本文選題：水平井 + 水力噴射壓裂�。� 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：低滲透油藏存在滲透率低、滲流阻力大、地層連通性差等特點(diǎn)，，導(dǎo)致常規(guī)開發(fā)方式效率很低甚至無(wú)效,而水力噴射壓裂作為一種有效的低滲透儲(chǔ)層改造方式,決定了低滲透油藏開發(fā)成功與否。目前我國(guó)水平井水力噴射壓裂現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作業(yè)時(shí),容易壓穿地層,造成水平井井間聯(lián)通,或者裂縫延伸不充分,往往導(dǎo)致壓裂施工后沒有形成有效的裂縫。其根本原因在于對(duì)水力噴射壓裂作業(yè)時(shí)裂縫延伸規(guī)律沒有一個(gè)總體的、全面的認(rèn)識(shí)導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工參數(shù)的設(shè)置不當(dāng),繼而壓裂失敗。因此,對(duì)于水平井水力噴射壓裂，給出一個(gè)全面的、統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)尤為重要。本文首先建立了水平井水力噴射壓裂裂縫起裂模型，可計(jì)算得到裂縫延伸的起始?jí)毫土芽p的初始延伸方向。其次,建立擬三維裂縫延伸模型,通過使用擬三維裂縫模模型擬系統(tǒng),模擬了單裂縫延伸時(shí),儲(chǔ)層與蓋層地應(yīng)力差值、楊氏模量、斷裂韌性、水力噴射射孔的數(shù)目和孔徑、壓裂液排量參數(shù)影響；結(jié)果表明：應(yīng)力差值、射孔數(shù)目和排量與裂縫縫長(zhǎng)和縫寬成正相關(guān)；彈性模量和斷裂韌性與縫高成正相關(guān)；孔眼直徑與裂縫延伸無(wú)相關(guān)性。然后,在多裂縫平面延伸模型下,通過模擬在不同簇?cái)?shù)下,簇間距、壓裂液粘度、泵排量、楊氏模量、地層厚度對(duì)裂縫延伸的影響。結(jié)果表明：簇間距和簇?cái)?shù)是影響多裂縫延伸最主要因素：楊氏模量、地層厚度、壓裂液粘度與最優(yōu)簇間距成正相關(guān)；泵排量與最優(yōu)簇間距成負(fù)相關(guān)；同時(shí)得到,一定的泵排量或者地層條件下，最優(yōu)簇間距與地層厚度具體的數(shù)值比。最終這些規(guī)律可為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)水力噴射壓裂裂縫的延伸預(yù)測(cè)和施工提供理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:Low permeability reservoirs are characterized by low permeability, large seepage resistance and poor formation connectivity, which lead to low or even ineffective conventional development methods, while hydraulic jet fracturing is an effective low permeability reservoir reconstruction method. It determines the success of low permeability reservoir development. At present, hydraulic jet fracturing in horizontal wells in our country is easy to press through the formation, resulting in interconnection between horizontal wells, or insufficient fracture extension, which often leads to no effective fracture after fracturing operation. The fundamental reason lies in the fact that there is not a general understanding of the fracture extension law in hydraulic jet fracturing, which leads to improper setting of field operation parameters and subsequent fracturing failure. Therefore, it is very important to give a comprehensive and uniform rule for horizontal well hydraulic injection fracturing. In this paper, a fracture initiation model of hydraulic jet fracturing in horizontal wells is established, which can be used to calculate the initial pressure of fracture extension and the initial extension direction of fracture. Secondly, the pseudo-3D fracture extension model is established. By using the pseudo-3D fracture model simulation system, the in-situ stress difference between reservoir and caprock, Young's modulus, fracture toughness, the number and pore size of hydraulic jet perforation are simulated. The results show that stress difference, perforation number and displacement are positively correlated with fracture length and width, elastic modulus and fracture toughness are positively correlated with fracture height, and pore diameter has no correlation with fracture extension. Then, under the multi-fracture plane extension model, the effects of cluster spacing, fracturing fluid viscosity, pump displacement, Young's modulus and formation thickness on fracture extension are simulated under different cluster numbers. The results show that cluster spacing and cluster number are the main factors affecting the extension of multiple fractures: Young's modulus, formation thickness, fracturing fluid viscosity are positively correlated with the optimal cluster spacing, pump displacement is negatively correlated with the optimal cluster spacing, and at the same time, Under certain pump displacement or formation conditions, the optimal value ratio of cluster spacing to formation thickness is obtained. Finally, these laws can provide theoretical basis and guidance for the field fracturing fracture extension prediction and construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.1

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本文編號(hào)：1838005