發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-23 04:38

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 層序地層 沉積相 志留系 塔里木盆地　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：綜合露頭剖面、巖心、測(cè)井和地震資料分析,運(yùn)用層序地層學(xué)和現(xiàn)代沉積學(xué)的理論和方法,對(duì)塔里木盆地志留系的層序地層和沉積體系進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析。取得了以下幾點(diǎn)成果與認(rèn)識(shí): 1、通過層序界面識(shí)別及其性質(zhì)分析,結(jié)合地震關(guān)鍵層序界面上下的地層接觸關(guān)系,依據(jù)盆地的充填演化以及古地貌格局的研究,建立塔里木盆地古生界志留系三級(jí)層序地層格架。將志留系劃分為2個(gè)二級(jí)層序、4個(gè)三級(jí)層序和8個(gè)體系域,識(shí)別出3種成因界面類型。在三級(jí)層序地層格架中,分析了地層的疊加樣式、轉(zhuǎn)換型式與分布范圍,歸納了不同沉積背景下的體系域構(gòu)成特征,構(gòu)建了潮坪、濱岸和三角洲層序地層模式。結(jié)合盆地構(gòu)演化背景和沉積動(dòng)力學(xué)過程分析,探討了各體系域的空間展布規(guī)律及其演化特征。研究認(rèn)為,基準(zhǔn)面在上升、下降和相對(duì)穩(wěn)定時(shí)期,依次發(fā)育退積型、進(jìn)積型和加積型3種層序組合樣式。通過對(duì)研究區(qū)的層序地層格架的對(duì)比和分析,總結(jié)了層序地層的形成和發(fā)育受控于構(gòu)造沉降、湖平面變化和古氣候3種要素。 2、分析了沉積相的成因類型及識(shí)別標(biāo)志,識(shí)別出了塔里木盆地古生界志留系主要發(fā)育潮坪、濱岸和辮狀河三角洲以及淺海陸棚等4種沉積體系。在層序格架內(nèi)對(duì)不同類型沉積體系以及巖性巖相特征、相序相構(gòu)成、地層疊加樣式進(jìn)行精細(xì)研究,歸納了層序地層格架內(nèi)的沉積體系組合類型、期次關(guān)系、分布范圍和空間展布特征及時(shí)空演化規(guī)律。并且探討了不同沉積背景下層序格架內(nèi)的沉積體系類型及其構(gòu)成特征和空間展布關(guān)系。進(jìn)一步總結(jié)了層序地層格架內(nèi)各類沉積砂體的演化規(guī)律。研究表明,sq1塔中地區(qū)主要以濱岸為主,局部發(fā)育潮坪沉積,巴楚地區(qū)為潮坪沉積為主,塔北地區(qū)主要以臨濱和陸棚沉積為主,塔東則以濱岸和辮狀河三角洲沉積為主。sq2塔北地區(qū)屬于淺海陸棚沉積,塔中-巴楚地區(qū)淺海陸棚和潮坪沉積為主。sq3以潮坪和陸棚沉積為主,僅在塔東和塔北局部發(fā)育有濱岸沉積。sq4以濱岸為主,局部發(fā)育潮坪和三角洲,其中塔北缺失此段。塔東總體以濱岸和辮狀河三角洲沉積為主。總體而言,塔里木盆地志留系海侵體系域發(fā)育退積為主伴隨有加積的濱岸沉積體系,高位體系域發(fā)育進(jìn)積為主伴隨有加積和侵蝕,發(fā)育潮坪沉積體系。 3、通過對(duì)塔里木盆地北部地區(qū)鋯石測(cè)年的研究,推測(cè)塔北中東部地區(qū)的物源主要來(lái)自阿爾金地區(qū)奧陶紀(jì)火成巖,塔北西部地區(qū)的物源主要來(lái)自塔北前寒武紀(jì)基地。
[Abstract]:Synthesizing outcrop profile, core, logging and seismic data analysis, applying theories and methods of sequence stratigraphy and modern sedimentology, The sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary system of Silurian in Tarim Basin are systematically analyzed. 1. Through the identification of sequence interface and the analysis of its properties, combined with the stratigraphic contact relation between the upper and lower key sequence interfaces of the earthquake, according to the filling evolution of the basin and the study of the paleogeomorphological pattern, The third-order sequence stratigraphic framework of Silurian in the Paleozoic of Tarim Basin was established. The Silurian was divided into two secondary sequences, four third-order sequences and eight system tracts, and three genetic interface types were identified. The superposition style, transformation type and distribution range of the strata are analyzed, and the system tracts under different sedimentary background are summarized, and the tidal flat is constructed. Seashore and delta sequence stratigraphic models. Based on the analysis of the tectonic evolution background and sedimentary dynamics of the basin, the spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of each system tract are discussed. It is considered that the base-level is rising, decreasing and relatively stable. Three types of sequence combination patterns are developed in turn: regressive type, precession type and accretion type. Based on the correlation and analysis of sequence stratigraphic framework in the study area, it is concluded that the formation and development of sequence stratigraphy are controlled by tectonic subsidence. Changes of lake level and paleoclimate. 2. The genetic types and identification criteria of sedimentary facies are analyzed, and the main tidal flat developed in Silurian of Paleozoic in Tarim Basin is identified. Four kinds of sedimentary systems, such as shoreline, braided river delta and shallow sea shelf, are studied in detail on different types of sedimentary systems, lithologic lithofacies, facies sequence facies composition and stratigraphic superposition style in sequence framework. The types of sedimentary system assemblages in sequence stratigraphic framework are summarized. The distribution range, spatial distribution characteristics and space-time evolution law are discussed. The types of sedimentary systems in the lower sequence framework of different sedimentary backgrounds, their composition characteristics and spatial distribution relations are discussed. The sequence stratigraphic framework is further summarized. The evolution of various types of sedimentary sand bodies. The tidal flat deposits are mainly developed in Bachu area, the littoral and shelf sediments are dominant in Tarim area, and the shoreline and braided river deltaic sediments are dominant in the east of Tarim Basin. In the Tazhong-Bachu area, the shallow sea shelf and tidal flat sediments are mainly. Sq3 is mainly tidal flat and shelf sedimentary, only in the east of Tarim and north of Tarim, there are mainly shoreline sediments .sq4, the tidal flat and delta are developed locally, and the tidal flat and deltas are mainly developed in Tazhong-Bachu area. In general, the Silurian transgressive system tract in the Tarim Basin is characterized by retrogression and accretion of the shoreline sedimentary system. The high level system tract is characterized by accumulation and erosion, and tidal flat sedimentary system. 3. Based on the study of zircon dating in the northern part of Tarim Basin, it is inferred that the provenance in the central and eastern part of Tarim is mainly from the Ordovician igneous rocks in Altun area, and that in the western part of Tarim Basin the provenance mainly comes from the Precambrian base in the north of Tarim Basin.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13

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