本文選題：生物柴油 + 柴油��； 參考：《中國科學技術大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類對傳統(tǒng)化石燃料的肆意開采,致使石油在幾十年內(nèi)面臨開采殆盡的窘?jīng)r,同時燃燒不可再生的化石燃料產(chǎn)生的大量污染物加劇了環(huán)境的惡化。尋找一種清潔、可再生的能源成為當下解決能源危機和緩解生態(tài)破壞的迫切事宜。在眾多替代能源中,由動物油脂、油料作物和地溝油加工提煉的生物柴油憑借其清潔可再生性、豐富的氧含量有效降低碳煙污染排放等優(yōu)勢引起學術界和工業(yè)界的廣泛關注。生物柴油因其相對柴油較高的黏度和表面張力而難以霧化,實際應用中,生物柴油和柴油的混合使用不僅解決了這一霧化難題,同時混合燃油具有相對較好的潤滑性,并可以直接用于柴油機而不用做任何改裝。生物柴油和柴油混合燃油的霧化特性決定了燃油和空氣的混合質(zhì)量,進而決定了燃燒和排放特性。由于生物柴油在理化性質(zhì)方面與柴油的差異,導致兩者在貫穿距離、霧化角和霧化體積等宏觀霧化性質(zhì)方面也不盡相同。 本文研究了由地溝油提煉的生物柴油、0#柴油及兩者不同比例(BD20、 BD50、BD80)的混合燃油,在模擬內(nèi)燃機環(huán)境的常溫定容彈中,利用共軌噴霧裝置,在60MPa、70MPa、80MPa、90MPa、100MPa噴射壓力和0.1MPa、0.3MPa、0.5MPa、0.7MPa、0.9MPa背壓下貫穿距離、貫穿距離平均推進速率、霧化角、平均霧化角、霧化面積、霧化體積和霧化形態(tài)等宏觀特性的變化規(guī)律。通過編程對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,研究了噴射壓力、背壓和生物柴油在混合燃料中的濃度比例對霧化特性的影響。結(jié)果顯示,貫穿距離和貫穿距離平均推進速率隨噴射壓力的增大而顯著增大,隨背壓的增大而顯著減小,隨濃度比例的增大略微減��；霧化錐角和平均霧化錐角隨背壓的增大而顯著增大,隨噴射壓力的增大而增大,隨濃度比例的增大減小;霧化面積和霧化體積隨噴射壓力的增大而增大,隨背壓的增大而減小。
[Abstract]:Because of the wanton exploitation of the traditional fossil fuels, the oil has to be exhausted in several decades. Meanwhile, a large number of pollutants produced by the burning of non-renewable fossil fuels have aggravated the deterioration of the environment. Looking for a clean and renewable energy source has become an urgent issue to solve the energy crisis and mitigate ecological damage. Among the many alternative energy sources, biodiesel, which is extracted from animal oil, oil crops and gutter oil processing, has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry because of its advantages of clean and renewable, rich oxygen content and effective reduction of soot pollution emissions. Biodiesel is difficult to atomize because of its relatively high viscosity and surface tension. In practical application, the mixed use of biodiesel and diesel not only solves the problem of atomization, but also has relatively good lubricity. And can be directly used in diesel engines without any modification. The atomization characteristics of biodiesel and diesel fuel mixture determine the mixing quality of fuel and air, and then determine the combustion and emission characteristics. Because of the difference between biodiesel and diesel in physical and chemical properties, they are different in macroscopic atomization properties such as penetration distance, atomization angle and atomization volume. In this paper, the fuel mixture of biodiesel and its mixture of BD20, BD50 and BD80, extracted from gutter oil, was studied. In a constant volumetric bomb at room temperature in simulated internal combustion engine environment, a common rail spray device was used at the injection pressure of 60MPa (70MPA) 80MPa1, 90MPa1 (100MPa) and 0.1MPa0.3MPa0. 5MPA0. 5MPa0. 7MPa0. 9 MPA backpressure (0. 9MPA = 0. 9MPa, 0. 7MPa, 0. 9MPa) and 0. 9MPa (0.3MPa 0. 5MPA). The variation rules of macroscopic characteristics such as the average propulsion rate, atomization angle, average atomization angle, atomization area, atomization volume and atomization morphology are discussed. The effects of injection pressure, back pressure and the concentration ratio of biodiesel in the mixed fuel on the atomization characteristics were studied by programming and analyzing the experimental data. The results show that the average propulsion rate of penetration distance and penetration distance increases significantly with the increase of injection pressure, decreases with the increase of back pressure, and decreases slightly with the increase of concentration ratio. The atomization cone angle and the average atomization cone angle increase significantly with the increase of back pressure, increase with the increase of injection pressure, and decrease with the increase of concentration ratio, and the atomization area and atomization volume increase with the increase of injection pressure and decrease with the increase of back pressure.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE667

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本文編號：1779964