本文關(guān)鍵詞： 抽油井 動液面 回聲儀 氣體組分法 套管氣　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在油田的開發(fā)以及采油過程中,動液面是一個非常重要的參數(shù)。因此測量動液面值、控制泵掛深度在油田開采過程中十分關(guān)鍵,是實現(xiàn)油井穩(wěn)定工作、提高懫油效率的存效途徑之一。目前動液面測量主要利用回聲儀測量,該方法的傳統(tǒng)測量方式是利用油管節(jié)箍數(shù)和油管平均長度計算液面深度(簡稱“接箍法”),但由于接箍回波遺漏和油管長度不定的制約會導(dǎo)致較大的測量誤差,測量的實時性和精度難以保證,難提高產(chǎn)油效率。本文所描述的新型動液面測量方式有別于“接箍法”,而是利用汕、套管環(huán)空的氣體組分以及溫度分布、比熱容比、氣體壓縮因子等參數(shù),借助諾倫經(jīng)驗公式計算聲速分布,再根據(jù)聲波傳播的時間間隔,推出動液面深度(簡稱為“氣體組分法”)。本文基于“氣體組分法”測量原理,首先利用井溫儀傳感器測量套管伴生氣的溫度并初步繪制溫度分布圖:然后對套管內(nèi)不同深度的伴生天然氣進(jìn)行懫樣,將伴生氣樣品送入色譜分析儀進(jìn)行氣體的組分分析,同時使用比熱容比測定儀測量伴生氣體的比熱容比;之后根據(jù)氣體}D分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù),利用國標(biāo)GB17820-2012可以計算套管伴生氣的氣體比重和氣體壓縮因子重點繪制套管內(nèi)伴生氣體的溫度分布以及聲速分布,在Matlab環(huán)境K對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行仿真,最終與抽油井的現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對比分析�！皻怏w組分法”相比于"接箍法”,更加注重測井時的套管氣體信息,不用考慮接箍數(shù)量和套管長度,自動化程度更高,動液面數(shù)據(jù)的實時性也得到了保證,及時調(diào)整抽油泵深度以提高油井產(chǎn)量。但是該方法也有其不足之處,由于懫油過程中在井底動液面附近的壓力、溫度變化較為頻繁,這些都會影響到套管內(nèi)伴生氣體的組分,尤其是當(dāng)有天然氣析出時井底該部分氣體組分的變化更為明顯,對聲速數(shù)值大小的影響較大。這需要利用井底溫度傳感器和壓力傳感器的測量數(shù)據(jù)對動液面附近聲速估計做出修正,以期提高測量精度。本文還列舉出基于“氣體組分法”原理的全自動回聲儀,對某地油井動液面進(jìn)行實T精確測量的結(jié)果。利用該方法在實際懫油過程中已經(jīng)取得了良好效果,測量精度較高,促進(jìn)了汕井采油效率的提高,而且可以實現(xiàn)油井壓力恢復(fù)分析等諸多功能。
[Abstract]:Dynamic liquid level is a very important parameter in the process of oilfield development and oil recovery, so it is very important to measure the face value of dynamic fluid and control the depth of pump hanging in the process of oil field production, which is to realize the stable work of oil well. One of the ways to improve the efficiency of oil storage. At present, the dynamic liquid level measurement mainly uses echo meter to measure, The traditional measuring method of this method is to calculate the depth of liquid level by using tubing hoop number and average tubing length (abbreviated as "hoop method"), but due to the constraints of hoop echo omission and tubing length uncertainty, the measurement error will be greater. It is difficult to guarantee the real time and accuracy of the measurement and improve the oil production efficiency. The new dynamic liquid level measurement method described in this paper is different from the "coupling method". Instead, it uses the gas components in the casing annulus, the temperature distribution, the specific heat capacity ratio, and so on. In this paper, the velocity distribution of sound is calculated by using Noron's empirical formula, and the depth of moving liquid surface (called "gas component method") is deduced according to the time interval of sound wave propagation. This paper is based on the measuring principle of "gas component method". First, the temperature of associated gas in casing was measured by well thermometer sensor and the temperature distribution map was preliminarily plotted. Then the associated gas samples were collected at different depths in the casing, and then the associated gas samples were sent to the chromatographic analyzer for gas composition analysis. At the same time, the specific heat capacity ratio of the associated gas is measured by using the specific heat volumetric ratio meter, and then according to the data of the gas} D, GB17820-2012 can be used to calculate the specific gravity of the gas associated with the casing and the gas compression factor to draw the temperature distribution and the sound velocity distribution of the associated gas in the casing. The data are simulated in the Matlab environment K. Compared with the "coupling method", the "gas component method" pays more attention to the casing gas information in logging, and does not need to consider the number of hoop and casing length, so the degree of automation is higher. The real-time performance of the moving liquid level data is guaranteed, and the pump depth is adjusted in time to increase the oil well production. However, this method also has its shortcomings, because of the pressure near the moving liquid level at the bottom of the well during the oil processing, the temperature changes frequently. All of these will affect the composition of the associated gas in the casing, especially when there is natural gas precipitation, the change of the gas component in the bottom hole is more obvious. It is necessary to use the measurement data of bottom hole temperature sensor and pressure sensor to modify the sound velocity estimation near the moving liquid surface. In order to improve the accuracy of measurement, this paper also lists the results of accurate measurement of real liquid level of oil wells by automatic echo instrument based on the principle of "gas component method". Good results have been obtained by using this method in the process of actual oil recovery. The measurement accuracy is high, which promotes the oil recovery efficiency of Shantou well, and can realize many functions such as oil well pressure recovery analysis and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE35

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