained, and the pressure drop curve is drawn to compare the influence of different diffusion types and adsorption types on the pressure distribution. Mainly completed the following aspects of research work: 1) through the review of relevant documents in the past five years, we have learned about the recent research situation of shale gas reservoir exploration and development, and summarized the problems encountered in the process of development and the latest theoretical techniques. This paper summarizes and compares the principles and influencing factors of thermal and biological origin, and introduces the mixed origin, and concludes that thermal genesis is the main factor. And the conclusion that the composition and total amount of shale gas is influenced by environmental factors is complex and changeable. Through consulting a large number of literatures, the characteristics of pore and permeability, occurrence mode, special evaluation index of shale gas reservoir are systematically summarized and analyzed. The special migration mechanism of shale gas is studied systematically. Based on the comparison of three adsorption models, BET adsorption model is selected, and it is recognized that Knudsen number plays a decisive role in the determination of diffusion type. The existence of slip effect leads to the increase of apparent permeability, which provides theoretical support for the establishment of the model. Based on the study of the special migration mechanism of shale gas, it makes a hypothesis to distinguish the bedrock, fracture system, gas and water two phases. A mathematical model considering BET adsorption was established, and then the numerical model was obtained by differential method. The seepage model was simplified, the flow control equation was established, and the corresponding relation between pressure distribution and radius was solved. By using the idea of controlling variables and changing the amount of desorption and Knudsen number, the purpose of comparing the pressure distribution under the control of various adsorption types and diffusion types can be achieved. The equation is solved by a binary computer and the pressure drop curve is drawn. It is more intuitively compared that for gas reservoirs in accordance with BET adsorption, the pressure will be lower than the true pressure level by using Langmuir adsorption description, and the pressure drop rate under three diffusion types will change from fast to slow to Knudsen diffusion, and transition diffusion will result in F-Fick diffusion. For pressure distribution, the effect of diffusion is less than that of adsorption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE312

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