本文選題：環(huán)境影響因素 + 水平井測井�。� 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國煤層氣勘探水平不斷提高,測井環(huán)境對煤層氣水平井的影響不容忽視。煤層埋藏淺,微孔隙和裂縫發(fā)育,極易受泥漿侵入影響。此外,煤層的機械強度低,鉆進過程中容易坍塌,擴徑影響尤為突出。水平井測井不但受到井徑、礦化度、溫度、泥餅和間隙等環(huán)境因素影響,而且水平井眼條件下,各向異性對測量結(jié)果的影響大大增強、重力作用會造成儀器偏心、侵入非對稱性分布及井眼下側(cè)沉積巖屑層等的影響。擴徑、各向異性、侵入、儀器偏心及巖屑層等環(huán)境因素都會導(dǎo)致煤層氣水平井測井曲線產(chǎn)生不同程度的畸變,原始測井曲線上的畸變形式是諸多環(huán)境因素綜合影響結(jié)果,具體哪些環(huán)境因素影響較大,往往難以辨別。倘若能用一種方法鑒別出煤層氣水平井測井環(huán)境影響的主次因素,并針對其主要環(huán)境影響開展反演校正無疑對煤層氣勘探開發(fā)意義重大。在總結(jié)前人對測井環(huán)境影響機理及校正方法的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納了常規(guī)煤層氣水平井測井響應(yīng)特征,按照不同煤巖類型、煤階統(tǒng)計分析了煤層水平井測井響應(yīng)特征。并對煤層氣水平井開展了密度測井、聲波測井、電阻率測井影響因素分析,對比了煤層氣垂直井與水平井在自然伽馬測井、三孔隙度測井以及電阻率測井方面的差異,分別找出了煤層氣垂直井與水平井的影響因素,以及通過對煤層氣垂直井與水平井影響因素進行對比分析,得出兩者都受到偏心、泥漿侵入、各向異性、圍巖以及層厚的影響。針對煤層氣水平井電阻率測井環(huán)境影響因素,本文采用了有限元素法,進行了煤層氣水平井測井?dāng)?shù)值模擬。開展了水平井環(huán)境影響因素鑒別,采用模糊數(shù)學(xué)進行煤層氣水平井測井主次因素判別研究。對繪制的環(huán)境影響因素的校正圖版,進行了最優(yōu)化擬合,以大量擬合公式代替圖版曲線,通過將公式程序化,實現(xiàn)了計算機自動環(huán)境影響校正。煤層在測井曲線上具有明顯“四高四低”特征,電阻率曲線易受到圍巖影響,灰分的存在,使得電阻率與自然伽馬測井都發(fā)生變化,研究工區(qū)煤層的自然伽馬值要低于常規(guī)砂巖,不同煤階、煤巖類型進行統(tǒng)計分析水平井測井響應(yīng)特征,并沒有明顯的規(guī)律;繪制了電阻率井眼、圍巖和侵入的校正圖版;經(jīng)過計算機自動校正,校正結(jié)果滿足了實際工作需求。
[Abstract]:With the development of CBM exploration in China, the influence of logging environment on CBM horizontal wells can not be ignored. Coal seam buried shallow, micropore and fracture development, easily affected by mud intrusion. In addition, the mechanical strength of coal seam is low, and it is easy to collapse during drilling, especially the influence of diameter expansion. Horizontal well logging is not only affected by environmental factors such as well diameter, salinity, temperature, mud cake and clearance, but also the influence of anisotropy on measurement results is greatly enhanced under horizontal wellbore conditions, and gravity will cause instrument eccentricity. The distribution of intrusive asymmetry and the influence of depositional cuttings on the present side of the well. Environmental factors, such as diameter expansion, anisotropy, invasion, tool eccentricity and cuttings, will lead to varying degrees of distortion in the logging curves of horizontal wells for coalbed methane. The distortion forms on the original log curves are the result of a combination of environmental factors. Which specific environmental factors have a greater impact, often difficult to distinguish. If a method can be used to identify the primary and secondary factors affecting the logging environment in horizontal wells of coalbed methane, and to carry out inversion correction for its main environmental impact, it is undoubtedly of great significance to the exploration and development of CBM. On the basis of summing up the influence mechanism and correction method of previous logging environment, the logging response characteristics of conventional coalbed methane horizontal wells are summarized. According to different types of coal and rock, the log response characteristics of coal seam horizontal wells are statistically analyzed. The influence factors of density logging, acoustic logging and resistivity logging are analyzed, and the differences between vertical well and horizontal well in natural gamma logging, three-porosity logging and resistivity logging are compared. The influence factors of vertical well and horizontal well of coalbed gas are found out, and the influence factors of vertical well and horizontal well of coal bed gas are compared and analyzed. It is concluded that both of them are affected by eccentricity, mud invasion, anisotropy, surrounding rock and formation thickness. In this paper, the finite element method is used to simulate the logging environment of CBM horizontal wells. The identification of environmental factors in horizontal wells is carried out, and the primary and secondary factors of logging in horizontal wells of coalbed methane are studied by using fuzzy mathematics. In this paper, the calibration plate of environmental influence factors is optimized and a large number of fitting formulas are used to replace the plate curve. By programming the formula, the automatic environmental impact correction is realized by computer. Coal seam has obvious characteristics of "four high and four low" in logging curve, resistivity curve is easily affected by surrounding rock and ash content exists, both resistivity and natural gamma logging are changed. The natural gamma value of the coal seam in the study area is lower than that of the conventional sandstone, and the response characteristics of horizontal well logging are analyzed statistically with different coal rank and coal rock type, and the correction chart of resistivity borehole, surrounding rock and intrusion is drawn. After the automatic correction of the computer, the correction results meet the practical needs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE37;P631.81

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