本文選題：油井產(chǎn)出液　切入點(diǎn)：預(yù)脫水　出處：《北京石油化工學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著油田進(jìn)入開采的中后期,油井產(chǎn)出液中的含水率日益升高,給后續(xù)油氣集輸處理環(huán)節(jié)帶來(lái)了較大壓力,采用傳統(tǒng)的容器式重力分離技術(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)出液預(yù)脫水由于分離效率低、投資成本高等原因受到較大限制;此外,隨著海洋油氣資源的大力開發(fā),受限于海上平臺(tái)甲板空間和載重能力,傳統(tǒng)處理方法和容器式重力分離設(shè)備難以滿足設(shè)計(jì)施工要求,因此研究開發(fā)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、性能高效的油井產(chǎn)出液預(yù)脫水技術(shù)意義重大。本文在系統(tǒng)總結(jié)油水分離用靜態(tài)水力旋流器研究及應(yīng)用進(jìn)展情況的基礎(chǔ)上,以軸向入口水力旋流器作為研究對(duì)象,結(jié)合常規(guī)切向入口水力旋流器的設(shè)計(jì)方法,提出了軸向入口水力旋流器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)思路,借助計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(CFD)軟件FLUENT驗(yàn)證了可行性,并通過(guò)數(shù)值正交試驗(yàn)研究了部分結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)分離性能的影響。基于建立的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方法,設(shè)計(jì)了處理量為30m3/h的軸向入口水力旋流器工程樣機(jī),借助FLUENT軟件、通過(guò)單因素?cái)?shù)值試驗(yàn)探究了主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)分離性能的影響,篩選得到了最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)組合,并基于該最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合探究了不同操作參數(shù)對(duì)分離性能的影響。根據(jù)單因素?cái)?shù)值試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,采用響應(yīng)曲面法(RSM)對(duì)影響分離性能的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到工程樣機(jī)的整體最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)組合。為了評(píng)估軸向入口水力旋流器的分離特性,同時(shí)為工程樣機(jī)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)提供參考,設(shè)計(jì)研制了小處理量室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)樣機(jī)。首先比較了高含油油水混合液的不同配制方案,并最終確定貼近工程實(shí)際的方案;其次,研究了處理量、分流比和出水口背壓對(duì)分離性能的影響,得到軸向入口水力旋流器運(yùn)行時(shí)的最優(yōu)處理量和分流比范圍。結(jié)果表明,處理量在100%~120%設(shè)計(jì)處理量、分流比在10%~15%入口進(jìn)液量時(shí),分離效果較好。為了解決試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中出水口含油濃度較高的問(wèn)題,采取增加小錐段長(zhǎng)度的改進(jìn)措施,有效改善了分離效果。本文的理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究工作為油井產(chǎn)出液預(yù)脫水用軸向入口水力旋流器的研制提供了技術(shù)參考,為下一步產(chǎn)品的工程化和系列化開發(fā)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the oil field entering the middle and late stage of production, the water cut in the oil well output fluid is increasing day by day, which brings great pressure to the subsequent oil and gas gathering and transportation processing. Because of the low separation efficiency and high investment cost, the traditional container gravity separation technology is used to realize the pre-dehydration of the output liquid. In addition, with the development of marine oil and gas resources, Limited by the deck space and load capacity of offshore platform, traditional treatment methods and container gravity separation equipment are difficult to meet the requirements of design and construction, so the research and development structure is compact. It is of great significance to pre-dewatering the oil well output liquid with high performance. On the basis of systematically summarizing the research and application progress of the static hydrocyclone for oil-water separation, the axial inlet hydrocyclone is taken as the research object in this paper. Combined with the design method of conventional tangential inlet hydrocyclone, the structural design idea of axial inlet hydrocyclone is put forward. The feasibility is verified by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. The influence of some structural parameters on the separation performance is studied by numerical orthogonal test. Based on the established structural design method, an axial inlet hydrocyclone engineering prototype with a handling capacity of 30 m3 / h is designed, and the FLUENT software is used. The influence of the main structural parameters on the separation performance was investigated by single factor numerical experiments, and the optimal combination of structural parameters was obtained. Based on the optimal parameter combination, the influence of different operating parameters on the separation performance is explored. According to the results of single-factor numerical experiments, the main structural parameters affecting the separation performance are optimized by using the response surface method (RSM). In order to evaluate the separation characteristics of axial inlet hydrocyclone and to provide a reference for the field test of the engineering prototype, the overall optimal structural parameter combination of the engineering prototype is obtained. In this paper, the laboratory prototype of small treatment capacity is designed and developed. Firstly, the different preparation schemes of high oil, oil and water mixture are compared, and the scheme that is close to the engineering practice is finally determined; secondly, the treatment capacity is studied. The effect of flow ratio and outlet back pressure on the separation performance is obtained. The optimal treatment capacity and distribution ratio range of axial inlet hydrocyclone are obtained. The results show that when the treatment capacity is 100% and the flow ratio is 10% or 15%, the designed treatment capacity is 100% and the flow ratio is 10% or 15%. The separation effect is good. In order to solve the problem of high oil concentration in the outlet during the test, the improvement measures are taken to increase the length of the small cone section. The theoretical analysis and experimental research in this paper provide a technical reference for the development of axial inlet hydrocyclone for pre-dehydration of oil well output liquid and lay a foundation for the engineering and serialization development of the next product.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京石油化工學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X741;TE95

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