本文關鍵詞： 吊管機 有限元分析 剛柔耦合 試驗驗證　出處：《江蘇科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：吊管機屬于石油管道用特種起重施工設備。隨著施工環(huán)境復雜程度的增加,對吊管機起吊能力的要求也不斷提升。吊管機關鍵構件的工作狀態(tài),靜、動態(tài)特性與整機性能和壽命有直接關系。另一方面為了避免工作過程中產生安全隱患和提高工作效率,所以針對吊管機關鍵部位進行研究分析、優(yōu)化和試驗驗證是十分有必要的,通過這些工作還驗證了設計的合理性,并且能夠為大噸位吊管機設計與改進提供了指導,是具有實際意義的。本文以TP45型履帶式吊管機樣機為主體,首先確定了行走裝置、吊臂、配重機構為本文的主要研究對象,結合吊管機的主要技術參數(shù)和關鍵結構的工作原理,利用三維建模技術對整機主要零部件進行建模和裝配。然后通過理論計算,分析履帶行走裝置在實際工況中的受力,為行走裝置的設計提供了理論基礎。吊臂是履帶式吊管機的關鍵部件,它的強度和重量能夠影響到起吊性能的好壞。根據(jù)履帶式吊管機的施工特點,以TP45型履帶式吊管機吊臂為研究對象,利用ANSYS軟件對其結構進行了載荷計算和有限元建模分析,通過校核等效應力值、變形量和許用值的大小,得出吊臂強度和剛度符合設計要求,最后通過試驗進行驗證。在此基礎上,以吊臂總體積為目標函數(shù),通過APDL語言用函數(shù)逼近法對吊臂尺寸進行優(yōu)化設計,得出最優(yōu)解,使設計更加合理,結果表明有限元分析方法具有一定的可行性和參考性,能夠有效地避免大量的型式試驗工作,對吊管機吊臂的改進和制造起到一定指導作用。配重機構作為吊管機的平衡傾翻力矩重要機構,該機構在各種工況下反復外擺和收起,其結構的合理性與關鍵部位強度直接影響到起吊性能的好壞以及施工作業(yè)安全性和可靠性。建立該機構模型和動力學方程后,通過導入柔性化零件建立機構的剛柔耦合模型,仿真后得到液壓油缸推力隨時間變化曲線和關鍵部位上連桿最危險時刻,對比分析試驗值和理論計算值,驗證仿真結果的正確性和校核了上連桿的強度。研究為樣機中配重機構的設計和可靠性研究提供了指導方向。
[Abstract]:Pipe hoisting machine belongs to special lifting construction equipment for oil pipeline. With the increasing complexity of construction environment, the requirements for hoisting capacity of pipe hoisting machine are constantly raised. The dynamic characteristics are directly related to the performance and life of the whole machine. On the other hand, in order to avoid the hidden danger of safety and improve the working efficiency, the key parts of the pipe lifting machine are studied and analyzed. It is necessary to optimize and test and verify the rationality of the design, which can provide guidance for the design and improvement of the large-tonnage pipe crane. This paper takes the prototype of TP45 type crawler pipe crane as the main body, determines the walking device, the boom and the counterweight mechanism as the main research object of this paper, and combines the main technical parameters and the working principle of the key structure of the pipe crane. Using 3D modeling technology to model and assemble the main parts of the whole machine, and then through theoretical calculation, analyze the force of the crawler walking device in the actual working condition, This paper provides a theoretical basis for the design of the walking device. The boom is the key component of the crawler hoist, and its strength and weight can affect the performance of the hoisting. According to the construction characteristics of the crawler hoist, Taking the cantilever of TP45 type crawler pipe crane as the research object, the load calculation and finite element modeling analysis of the structure are carried out by using ANSYS software, and the magnitude of the equivalent effect force, deformation and allowable value are checked by checking the value of the effect force, the deformation and the allowable value. It is concluded that the strength and stiffness of the boom meet the design requirements, and finally verified by experiments. On the basis of this, the total volume of the boom is taken as the objective function, and the size of the boom is optimized by using the function approximation method in APDL language, and the optimal solution is obtained. The results show that the finite element analysis method is feasible and referential, and can effectively avoid a large number of type tests. The counterweight mechanism, as an important mechanism of balancing and overturning moment of the pipe hoisting machine, is repeatedly swung out and rearranged under various working conditions. The rationality of the structure and the strength of the key parts directly affect the performance of hoisting and the safety and reliability of the construction operation. After the establishment of the mechanism model and the dynamic equation, the rigid-flexible coupling model of the mechanism is established by introducing the flexible parts. After simulation, the curve of hydraulic cylinder thrust varying with time and the most dangerous moment of connecting rod on the key position are obtained, and the experimental value and the theoretical calculation value are compared and analyzed. The simulation results are verified and the strength of the connecting rod is checked. The research provides a guide for the design and reliability research of the counterweight mechanism in the prototype.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE973.8

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本文編號：1525447