本文選題：天然氣　切入點(diǎn)：汽液相平衡　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：天然氣主要成分是甲烷,除此之外還含有其他烴類組分(乙烷、丙烷、丁烷等)以及各種非烴組分(氮?dú)�、氦氣、二氧化碳、硫化氫和水�?。非烴組分是天然氣中非常重要的組成部分。實(shí)現(xiàn)天然氣中非烴組分與甲烷的分離,不僅可以提高天然氣的利用效率,還可以產(chǎn)生附加的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,對(duì)天然氣的開發(fā)和利用具有重要的意義。而對(duì)天然氣中的非烴組分進(jìn)行分離的過程設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化涉及到相平衡的相關(guān)知識(shí),因此,開展對(duì)天然氣中甲烷和非烴組分的相平衡研究對(duì)天然氣工業(yè)的發(fā)展具有重要意義�；谝陨峡紤],本文對(duì)甲烷和天然氣中常見的非烴組分N2、C02以及具有珍貴價(jià)值的Ar的混合物的汽液相平衡開展研究工作,主要研究內(nèi)容有以下幾部分:(1)基于對(duì)現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)的大量調(diào)研,將初期研究到近年來發(fā)表的可查閱的所有關(guān)于甲烷與非烴組分(N2、C02、Ar)汽液相平衡研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了匯總,并對(duì)前人的研究范圍、實(shí)驗(yàn)方法以及理論計(jì)算方法等進(jìn)行了總結(jié),為后續(xù)的研究提供有力的指導(dǎo)。(2)基于相平衡理論自行編寫程序,采用四種狀態(tài)方程(SRK,PR,PRSV,NM)和五種混合法則(vdW,HV,MHV1,MHV2,LCVM)建立模型,系統(tǒng)性地對(duì)所獲取的大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián),對(duì)比分析了不同計(jì)算模型的預(yù)測(cè)能力。經(jīng)比較發(fā)現(xiàn):MHV1混合法則和PR狀態(tài)方程對(duì)于天然氣中不同類型的混合物在不同溫度下的汽液相平衡均具有較高的關(guān)聯(lián)精度,而其他混合法則(vdW,HV,MHV2,LCVIM)和狀態(tài)方程(SRK,PRSV,NM)則具有一定的局限性。與此同時(shí),在相平衡計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上,利用獲取的模型參數(shù)對(duì)甲烷和非烴組分的熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行深入的分析與討論。另外還對(duì)天然氣中混合物的臨界點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了研究,給出了能夠精確預(yù)測(cè)甲烷和非烴組分混合物臨界點(diǎn)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法,并對(duì)不同的混合體系給出了優(yōu)化的模型參數(shù)。(3)本文對(duì)原有實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置存在的問題進(jìn)行了深入的剖析,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了改進(jìn)措施:采用自制的循環(huán)泵代替原來的液相泵、改進(jìn)保溫方法以及減小排空管路段的死體積,從而提高了實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置的可靠性和實(shí)驗(yàn)效率。用改進(jìn)后的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置獲取了甲烷和氬氣在95K～135K溫度范圍內(nèi)的相平衡實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)(此溫區(qū)的相平衡數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于甲烷和氬氣的低溫分離操作的設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化具有非常重要的作用),并用相平衡物理模型對(duì)其二元混合物的熱力性能進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析與討論,為后續(xù)的研究提供可靠的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The main component of natural gas is methane, in addition to containing other hydrocarbons (ethane, propane, butane, etc.) as well as a variety of non hydrocarbon components (nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and water etc.). Non hydrocarbon is a very important part of natural gas. The non hydrocarbon separation and the methane in natural gas, not only can improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas, also can produce additional economic value, has an important significance to the development and utilization of natural gas. The related knowledge, while the non hydrocarbon components in natural gas for process design and optimization of separation involves phase equilibrium so on the methane in natural gas and non hydrocarbon phase equilibrium study on the development of natural gas industry has important significance. Based on the above considerations, the common non hydrocarbon of methane in natural gas and N2 gas liquid mixture C02 and has precious value of Ar phase The balanced development of research work, the main research contents are as follows: (1) a lot of research on the existing literature on the basis of the initial research to be published in recent years can be found in all about methane and non hydrocarbon components (N2, C02, Ar) vapor-liquid equilibrium experimental data of the study are summarized, and the previous studies, experimental methods and theoretical calculation methods were summarized, to provide effective guidance for the subsequent research. (2) based on the phase equilibrium theory of self programming, using four kinds of equation of state (SRK, PR, PRSV, NM) and five (vdW, HV, the mixing rule of MHV1, MHV2. LCVM) model, are systematically related to a large number of experimental data obtained by the comparative analysis of the prediction ability of different models. It is found that: MHV1 mixing rule and PR equation of state for liquid vapor complexes at different temperatures with different types of natural gas in phase equilibrium were Associated with high precision, and other mixing rule (vdW, HV, MHV2, LCVIM) and the equation of state (SRK, PRSV, NM) has some limitations. At the same time, based on the calculation of phase equilibrium, in-depth analysis and Discussion on methane and non hydrocarbon components using thermodynamic properties model to obtain the parameters. In addition to the mixture of natural gas in the critical point of research, gives accurate predictions of the experience method of methane and non hydrocarbon mixture critical point, and to give the mixed system of different model parameters were optimized. (3) this paper analyses the existing problems of the original experimental device on this basis, the improvement measures are put forward: using self-made circulating pump instead of liquid pump, improve insulation method and reduce the dead volume of exhaust pipe sections, thereby improving the reliability of the experimental apparatus and experiment with the improved efficiency. The experimental device for obtaining methane and argon in 95K ~ 135K in the temperature range of the phase equilibrium experimental data (plays a very important role in the design and optimization of phase equilibrium data in this temperature region for low temperature separation of methane and argon, and the) by phase equilibrium thermodynamic performance of the physical model of the Qi Eryuan mixture are analyzed and discussed in detail, providing a reliable basis for the follow-up study.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE642

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