本文選題：誘導輪　切入點：環(huán)量分布　出處：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：低溫液化有效地解決了天然氣輸送不便與存儲困難的問題,在此過程中,LNG泵成為輸送流體的關鍵工具。低溫液體的空化極大影響了機組的穩(wěn)定運行,加裝誘導輪可有效地解決該問題�，F(xiàn)階段的誘導輪設計更加依賴設計者的經(jīng)驗,同時設計過程中忽略了熱力學效應對其性能的影響。因此,減少設計過程中對經(jīng)驗參數(shù)的依賴性,提高誘導輪設計過程的可控性,探討熱力學效應對誘導輪性能的影響顯得尤為重要。本文結合軸流泵相關研究,在原有設計方法基礎上,引入環(huán)量分布,完成誘導輪水力設計,通過數(shù)值模擬計算,研究其內部流動特性和空化特性,并通過改變流體介質,探討熱力學效應對泵性能的影響。本文研究內容如下:1.以基本流動方程為基礎,根據(jù)徑向平衡方程,給出了四種不同類型環(huán)量分布規(guī)律,并推導出相應的軸面速度分布,為水力設計提供理論依據(jù)。2.基于熱力學克拉珀龍-克勞修斯方程,結合空化過程中熱量轉化,推導出熱力學物性參數(shù)對誘導輪空化的影響,并分別以常溫清水和低溫LNG為工作介質,求解熱力學效應對誘導輪空化的具體影響。3.在原有設計方法基礎上,引入非線性環(huán)量分布理論,控制不同葉高處葉片進出口安放角,同時通過方程聯(lián)立轉化,減少設計過程中經(jīng)驗參數(shù)的選取,將設計選取經(jīng)驗參數(shù)轉為驗證參數(shù),進而完成誘導輪水力設計。4.采用PRO/E對設計的誘導輪、原誘導輪、離心輪和蝸殼進行三維造型,并按照一定的軸向間距和周向時序位置進行裝配。通過ANSYS軟件,以常溫清水為介質,進行定常數(shù)值模擬,計算結果表明,相較于原型誘導輪,新型誘導輪葉片表面靜壓分布梯度更顯著,環(huán)量分布對泵揚程影響不大,但對泵效率有一定的影響。5.以常溫清水為介質,對兩種模型泵進行空化數(shù)值模擬。計算結果發(fā)現(xiàn),新型泵空化性能較原型泵有了很大的提高,通過對空化發(fā)生前后葉片表面空泡體積分數(shù)的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)誘導輪可以提高泵汽蝕性能的主要原因在于其為離心輪入口提供的富余能量,其本身空化并不會對離心輪造成影響。并通過分析誘導輪出口至離心輪入口過渡段空泡分布的發(fā)展規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)過渡段內的壓力提升有效抑制了誘導輪空化所產生的空泡進一步發(fā)展。6.用LNG替代常溫清水,對新型泵進行空化數(shù)值模擬。計算結果表明,熱力學效應對泵空化有一定的抑制作用,但在利用以清水介質基礎上設計出的泵,在以LNG為流體介質時,泵空化性能有所下降。
[Abstract]:Cryogenic liquefaction effectively solves the problems of inconvenient transportation and storage of natural gas. In the process, LNG pump becomes a key tool for conveying fluid. Cavitation of cryogenic liquid greatly affects the stable operation of the unit. This problem can be solved effectively by adding inducer wheel. At present, the design of inducer wheel depends more on the designer's experience, and the influence of thermodynamic effect on its performance is neglected in the design process. It is very important to reduce the dependence of the experience parameters in the design process, to improve the controllability of the design process of the inducer wheel, and to discuss the influence of the thermodynamic effect on the performance of the inducer wheel. In this paper, combined with the related research of the axial flow pump, on the basis of the original design method, The hydrodynamic design of the inducer was completed by introducing the distribution of the annular volume. The internal flow and cavitation characteristics were studied by numerical simulation, and the fluid medium was changed. The effect of thermodynamic effect on pump performance is discussed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the basic flow equation and the radial equilibrium equation, the distribution laws of four different types of rings are given, and the corresponding axial velocity distribution is deduced. Based on the Clipperon-Clausius equation of thermodynamics and the heat transfer during cavitation, the influence of thermodynamic physical parameters on the induced wheel cavitation is deduced. The specific effect of thermodynamic effect on induced wheel cavitation is solved by using water at room temperature and LNG at low temperature as working media respectively. Based on the original design method, the nonlinear ring distribution theory is introduced to control the blade inlet and outlet angle of different blade heights. At the same time, through simultaneous transformation of equations to reduce the selection of empirical parameters in the design process, the design selection of empirical parameters into validation parameters, and then completed the hydraulic design of the inducer. 4. Using PRO/E to design the inducer wheel, the original inducer wheel, The centrifugal wheel and volute are modeled in three dimensions and assembled according to certain axial spacing and circumferential time sequence position. The steady numerical simulation is carried out by using ANSYS software, using clear water at room temperature as the medium. The calculation results show that, compared with the prototype induction wheel, The hydrostatic pressure distribution gradient on the surface of the new inducer blade is more significant, and the ring distribution has little effect on the pump head, but it has a certain effect on the pump efficiency. 5. The cavitation numerical simulation of the two kinds of model pumps is carried out using water at room temperature as the medium. The cavitation performance of the new type pump is greatly improved than that of the prototype pump. The cavitation volume fraction of the vane surface before and after cavitation is analyzed. It is found that the main reason why the inducer can improve the cavitation performance of the pump lies in the excess energy it provides to the inlet of the centrifugal wheel. The cavitation itself does not affect the centrifugal wheel, and the cavitation distribution of the transition section from the inducer exit to the inlet of the centrifugal wheel is analyzed. It is found that the pressure rise in the transition section effectively inhibits the further development of cavitation generated by induced wheel cavitation. The cavitation numerical simulation of the new pump is carried out using LNG instead of room temperature clean water. The thermodynamic effect can inhibit the cavitation of the pump to some extent, but the cavitation performance of the pump designed on the basis of the clear water medium is decreased when LNG is used as the fluid medium.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE974.1

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