發(fā)布時間：2018-03-18 05:25

  本文選題：油頁巖　切入點：原位裂解　出處：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：油頁巖原位裂解需要通過壓裂方式為熱載體及油頁巖裂解產(chǎn)生的頁巖油氣提供可以運移的通道。油頁巖原位裂解技術(shù)需要在一種高溫高壓的條件下進行,油頁巖裂解時反應區(qū)域外的地下水難免通過水力壓裂產(chǎn)生的裂隙進入反應區(qū)域造成熱介質(zhì)大部分熱量被地下水吸收而影響油頁巖的裂解,另外,油頁巖裂解產(chǎn)物隨地下水遷移到外界環(huán)境中會造成土壤及水環(huán)境的污染。針對以上問題本文提出一種油頁巖原位裂解止水注漿封閉技術(shù)及注漿材料配方,意在為油頁巖原位裂解提供一個封閉空間避免以上問題的發(fā)生,進而提高能量利用率,減少油頁巖原位開采對環(huán)境的污染。本文首先對油頁巖裂隙的形成過程及形態(tài)進行了分析,認為農(nóng)安油頁巖壓裂后裂隙大多以平行于油頁巖層理方向存在,裂隙高度大多數(shù)為0.16mm,且裂隙中存在大量支撐劑。與普通裂隙不同此時的油頁巖裂隙類似于多孔介質(zhì)。由于油頁巖原位開采工藝需要在高溫高壓下的環(huán)境中進行,且油頁巖裂隙小于0.2mm,此條件下普通硅酸鹽水泥注漿材料及化學注漿材料并不適合用于油頁巖裂隙注漿施工。經(jīng)過初選確定了注漿材料配方組成為特種超細水泥、微硅、羥丙基甲基纖維素、葡萄糖酸鈉。通過四水平三因素正交試驗對配方漿液的析水率、結(jié)石率、粘度、漿液流變性能、結(jié)石體單軸抗壓強度進行了測試與分析,最終確定了最優(yōu)配方為微硅摻量為10‰,羥丙甲基纖維素摻量為0.6‰,葡萄糖酸鈉摻量為0.6‰,水灰比為0.8。利用FLUENT對配方漿液在油頁巖裂隙中的擴散規(guī)律進行了研究。實際油頁巖層注漿施工中,為了防止在反應區(qū)域周圍注漿時漿液通過裂隙進入到反應區(qū)域?qū)⒎磻獏^(qū)域的裂隙堵塞影響油頁巖原位裂解進程,需要在注漿的同時繼續(xù)注高壓氣體。因此在數(shù)值模擬時考慮了注氣壓力對漿液擴散半徑的影響,數(shù)值模擬研究水灰比、注漿壓力、裂隙高度及注氣壓力對漿液擴散范圍的影響。將含有支撐劑的裂隙簡化為多孔介質(zhì)模型,經(jīng)過大量的數(shù)值模擬確定以上因素對漿液的擴散均有影響,其中注漿壓力、水灰比和注氣壓力對漿液擴散半徑影響較大。注漿時由于高壓氣體的作用漿液擴散呈扇形分布,分布的形狀與注氣壓力和注漿時間有關(guān)。裂隙高度為0.16mm,水灰比為1.2,注漿壓力為0.8MPa,注氣壓力為0.8MPa時,注漿時間為20min漿液最大擴散半徑為0.57m,最小擴散半徑為0.28m。為取得農(nóng)安油頁巖基地注漿施工所需的地下水文資料,使用高密度電阻率法和井間彈性波CT兩種方法對農(nóng)安油頁巖基地進行了物探,結(jié)果表明在測線160m~420m內(nèi)存在明顯的富水構(gòu)造,該構(gòu)造NE40°左右。通過對項目區(qū)周圍地下水調(diào)查獲知地下水自西南向東北方向流動,流動方向大約北偏東42°。針對調(diào)查結(jié)果對項目區(qū)止水注漿方案進行了設(shè)計,提出了一種油頁巖原位裂解封閉式止水注漿技術(shù),此項技術(shù)主要內(nèi)容是在項目區(qū)開采區(qū)域迎水方向上游設(shè)立封閉式止水帷幕注漿區(qū),在油頁巖底板及頂板進行注漿形成一個封閉的區(qū)域。根據(jù)壓水試驗獲得的巖層的透水率及室內(nèi)試驗所測的配方漿液的參數(shù)對注漿施工的擴散半徑、注漿孔位的距離及布置進行了設(shè)計。根據(jù)封閉式止水注漿技術(shù)的設(shè)計方案,在農(nóng)安油頁巖原位開采先導試驗工程基地進行了止水注漿試驗。通過I序、II序注漿孔的施工對油頁巖底板、油頁巖層、油頁巖頂板進行了為期20天的注漿施工,施工結(jié)束后對試驗區(qū)各段巖層透水率進行了檢測,檢測結(jié)果表明試驗區(qū)內(nèi)的各段巖層透水率大幅度下降,注漿止水效果明顯,達到了止水注漿形成封閉系統(tǒng)的目的。
[Abstract]:In situ pyrolysis of oil shale to shale oil and gas by fracturing as heat carrier and oil shale pyrolysis production provides the migration channels of oil shale in situ pyrolysis technology is required in a high temperature and high pressure conditions, the oil shale pyrolysis reaction area of groundwater through hydraulic fracturing is generated into the reaction zone caused by thermal crack most of the heat medium absorbed by groundwater and the influence of oil shale pyrolysis, in addition, rock pyrolysis products of oil shale with the groundwater migration to the external environment will cause soil and water pollution. In view of the above problems, this paper presents a closed pyrolysis of oil shale in-situ sealing grouting formula technology and grouting material, is intended to provide a closed space to avoid the above the problem for oil shale in situ pyrolysis, and improve energy efficiency, reduce the oil shale in situ mining firstly, the pollution of the environment. The formation process and morphology analyses of oil shale fractured, fractured shale fracturing that Nongan oil shale mostly existed in the direction parallel to the slit height, for the majority of 0.16mm, there are a lot of proppant and fracture. The fracture is different from ordinary oil shale fracture is similar to porous media. Because of the oil shale in situ the mining process needs under high pressure and high temperature environment, and oil shale fracture is less than 0.2mm, under the condition of ordinary portland cement grouting material and chemical grouting material is not suitable for oil shale fracture grouting construction. After the primaries to determine the grouting material composition for special superfine cement, silicon, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, sodium gluconate. Through the analysis of water four factors and three levels orthogonal test of formula of slurry rate, stone rate, viscosity, rheological properties of the slurry, the uniaxial compressive strength of stone body for testing With the analysis, and ultimately determine the optimal formula for silicon content is 10 per thousand, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose content was 0.6 per thousand, the dosage of sodium gluconate was 0.6 per thousand, the water cement ratio is 0.8. by FLUENT studied diffusion formula of slurry in oil shale fracture. The actual oil shale layer grouting construction in order to prevent, in the reaction zone around the grouting through cracks into the reaction zone will reflect regional fracture blocking effect of oil shale in-situ pyrolysis process, need to continue to inject gas at high pressure grouting at the same time. So the numerical simulation considering the gas injection pressure of grout diffusion radius, numerical simulation of water cement ratio, grouting the pressure effect of fracture height and gas injection pressure of slurry diffusion range. Containing proppant fracture is simplified as porous media model, after a large number of numerical simulation to determine the above factors on slurry diffusion were The effects of grouting pressure, water cement ratio and gas injection pressure of grout diffusion radius of influence. When grouting slurry due to high pressure gas diffusion fan-shaped distribution, shape distribution and gas injection pressure and grouting time. The fracture height is 0.16mm, water cement ratio is 1.2, the grouting pressure is 0.8MPa, the gas injection pressure 0.8MPa, grouting time is 20min maximum grout diffusion radius is 0.57M, the minimum radius of 0.28m. diffusion into underground hydrological data with the required oil shale base grouting Nong'an, using high density resistivity method and cross hole elastic wave CT two method of geophysical exploration of oil shale agricultural base, results show that there is abundant water the obvious in line 160m~420m, the construction of NE40 degrees. Learn the groundwater flow from the southwest to the northeast direction through the surrounding of groundwater investigation, flow direction about the North East 42 degrees. According to the investigation. The fruit of the project area water grouting scheme was designed, put forward a kind of oil shale in situ pyrolysis of closed type sealing grouting technology, the main contents of this technology is the establishment of a closed curtain grouting project area in the upstream mining area in the water direction, floor and roof of oil shale in grouting to form a closed area. According to the measured parameters of slurry diffusion radius formula of permeability and indoor test water pressure test of rock in grouting construction, distance and arrangement of grouting hole is designed. According to the design scheme of sealing grouting technology is closed, the sealing grouting test in Nongan oil shale in situ mining pilot project base. Through the I sequence, II sequence and construction of grouting holes of oil shale oil shale oil shale layer, floor, roof of grouting construction for a period of 20 days, the rate of each test area after the construction of permeable strata The test results show that the permeability of each section in the test area is greatly decreased, and the effect of grouting is very obvious, which achieves the purpose of sealing the system by water injection and grouting.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD83

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本文編號：1628211