本文關鍵詞： 高溫高鹽 底水油藏 氮氣泡沫 壓錐　出處：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：底水油藏開發(fā)過程中的底水錐進問題一直阻礙著采收率的提高,嚴重時會出現(xiàn)暴性水淹,影響油井壽命。目前,氮氣泡沫在國內外油田的壓錐工作中取得了較好的效果,但大多應用于常規(guī)油藏。為進一步拓展氮氣泡沫壓錐的應用范圍,本論文針對塔河某高溫高鹽底水油藏(溫度為106～117℃,地層水礦化度為21.2×104mg/L),系統(tǒng)研究了氮氣泡沫的泡沫性能、流度控制能力、在多孔介質中的穩(wěn)定性以及壓錐效果。 本論文采用Waring Blender方法,在100℃、現(xiàn)場注入水的條件下,通過將非離子型起泡劑與兩性離子型起泡劑復配,形成了耐溫抗鹽泡沫體系一——NL,在此基礎上添加穩(wěn)泡劑,形成了耐溫抗鹽強化泡沫體系——NLW。NL在110℃(NLW在100℃).注入水條件下的起泡體積分別為520mL和350mL,析液半衰期分別為271s和2464s；前者在110℃老化,后者在100℃老化,120d后兩者的起泡體積分別為350mL和410mL,析液半衰期均為232s,NL較NLW擁有更好的泡沫穩(wěn)定性。 通過對NL性能進行系統(tǒng)評價發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)適當提高起泡劑濃度(0.1%-0.6%),有利于增加起泡體積,延長半衰期；(2)優(yōu)選出的泡沫體系具有鹽增效效應,隨著礦化度增加,半衰期不斷延長；(3)隨溫度增加,泡沫體系的起泡體積呈指數(shù)型遞增,半衰期呈多項式遞減,泡沫綜合指數(shù)呈多項式遞減；(4)隨壓力增加,泡沫體系的起泡體積呈對數(shù)遞增,半衰期呈多項式遞增；(5)隨原油加入量的增加,低濃度NL的起泡體積和半衰期不斷下降,提高其濃度可在一定程度上增強其耐油性；(6)優(yōu)選出的0.2%NL能降低原始油水界面張力,但降低幅度有限。 在120℃,現(xiàn)場注入水,回壓20MPa條件下,通過研究不同條件下耐溫抗鹽普通氮氣泡沫的流度控制能力發(fā)現(xiàn),氣液比為2：1,注入速度為3.5m/d時,其流度控制能力最強,并且?guī)r心滲透率越大,流度控制能力越強。通過研究氮氣泡沫在多孔介質中的穩(wěn)定性發(fā)現(xiàn),隨老化時間延長,氮氣泡沫的穩(wěn)定性逐漸下降；原油對氮氣泡沫的穩(wěn)定性影響較大,相同條件下老化5d,含油狀態(tài)下殘余阻力因子的降低幅度較無油狀態(tài)下增加56.93%；高溫對強化泡沫穩(wěn)定性較明顯,相同條件下老化5d,其殘余阻力因子降低幅度較耐溫抗鹽泡沫增加62.03%。 制備了底水油藏氮氣泡沫壓錐模型,并利用其對氮氣泡沫的應用條件進行優(yōu)化,結果表明,氮氣泡沫的注入時機越早、避水高度越高,氮氣泡沫壓錐的效果越好；在生產井位置注入0.5PV純泡沫段塞并燜井3d,氮氣泡沫壓錐的效果越好;同時在底水推進速度2.5-7.5m/d的范圍內,氮氣泡沫都能發(fā)揮較好的壓錐效果。 本文的研究為有助于深化對氮氣泡沫的理論認識,為塔河油田開展氮氣泡沫壓錐現(xiàn)場試驗奠定了工作基礎。
[Abstract]:Bottom water coning of bottom water reservoir development process into the problem has hindered the improvement of recovery rate, emergence of sudden water flooding will be serious, affect the service life of the oil well. At present, the work pressure cone of nitrogen foam at home and abroad in the oil field has achieved good results, but most of them are used in the conventional reservoir. In order to further expand the scope of application of nitrogen foam pressure cone, aiming at Tahe a high temperature and high salinity reservoir (temperature of 106~117 degrees centigrade, water salinity is 21.2 * 104mg/L), the system of nitrogen foam foam properties, mobility, stability in porous medium and pressure cone effect.
This paper uses Waring Blender method at 100 degrees, water injection conditions, the nonionic foaming agent and zwitterionic compound foaming agent, forming temperature and salt resistant foam system -- NL, based on the effect of foam stabilizing agent, forming temperature and salt resistance enhanced foam system -- NLW.NL at 110 degrees C (NLW at 100 DEG C). Injection foaming volume water conditions were 520mL and 350mL, the half-life of 271s and 2464s condensate respectively; the former 110 degrees in aging, aging in the latter 100 DEG C, 120d foaming volume both were 350mL and 410mL, the half-life of condensate liquid is 232s, foam NL has better stability than NLW.
Through the systematic evaluation of the performance of NL found: (1) increasing concentration of foaming agent (0.1%-0.6%), to increase the foaming volume and prolong the half-life; (2) foam system optimized with salt effects, as salinity increased, the half-life extend continuously; (3) with the increase of temperature, the foaming volume of foam system was increasing exponentially, the half-life of a polynomial is the polynomial decline, bubble index decline; (4) with the increase of pressure, the foam foaming volume is a logarithmic increase, half-life of a polynomial increase; (5) with the increase of crude oil adding amount, foaming volume and half-life of low concentration of NL decreased continuously, increase the concentration of enhance the oil resistance to a certain extent; (6) the optimized 0.2%NL can reduce the original oil-water interfacial tension, but the decrease is limited.
At 120 degrees C, injection water, back pressure under the condition of 20MPa, through research under different conditions of temperature and salt resistance of ordinary nitrogen foam mobility, gas-liquid ratio is 2:1, the injection rate is 3.5m/d, the mobility control ability is the strongest, and the greater the core permeability, mobility control ability is stronger. By nitrogen study on the stability of foam in porous medium, with aging time prolonged, the stability of nitrogen foam decreased gradually; crude oil on the stability of nitrogen foam greatly influence the aging of 5D under the same conditions, reducing the low residual resistance factor of oil under the condition of less oil increased by 56.93% under the condition of high temperature; to strengthen the foam stability is obvious, the same under the condition of aging 5D, the residual resistance factor decreased compared with temperature and salt resistant foam increased 62.03%.
Preparation of nitrogen foam reservoir with bottom water coning model, and the use of nitrogen foam application conditions were optimized. The results show that the nitrogen foam injection in early stage, the height of water avoidance is higher, the better the effect of nitrogen foam pressure cone; in the production well into the 0.5PV position of pure foam slug and soak 3D, the better the effect of nitrogen foam pressure cone; at the same time promote the speed of 2.5-7.5m/d within the range of water, nitrogen foam can exert pressure cone better effect.
The research in this paper is helpful to deepen the theoretical understanding of nitrogen foam and lay a foundation for the field test of nitrogen foam cone in Tahe oilfield.

【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.46

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