發(fā)布時間：2018-04-10 09:16

  本文選題：加氫空冷器　切入點：管束變形　出處：《浙江理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著石油資源的逐步枯竭，高硫、高酸、含氯等劣質原油的加工比例不斷增加，我國石化企業(yè)的重要生產(chǎn)設備空冷器頻繁出現(xiàn)了管束變形泄漏事故，嚴重威脅企業(yè)的安全生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟效益。針對空冷器頻繁出現(xiàn)的管束變形現(xiàn)象，如何分析確定其失效規(guī)律和腐蝕危害源，進行有效的腐蝕防控，是確保空冷器安全穩(wěn)定運行的關鍵。 本文以YZ芳烴廠加氫高壓空冷器出現(xiàn)的管束變形為研究對象，選擇典型運行工況，運用ASPEN進行過程工藝建模和物性仿真，根據(jù)管束失效現(xiàn)狀，結合垢物種類與來源研究，分析明確管束變形的腐蝕危害源，，并基于Eulerian-Lagrange方法建立腐蝕產(chǎn)物在空冷器內的流動沉積計算模型，對管束的堵塞形成過程進行數(shù)值模擬，揭示管束的堵塞變形過程；通過力學計算，對空冷器管束變形運行開展管束與管板連接強度、管束抗彎、抗拉強度等機械強度風險評估，并定量預測引起管束變形的臨界堵塞管數(shù)；同時通過實驗研究，對管束堵塞后發(fā)生的銨鹽垢下腐蝕進行風險評估；在管束變形原因及運行風險評估的基礎上，開展防控技術研究，設計開發(fā)基于空冷器管束防腐減堵的REAC實時診斷監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)，采用面向對象的編程思想，運用C#、Visual Basic匯編語言及MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫作為開發(fā)工具，研制開發(fā)包括遠程數(shù)據(jù)實時采集、ASPEN軟件接口技術、腐蝕失效控制體系建模、腐蝕失效類型診斷監(jiān)管在內的防控軟件，防止管束變形及腐蝕失效的發(fā)生。研究成果已在YZ芳烴廠進行工程示范應用，科學指導空冷器系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化運行。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：1）基于力學計算和腐蝕模擬實驗，實現(xiàn)對空冷管束變形運行風險的定量評估；2）提出防管束變形及腐蝕風險的完整性失效防控體系；3）針對空冷器管束變形原因及運行風險，提出基于REAC實時診斷監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的防控技術，實行信息化防控；隨著計算機技術的普及和發(fā)展，研究成果有望推廣應用于石化裝置，應用前景廣闊。本文的研究成果可為石化管束類設備的管束變形，變形運行風險及安全防控技術研究提供理論依據(jù)，具有一定的學術和工程應用價值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual depletion of petroleum resources and the increasing proportion of crude oil with high sulfur, high acid, chlorine and other inferior crude oil processing, the air cooler, an important production equipment of petrochemical enterprises in China, frequently occurs tube bundle deformation and leakage accidents.It is a serious threat to the safety of production and economic benefits of enterprises.In view of the frequent deformation phenomenon of tube bundle in air cooler, it is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of air cooler how to analyze and determine its failure law and corrosion hazard source, and how to carry out effective corrosion prevention and control.In this paper, the deformation of tube bundle in high pressure air cooler of hydrotreating in YZ aromatics plant is taken as the research object, the typical operation condition is selected, the process process modeling and physical property simulation are carried out by using ASPEN, and according to the failure situation of pipe bundle, the type and source of dirt are studied.The corrosion hazard source of tube bundle deformation is analyzed and the calculation model of corrosion product flow and deposition in air cooler is established based on Eulerian-Lagrange method. The formation process of tube bundle blockage is numerically simulated and the blockage deformation process of tube bundle is revealed.Through mechanical calculation, the mechanical strength risk assessment of tube bundle and tube-plate connection strength, tube bundle bending strength and tensile strength are carried out for the deformation operation of air cooler tube bundle, and the critical number of blocked tubes that cause tube bundle deformation is predicted quantitatively. At the same time, the experimental study is carried out.On the basis of the risk assessment of the corrosion under the scale of ammonium salt after the tube bundle clogging, the research on the prevention and control technology is carried out on the basis of the reason of the tube bundle deformation and the risk assessment of the operation, and the REAC real-time diagnosis and supervision system based on the air cooler tube bundle anticorrosion and blockage reduction is designed and developed.By using the object-oriented programming idea, the Visual Basic assembly language and the MySQL database are used as the development tools, the software interface technology including remote real-time data acquisition and Aspen, and the modeling of the corrosion failure control system are developed.Prevention and control software including corrosion failure type diagnosis and supervision to prevent tube bundle deformation and corrosion failure.The research results have been demonstrated and applied in YZ aromatics plant to guide the optimal operation of air cooler system scientifically.The innovation of this paper is that it is based on mechanical calculation and corrosion simulation experiments.To realize the quantitative evaluation of the operational risk of deformation of air-cooled pipe bundles (No. 2), the integrality failure prevention and control system for preventing tube bundles deformation and corrosion risk is put forward, which is aimed at the causes and operational risks of tube bundles deformation in air coolers.With the popularization and development of computer technology, the research results are expected to be popularized and applied in petrochemical plants with broad application prospects.The research results in this paper can provide the theoretical basis for the research of tube bundle deformation, deformation operation risk and safety prevention and control technology of petrochemical pipe bundle equipment, and have certain academic and engineering application value.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE96

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