本文選題：示功圖　切入點(diǎn)：泵效計算　出處：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國油田地質(zhì)情形復(fù)雜,大部分油井在一段時間的開采后會發(fā)生供液不足的情況。油井供液能力不足會導(dǎo)致有桿抽油系統(tǒng)排油量降低,影響抽油系統(tǒng)泵效,造成能源浪費(fèi)。如何準(zhǔn)確、及時地根據(jù)井下供液實(shí)況調(diào)整有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)是石油領(lǐng)域的重要研究方向。針對泵效低下的問題,本文主要進(jìn)行以下幾個方面的研究工作:(1)分析有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的工作原理,重點(diǎn)研究示功圖的相關(guān)概念,區(qū)分幾種典型的故障示功圖。作為判斷油井生產(chǎn)狀態(tài)的重要依據(jù),示功圖的參數(shù)測量與繪制直接影響泵效參數(shù)測量的準(zhǔn)確率。選擇CSF-3GB型載荷傳感器對抽油井的載荷參數(shù)進(jìn)行測量,設(shè)計載荷信號采集電路,對電路進(jìn)行仿真,驗(yàn)證其有效性。(2)通過示功圖載荷參數(shù)的提取,設(shè)定抽油系統(tǒng)模型的邊界條件和初始條件,建立有桿抽油系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用傅里葉變換方法對Gibbs波動方程求解,將地面載荷函數(shù)和位移函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為井下泵處的載荷函數(shù)和位移函數(shù),從而完成示功圖向泵功圖的轉(zhuǎn)換。最后,分析泵功圖中凡爾開閉點(diǎn)與有效沖程的關(guān)系。采用五點(diǎn)曲率法計算泵功圖的曲率變化率,確定柱塞的有效沖程,通過有效沖程計算有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的泵效。(3)研究有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的泵效控制策略。建立基于電壓空間矢量(SVPWM)的異步電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)模型。通過調(diào)節(jié)抽油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速,使有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的沖次與油井供液狀態(tài)匹配,提高系統(tǒng)泵效。使用Matlab/Simulink搭建基于SVPWM的異步電機(jī)矢量控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型,通過仿真來驗(yàn)證矢量控制系統(tǒng)的有效性。(4)設(shè)計實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,搭建有桿抽油系統(tǒng)的泵效控制實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺,對實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,對比實(shí)驗(yàn)前后抽油系統(tǒng)的泵效,驗(yàn)證泵效控制系統(tǒng)的有效性。
[Abstract]:The geological conditions of oil fields in our country are complex, most oil wells will have insufficient fluid supply after a period of production. The lack of liquid supply capacity in oil wells will lead to the decrease of oil discharge of the rod pumping system, which will affect the pump efficiency of the pumping system. How to adjust the operating state of the rod pumping system accurately and timely according to the downhole liquid supply is an important research direction in the petroleum field. This paper mainly analyzes the working principle of the rod pumping system in the following aspects: 1) analyzes the related concepts of the indicator diagram, distinguishes several typical fault indicator diagrams, and serves as an important basis for judging the production state of the oil well. The parameter measurement and drawing of indicator chart directly affect the accuracy of pump efficiency parameter measurement. The load parameters of pumping well are measured by CSF-3GB load sensor, and the load signal acquisition circuit is designed, and the circuit is simulated. The validity of the model is verified by extracting load parameters from the indicator diagram, setting up the boundary conditions and initial conditions of the pumping system model, establishing the mathematical model of the sucker rod pumping system, and solving the Gibbs wave equation by using the Fourier transform method. The surface load function and displacement function are transformed into the load function and displacement function of the underground pump, so as to complete the conversion from the indicator diagram to the pump work diagram. Finally, This paper analyzes the relationship between the opening and closing points of the pump work diagram and the effective stroke. The curvature change rate of the pump work diagram is calculated by the five-point curvature method, and the effective stroke of the plunger is determined. The pump efficiency control strategy of rod pumping system is studied by calculating the pump efficiency of rod pumping system by effective stroke. A vector control system model of asynchronous motor based on voltage space vector SVPWM is established. The speed of pumping unit is adjusted by adjusting the speed of pumping unit. The pump efficiency is improved by matching the pumping times of rod pumping system with the state of oil well supply. The simulation model of vector control system of asynchronous motor based on SVPWM is built with Matlab/Simulink, and the validity of vector control system is verified by simulation. The experimental platform of pumping efficiency control of rod pumping system is built. The experimental data are analyzed and the pump efficiency of pumping system before and after the experiment is compared to verify the effectiveness of the pump efficiency control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE933

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