發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-10 08:46

  本文選題：臨汾區(qū)塊　切入點(diǎn)：煤層氣　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤層氣作為一種非常規(guī)天然氣在油氣開(kāi)發(fā)中正扮演越來(lái)越重要的角色。臨汾區(qū)塊煤層厚度大,分布穩(wěn)定,含氣性好,煤層氣資源非常豐富,但是臨汾區(qū)塊的主力煤層氣資源所賦存的煤層埋深均在800m以深,屬于深部煤層氣。深部煤層氣的地質(zhì)條件與勘探開(kāi)發(fā)工藝相比淺層煤層氣資源開(kāi)發(fā)難度更高。由于埋藏較深,雖然經(jīng)過(guò)多年勘探,臨汾區(qū)塊煤層氣開(kāi)發(fā)仍然面臨著煤層地質(zhì)認(rèn)識(shí)與勘探開(kāi)發(fā)效果符合率低、氣井排采規(guī)律與淺部煤層氣排采規(guī)律差異大、單井產(chǎn)量低等問(wèn)題。本文針對(duì)臨汾區(qū)塊深部煤層氣資源開(kāi)發(fā),采用“地質(zhì)、工程、排采一體化”的非常規(guī)油氣研究思路,從地質(zhì)條件分析入手,全面認(rèn)識(shí)煤層地質(zhì)特征和煤層氣富集受控因素,以煤層氣地質(zhì)特征為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行鉆井、壓裂、排采工藝優(yōu)化研究,提出深部煤層氣開(kāi)發(fā)對(duì)策。通過(guò)對(duì)前期資源的收集并結(jié)合區(qū)域地質(zhì)概況,利用最新的鉆探成果,進(jìn)一步明確煤層厚度、埋深與頂板巖性。通過(guò)巖芯實(shí)驗(yàn),包括壓汞實(shí)驗(yàn)、全巖X衍射、薄片鑒定、干酪根鏡鑒等技術(shù)手段測(cè)定煤層的煤巖、煤質(zhì)特征以及巖石物理特性,分析煤層氣含氣量分布規(guī)律、煤層孔隙度與滲透率、等溫吸附特征,完善煤層氣成藏地質(zhì)條件認(rèn)識(shí)。通過(guò)對(duì)區(qū)塊已經(jīng)投產(chǎn)的所有井進(jìn)行產(chǎn)氣效果分析,并結(jié)合煤層及頂?shù)装鍘r性,對(duì)排采水和產(chǎn)出氣進(jìn)行分區(qū)綜合采樣,研究了區(qū)塊斷裂帶、煤巖煤質(zhì)與頂?shù)装鍘r性、水文地質(zhì)等影響煤層氣富集的地質(zhì)因素,明確了區(qū)塊煤層氣藏特征。在煤層氣地質(zhì)因素分析的基礎(chǔ)上再結(jié)合產(chǎn)氣效果,進(jìn)一步對(duì)鉆井、壓裂、排采工藝進(jìn)行針對(duì)性?xún)?yōu)化研究,明確了開(kāi)發(fā)井網(wǎng)部署原則,從井型、井身質(zhì)量、固井質(zhì)量、儲(chǔ)層保護(hù)等方面對(duì)鉆井工藝提出優(yōu)化;從煤巖特征、煤層含氣飽和度、頂板含水性與頂?shù)装鍘r石力學(xué)參數(shù)差異、煤層敏感性等地質(zhì)條件入手對(duì)壓裂工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;最后總結(jié)了區(qū)塊深部煤層氣排采設(shè)備適應(yīng)各種井況的不同選型,提出了“定量化排采”在管柱設(shè)計(jì)、臨界解吸控制、井網(wǎng)聯(lián)合排采、后期檢泵修井方面的實(shí)際應(yīng)用,并針對(duì)區(qū)塊嚴(yán)重影響生產(chǎn)的排采水量異常情況進(jìn)行了地質(zhì)分析和工程預(yù)防。
[Abstract]:As a kind of unconventional natural gas, coalbed methane is playing a more and more important role in oil and gas development.The coal seam in Linfen block is of large thickness, stable distribution, good gas content and abundant coal bed methane resources. However, the coal bed buried depth of the main coalbed methane resources in Linfen block is 800 m deep, which belongs to deep coalbed methane.The geological conditions of deep coalbed methane are more difficult to exploit than shallow coal bed methane resources.Because of deep burial, although after many years of exploration, the development of coalbed methane in Linfen block is still faced with problems such as low geological understanding of coal seam and low coincidence rate of exploration and development effect, big difference between the law of gas well drainage and shallow coal bed methane production, and low production rate of single well.In view of the exploitation of deep coalbed methane resources in Linfen block, this paper adopts the unconventional oil and gas research idea of "geology, engineering, drainage and production integration", starting with the analysis of geological conditions, fully understand the geological characteristics of coal seam and the controlled factors of coalbed methane enrichment.Based on the geological characteristics of coalbed methane, the optimization of drilling, fracturing and drainage techniques is studied, and the development countermeasures of deep coalbed methane are put forward.Through the collection of early resources and the combination of regional geological survey and the latest drilling results, the thickness of coal seam, the depth of burying and the lithology of roof are further determined.By means of core experiment, including mercury injection experiment, whole rock X-ray diffraction, thin section identification, kerogen mirror and so on, the coal rock, coal quality characteristics and rock physical characteristics of coal seam are determined, and the distribution law of gas content of coal bed methane is analyzed.Porosity and permeability of coal seam, isothermal adsorption characteristics and understanding of geological conditions of coalbed methane reservoir formation.By analyzing the gas production effect of all the wells that have been put into production in the block, and combining with the coal seam and the roof and bottom slate, the block fault zone, the coal and rock coal quality and the roof and bottom slate are studied.Hydrogeology and other geological factors affecting coalbed methane accumulation, the characteristics of coalbed methane reservoir in block are defined.On the basis of the analysis of geological factors of coalbed methane, combined with the gas production effect, further optimization of drilling, fracturing and production removal technology is carried out, and the principles of development well pattern deployment are defined, including well type, wellbore quality, cementing quality.The drilling technology is optimized from the aspects of reservoir protection, such as coal and rock characteristics, gas saturation of coal seam, difference of rock mechanics parameters between roof water content and roof and floor rock, coal seam sensitivity and other geological conditions.Finally, the selection of deep coalbed methane production equipment for various well conditions is summarized, and the practical application of "quantitative drainage" in pipe string design, critical desorption control, well pattern combined drainage, late inspection and pump workover is put forward.Geological analysis and engineering prevention are carried out to deal with the abnormal situation of drainage water quantity seriously affecting production in the block.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE37;P618.13

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