本文選題：定向鉆 + 回拖力�。� 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：定向鉆回拖過程是整個(gè)定向鉆進(jìn)施工中至關(guān)重要的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),本文選取回拖力值預(yù)測(cè)和管道回拖過程中管道力學(xué)性能分析這兩個(gè)切入點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究,為管道穿越河道技術(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)提供重要的理論技術(shù)支持。預(yù)測(cè)回拖力是水平定向鉆技術(shù)研究的重點(diǎn)之一,可以為穿越工程方案設(shè)計(jì)、鉆機(jī)型號(hào)選擇、施工過程中管道穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)以及回拖減阻工藝制定等重要環(huán)節(jié)提供有力依據(jù),由于計(jì)算過程中忽略了某些影響因素或引入經(jīng)驗(yàn)參數(shù),使得現(xiàn)有的回拖力預(yù)測(cè)方法預(yù)測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確度與可靠性較低,難以滿足實(shí)際工程需要。本文系統(tǒng)深入地研究回拖階段回拖力的理論計(jì)算方法,并通過工程實(shí)例數(shù)據(jù)評(píng)價(jià)了本文優(yōu)選出的回拖力計(jì)算方法的準(zhǔn)確度與可靠性,最后完成了對(duì)該方法的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)。然后貼近工程使用有限元軟件建立工程實(shí)例模型,對(duì)回拖過程管道力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)模擬分析,根據(jù)上述研究成果總結(jié)了穿越工程施工中管道回拖過程應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變以及移動(dòng)距離等分布特點(diǎn),最后細(xì)致描述了各項(xiàng)影響參數(shù)對(duì)管道受力的影響規(guī)律。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與結(jié)論如下:首先對(duì)油氣輸送管道穿越工程施工規(guī)范方法、給水排水管道工程施工規(guī)范方法、卸荷拱土壓力計(jì)算方法、凈浮力計(jì)算方法、絞盤計(jì)算方法、美國(guó)材料實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)會(huì)ASTM方法、美國(guó)燃?xì)夤艿姥芯繒?huì)方法的各個(gè)適用條件和適用范圍作出明確的說明,并且對(duì)各個(gè)公式計(jì)算結(jié)果中存在的差異做出詳細(xì)合理的解釋。從理論上弄清每個(gè)理論計(jì)算公式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),最后分析出計(jì)算回拖力值的最優(yōu)化公式為絞盤計(jì)算方法;然后使用有限元軟件對(duì)實(shí)際工程進(jìn)行施工模擬,總結(jié)了穿越工程施工中管道回拖過程應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變以及移動(dòng)距離等分布特點(diǎn),觀察管道回拖階段中管道在不同物理參數(shù)(管道屈服強(qiáng)度、管道彈性模量、管道泊松比、管材密度、粘土密度、土層彈性模量、土層泊松比)影響下管道力學(xué)性能所產(chǎn)生的變化情況并對(duì)其進(jìn)行描述;最后我們將七個(gè)回拖力理論計(jì)算公式帶入到中緬天然氣管道實(shí)際工程當(dāng)中,驗(yàn)證先前理論分析得出的絞盤計(jì)算方法計(jì)算出的結(jié)果最接近實(shí)際回拖力施工值,并對(duì)絞盤計(jì)算法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The process of directional drilling and dragging is one of the most important links in the whole directional drilling construction. This paper selects two entry points to study the drag force value prediction and pipeline mechanical performance analysis in the process of pipeline back towing, and provides important theoretical and technical support for the design of pipeline crossing channel technology. The prediction of the drag force is the horizontal directional drilling technology. One of the key points of the study can provide a strong basis for the design of the project, the selection of the type of the drill, the evaluation of the stability of the pipeline and the formulation of the drag reduction and drag reduction process in the process of construction. The accuracy of the prediction method of the existing forecasting method of the current pull back force can be made due to the neglect of some influencing factors or the introduction of the empirical parameters in the calculation process. It is difficult to meet the needs of practical engineering with low reliability. In this paper, the theoretical calculation method of the back drag force is studied in this paper. The accuracy and reliability of the method is evaluated through the data of the engineering example. Finally, the optimization and improvement of the method are completed. Then the finite element software is used close to the project. In this paper, an example model is set up to simulate and analyze the mechanical properties of the pipeline in the process of back towing. According to the above research results, the distribution characteristics of the stress, strain and moving distance in the process of pipeline back towing are summarized. Finally, the influence rules of the influence parameters on the force of the pipeline are described in detail. The following are as follows: first, the construction standard method of oil and gas pipeline crossing project, the construction standard method of water supply and drainage pipeline engineering, the calculation method of unloading arch soil pressure, the calculation method of net buoyancy, the calculation method of the winch, the ASTM method of the American material experiment Society, the applicable conditions and the scope of application of the United States gas pipeline Research Institute method are made clear. A detailed explanation is made of the differences in the calculation results of each formula. The advantages and disadvantages of each theoretical formula are clarified in theory. Finally, the optimization formula for calculating the back drag force is analyzed as a winch calculation method, and then the construction simulation of the actual project is carried out by using the finite element soft parts, and the traversing is summarized. In engineering construction, the distribution characteristics of stress, strain and moving distance in the process of pipeline dragging are observed, and the changes in the mechanical properties of pipelines under the influence of different physical parameters (pipeline yield strength, pipe elasticity modulus, pipe Poisson's ratio, pipe density, clay density, soil layer elasticity modulus and soil Poisson ratio) are observed during the pipeline back towing stage. In the end, we introduce the seven theory of back drag force into the actual project of China Burmese natural gas pipeline, and verify that the results obtained by the previous theoretical analysis of the winch calculation method are most close to the actual construction value of the actual drag force, and improve the winch calculation method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE243

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