本文選題：天然氣長輸管道 + 離心壓縮機(jī)��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今世界,能源已成為發(fā)展的重點(diǎn),各國不斷加大傳統(tǒng)能源和新能源的勘探開發(fā)力度,而且同時積極研究探索節(jié)能技術(shù),從而提高能源利用率。我國天然氣工業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,目前已經(jīng)建成多條天然氣長輸管道,從而形成了結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的天然氣管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。多年來,在天然氣管道運(yùn)行管理方面積累了一定經(jīng)驗(yàn),但是相比于發(fā)達(dá)國家,我國天然氣管道存在運(yùn)行能耗高的缺點(diǎn),而國內(nèi)對此方面的研究較少。榆齊天然氣長輸管道由于氣源氣質(zhì)變化、天然氣輸量及分輸量調(diào)整等因素,造成該管道的能耗起伏不定,給管道的節(jié)能管理工作帶來了困難�；谶@樣的背景,提出本文的研究課題,并進(jìn)行了以下內(nèi)容的研究： 為了能對管道能耗進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算,需要先對管道中最主要的耗能部件——離心壓縮機(jī)性能進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確描述。根據(jù)資料中的壓縮機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)工況下性能曲線來求解實(shí)際工況下的特性方程,具體步驟為：先將壓縮機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)工況下性能曲線數(shù)值化；之后運(yùn)用相似換算原理將得到的設(shè)計(jì)工況下的特性參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際工況下參數(shù)；最后采用“分步擬合法”將實(shí)際工況下的特性參數(shù)擬合為關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)速和流量的特性方程。結(jié)合實(shí)際工況下壓縮機(jī)特性方程計(jì)算出壓縮機(jī)一定時間段內(nèi)的理論能耗,并與壓縮機(jī)該時間段內(nèi)實(shí)際能耗進(jìn)行對比,再進(jìn)行誤差原因分析、提出誤差修正方法。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,測算壓氣站、管道單位周轉(zhuǎn)量耗能。提取壓縮機(jī)及管段能耗的影響因素,并將各因素與壓縮機(jī)軸功率進(jìn)行擬合,進(jìn)而判斷各因素對能耗影響程度的大小。利用Excel-VBA編制計(jì)算程序,來完成天然氣物性參數(shù)計(jì)算、壓縮機(jī)流量計(jì)算及壓縮機(jī)實(shí)際運(yùn)行參數(shù)的計(jì)算進(jìn)而計(jì)算壓縮機(jī)能耗。根據(jù)榆齊管道能耗結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)建立合適的能效指標(biāo)體系,采用層次分析法對能效指標(biāo)進(jìn)行評價分析,評價管道中各設(shè)備單元的能效水平。 通過上述的研究工作,編制的程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)了對榆林首站壓縮機(jī)能耗較準(zhǔn)確的計(jì)算。確定了影響管道能耗的主要因素,提出了降低能耗的措施。通過對管道的能效分析找出管道中能效較低的管段,分析了某些月份管道能效較低的原因,結(jié)合能效分析的結(jié)果提出管道中設(shè)備單元改進(jìn)的建議。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, energy has become the focus of development. Countries have been increasing the exploration and development of traditional and new energy sources, and at the same time, actively researching and exploring energy-saving technologies to improve energy efficiency.With the rapid development of natural gas industry in China, many long-distance natural gas pipelines have been built, thus forming a complicated natural gas pipeline network system.Over the years, some experience has been accumulated in the operation and management of natural gas pipelines. However, compared with the developed countries, the natural gas pipelines in China have the disadvantages of high energy consumption, but the domestic research on this aspect is less.Due to the change of gas source temperament and the adjustment of natural gas transport volume and distribution the energy consumption of Yumqi long distance gas pipeline fluctuates and brings difficulties to the energy saving management of the pipeline.Based on this background, the research topic of this paper is put forward, and the following contents are studied:In order to calculate accurately the energy consumption of pipeline, it is necessary to describe the performance of centrifugal compressor, which is the most important energy dissipation component in pipeline.According to the performance curve of compressor design condition in the data, the characteristic equation under actual working condition is solved. The concrete steps are as follows: firstly, the performance curve of compressor under design condition is numerically calculated;After that, the characteristic parameters under the design condition are transformed into the parameters under the actual working condition by using the similarity conversion principle, and the characteristic parameters under the actual working condition are fitted to the characteristic equations about the speed and flow rate by using the "stepwise fitting method".The theoretical energy consumption of the compressor in a certain period of time is calculated according to the compressor characteristic equation under the actual working conditions, and compared with the actual energy consumption of the compressor in that time period, then the error cause analysis is carried out, and the error correction method is put forward.On the basis of this, the energy consumption per unit turnover of pipeline is calculated.The influencing factors of energy consumption of compressor and pipe segment are extracted and fitted to the compressor shaft power to judge the degree of influence of each factor on energy consumption.The calculation program is compiled by Excel-VBA to calculate the physical parameters of natural gas, the flow rate of compressor and the actual operating parameters of compressor, and then calculate the energy consumption of compressor.According to the characteristics of energy consumption structure of Yuqi pipeline, a suitable energy efficiency index system was established, and the energy efficiency index was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the energy efficiency level of each equipment unit in the pipeline.Through the above research work, the program has realized the accurate calculation of the compressor energy consumption in Yulin first station.The main factors affecting pipeline energy consumption are determined and the measures to reduce energy consumption are put forward.Based on the analysis of pipeline energy efficiency, the paper finds out the lower energy efficiency section of pipeline, analyzes the reasons of low efficiency in some months, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement of equipment unit in pipeline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE973

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本文編號：1763375