本文選題：阿姆河地區(qū) + 裂縫�。� 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：士庫曼斯坦是世界第五大天然氣資源國,天然氣儲量十分豐富,總資源量達到24.6×1012m3。阿姆河地區(qū)是土庫曼斯坦最大的產(chǎn)氣區(qū)域,該地區(qū)碳酸鹽巖地層裂縫發(fā)育,為油氣提供了良好的儲集空間和滲流通道,但也導(dǎo)致了鉆井過程中井漏事故頻發(fā),且大裂縫惡性漏失常常引起又噴又漏的復(fù)雜事故�，F(xiàn)有堵漏技術(shù)處理惡性漏失成功率低,對儲層傷害大,治理周期長,且堵漏材料損失巨大,嚴(yán)重影響了該地區(qū)勘探開發(fā)進度和經(jīng)濟效益,儲層井漏問題已成為制約該地區(qū)安全鉆井的技術(shù)瓶頸。因此,開發(fā)出適用于阿姆河地區(qū)碳酸鹽巖裂縫性儲層的堵漏技術(shù)十分必要。 本文在對阿姆河地區(qū)取芯資料、地質(zhì)資料和鉆完井資料進行統(tǒng)計分析的基礎(chǔ)上,圍繞阿姆河地區(qū)碳酸鹽巖裂縫性地層堵漏技術(shù)建立,從堵漏材料優(yōu)選和承壓封堵能力評價等方面開展了系統(tǒng)的實驗研究,主要取得了以下成果和認識： (1)該地區(qū)井漏主要集中在卡洛夫～牛津階碳酸鹽巖儲層,井漏問題的重點和難點是“漏儲同層”,其根本原因是地層承壓能力低,鉆井安全密度窗口窄�；诖苏J識,提出了解決該地區(qū)井漏問題的技術(shù)途徑：以現(xiàn)有的堵漏機理為基礎(chǔ),優(yōu)選出適用于碳酸鹽巖儲層的高性能堵漏材料,配合一定的施工工藝,通過堵漏材料之間相互協(xié)同增效,形成高強度致密段塞,穩(wěn)定封堵裂縫,從而提高地層承壓能力。 (2)以堵漏機理為指導(dǎo),結(jié)合“漏儲同層”和提高承壓能力對堵漏材料的要求,優(yōu)選出了適用于阿姆河地區(qū)的三種類型的堵漏材料——橋塞材料(方解石顆粒材料、雷特片狀材料和雷特纖維材料)、延遲膨脹劑GWS-1和HHH堵漏材料。 (3)以漏失量和承壓能力為考察指標(biāo),在大量承壓堵漏實驗的基礎(chǔ)上,優(yōu)選得到了封堵效果較好的堵漏配方。最優(yōu)堵漏配方為：基漿+5%方解石顆粒+2%雷特片狀材料+1%雷特纖維+6%GWS-1+60%HHH+0.2%焦磷酸鈉+0.1%NaOH+0.5%纖維+3%石英砂+重晶石,其中基漿配方為：6%膨潤土漿+0.3%PAC-HV。該配方在4MPa下封堵3mm裂縫累計漏失量不超過10%。實驗證明,該配方對裂縫適應(yīng)能力強,承壓能力高,應(yīng)用范圍廣,且可以酸化解堵,但施工時堵漏漿需分先后泵入地層,應(yīng)全面考慮,精細施工。 (4)該堵漏配方在土庫曼斯坦B井的現(xiàn)場試驗應(yīng)用表明,該配方對阿姆河地區(qū)碳酸鹽巖裂縫儲層的嚴(yán)重井漏問題具有較好的封堵效果,但堵漏漿初期流動性偏弱,泵送壓力較大,仍需開展進一步研究。
[Abstract]:Skumanstein is the fifth largest natural gas resource country in the world, and its natural gas reserves are very rich, with a total resource of 24.6 脳 1012m3. The Amu River region is the largest gas-producing region in Turkmenistan. The fractures in carbonate strata in this area provide a good reservoir space and seepage passage for oil and gas, but also lead to frequent well leakage accidents during drilling. And the malignant leakage of the big crack often causes the complicated accident of spitting and leaking. The existing plugging techniques have low success rate in treating malignant leakage, great damage to reservoir, long treatment period, and huge loss of plugging materials, which seriously affect the progress of exploration and development and economic benefits in this area. The problem of reservoir well leakage has become a technical bottleneck restricting the safety of drilling in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a plugging technique suitable for fractured carbonate reservoirs in Amu River area. Based on the statistical analysis of the core data, geological data and well drilling and completion data in the Amu River area, this paper establishes the plugging technology for fractured carbonate formation in the Amu River area. A systematic experimental study has been carried out from the aspects of optimal selection of plugging materials and evaluation of plugging capacity under pressure. The following results and understandings have been obtained: In this area, well leakage is mainly concentrated in Karov-Oxford carbonate reservoir. The key and difficult point of well leakage problem is "leaking reservoir with same layer", which is caused by low bearing capacity of formation and narrow window of drilling safety density. Based on this understanding, the technical approach to solve the well leakage problem in this area is put forward: based on the existing plugging mechanism, the high performance plugging material suitable for carbonate reservoir is selected, which is combined with certain construction technology. Through the synergistic and synergistic effect among the plugging materials, a high strength and dense slug is formed to stabilize the sealing of the fractures, thus improving the bearing capacity of the formation. (2) guided by the plugging mechanism, combined with the requirements of "the same layer of leakage storage" and the improvement of pressure bearing capacity, three types of plugging materials (calcite granular materials), which are suitable for the Amu River area, have been selected. Latte sheet and Rete fiber materials, delayed expansion agents GWS-1 and HHH plugging materials. (3) on the basis of a large number of experiments on pressure plugging, a better plugging formula was obtained by taking leakage loss and pressure capacity as the index of investigation. The optimum formula for blocking leakage is as follows: the base pulp is 5% calcite particle 2% latte material 1% Rete fiber 6%GWS-1 60%HHH 0.2% sodium pyrophosphate 0.5% fiber 3% quartz sand barite and the base pulp formula is 0. 3% bentonite slurry 0.3% PAC-HV. The optimum formula is as follows: 1% Rete fiber 6%GWS-1 60%HHH 0. 2% sodium pyrophosphate 0. 5% fiber 3% quartz sand barite. The cumulative leakage of 3mm cracks is not more than 10% under 4MPa. It is proved by experiments that the formula has strong adaptability to cracks, high bearing capacity, wide application range, and can dissolve plugging by acid. However, plugging slurry should be pumped into the formation successively during construction, which should be considered comprehensively and meticulously constructed. 4) the field test of this formula in well B of Turkmenistan shows that the formula has good plugging effect on the serious well leakage problem of carbonate fractured reservoir in Amr River area, but the initial fluidity of plugging slurry is weak, and the pumping pressure is high. Further research is still needed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE28

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