本文關鍵詞： 水平井 水力加壓原理 CZ 型水力加壓器 振動 拖壓　出處：《西安石油大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著油氣田開發(fā)難度增加,水平井鉆井技術應用越來越廣泛,然而由于水平井井眼軌跡的特殊性導致水平段鉆壓難以施加,形成“拖壓”問題,嚴重影響鉆井時效和鉆井安全。因此,提高水平段鉆壓對于解決拖壓問題至關重要。國內(nèi)外提出了兩類井下液壓傳動工具來解決拖壓問題,其中,以滑動式加壓的有連續(xù)管減摩器和水力加壓器,以旋轉式加壓的有液壓沖擊器。滑動式加壓存在易在水平段的下井壁堆積巖屑床的問題,而旋轉式液壓沖擊器存在結構設計復雜,應用成本高的問題。本文繼承前人研究,結合了滑動加壓和旋轉加壓兩類井下液壓傳動工具的優(yōu)點,以機械工程、水力學和振動學相關理論為基礎,設計了一種新型的旋沖式CZ型水力加壓器,該工具由多級增壓缸串聯(lián)構成,外部有旋轉滾珠,末級活塞缸設計安裝彈簧。使得工具在工作過程中既能以旋轉形式帶動水平段的巖屑順利返排,又能通過彈簧和活塞回程起到吸振作用,減緩了鉆柱的振動,保證了鉆頭施加鉆壓的平穩(wěn)性。最后,在設計了三種不同級數(shù)的CZ型水力加壓器的基礎上,研究了CZ型水力加壓器的對鉆頭的吸振理論,給出了CZ型水力加壓器和鉆頭振動關系式并進行求解;同時研究活塞的縱向振動和活塞桿的運動規(guī)律。通過實例計算結果表明,CZ型水力加壓器提高的鉆壓增量可超過原鉆壓的10%,有效提高了水平段鉆進效率。
[Abstract]:With the increasing difficulty of oil and gas field development, horizontal well drilling technology is more and more widely used. However, due to the particularity of horizontal wellbore trajectory, it is difficult to apply drilling pressure in horizontal section, thus forming the problem of "towing pressure". Therefore, it is very important to improve the horizontal drilling pressure to solve the towing problem. Two kinds of downhole hydraulic transmission tools are put forward to solve the towing problem. There are continuous pipe friction reducers and hydraulic pressure boosters with sliding pressure, and hydraulic impingers with rotary pressure. There is the problem of easy accumulation of cuttings bed on the bottom wall of horizontal section by sliding pressure. The rotary hydraulic impactor has the problems of complicated structure design and high application cost. This paper inherits the previous research and combines the advantages of two kinds of downhole hydraulic transmission tools, sliding pressure and rotary pressure, in order to mechanical engineering, Based on the related theories of hydraulics and vibration, a new type of rotary impact CZ type hydraulic charger is designed. The tool is composed of multi-stage pressurized cylinders in series, and there are rotating balls on the outside. The design and installation of spring for the final piston cylinder makes the tool not only drive the cuttings of horizontal section smoothly in the form of rotation, but also absorb vibration through spring and piston return, thus slowing down the vibration of drill string. Finally, on the basis of designing three different series of CZ type hydraulic pressure booster, the theory of the CZ type hydraulic pressure regulator to the bit is studied. The relationship between CZ type hydraulic charger and bit vibration is given and solved. At the same time, the longitudinal vibration of the piston and the motion law of the piston rod are studied. The results of practical calculation show that the increment of drilling pressure increased by CZ type hydraulic charger can exceed 10% of the original drilling pressure, and the drilling efficiency of horizontal section is improved effectively.
【學位授予單位】：西安石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE242

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