本文關(guān)鍵詞： 烷基糖苷 高溫高鹽 油水界面張力 表面活性劑復(fù)配 提高采收率　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：原油是國(guó)家的重要戰(zhàn)略資源,社會(huì)發(fā)展對(duì)能源的需求持續(xù)上漲,但目前各大油田均已進(jìn)入高含水開(kāi)發(fā)后期,采取有效技術(shù)措施提高原油采收率對(duì)國(guó)計(jì)民生意義重大。在現(xiàn)有的三次采油技術(shù)中,泡沫驅(qū)作為一種新興的化學(xué)驅(qū)油技術(shù),因其不僅具有選擇性封堵的特性,還具有一定的洗油能力,同時(shí)耐溫抗鹽性能也較易實(shí)現(xiàn),因此不僅在高含水油田挖潛方面具有應(yīng)用潛力,在高溫高鹽油藏的有效開(kāi)發(fā)方面也具有良好的發(fā)展前景。其中,既具有優(yōu)異的泡沫性能,又能使原油與水的界面張力降至超低的低張力泡沫驅(qū)油體系,因同時(shí)具有良好的封堵性能和洗油能力,可一次性大幅度提高三次采油效率,應(yīng)用潛力巨大。針對(duì)當(dāng)前社會(huì)對(duì)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題高度關(guān)注、驅(qū)油體系亟待綠色化的情況,本文選擇綠色表面活性劑烷基糖苷(APG)為主劑,通過(guò)研究APG的界面性質(zhì)及與其他表面活性劑的相互作用,采用表面活性劑多元復(fù)配的技術(shù)路線實(shí)現(xiàn)泡沫性能和界面活性的同時(shí)優(yōu)化,基于APG設(shè)計(jì)出了環(huán)境友好的低張力泡沫驅(qū)油體系,系統(tǒng)考察了體系的泡沫性能、界面活性,并對(duì)封堵能力、抗油性、吸附損失、提高采收率效果等進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果表明設(shè)計(jì)體系在以上各方面均具有優(yōu)異的性能。本論文探索綠色環(huán)保型新型高效驅(qū)油體系,研究成果對(duì)三次采油技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用具有積極作用,不僅具有顯著的技術(shù)價(jià)值,還具有重要的環(huán)境及社會(huì)意義。論文共分為五章。第一章綜述了當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外三次采油技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),指出了泡沫驅(qū)油技術(shù)的重要前景,介紹了本論文的立題思想和意義。第二章介紹了本論文采用的研究方法。研究?jī)?nèi)容主要分為三個(gè)部分:第一部分(第三章)主要研究了綠色表面活性劑烷基糖苷的泡沫性質(zhì)和油水界面活性,考察了濃度及無(wú)機(jī)鹽離子等環(huán)境條件的影響,并考察了納米微晶纖維素以及其他表面活性劑對(duì)APG性質(zhì)的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,APG具有良好的起泡性,但無(wú)機(jī)鹽可使其起泡性降低;APG泡沫的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性較好,但動(dòng)態(tài)穩(wěn)定性不佳,與納米微晶纖維素復(fù)配后泡沫動(dòng)態(tài)穩(wěn)定性明顯增強(qiáng),并且該體系的抗鹽性提高;烷基糖苷與其他表面活性劑如烷醇酰胺復(fù)配后,體系的油水界面張力顯著降低,并且在無(wú)機(jī)鹽濃度增大時(shí)油水界面活性進(jìn)一步提高。第二部分(第四章)研究了 APG/DTAB/SDS復(fù)配體系的泡沫性能及油水界面活性,系統(tǒng)考察了配比、濃度及礦化度對(duì)體系泡沫性質(zhì)、油/水界面活性的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,APG/DTAB/SDS復(fù)配體系的起泡性及泡沫穩(wěn)定性均好于單一體系,特別是泡沫的穩(wěn)定性和界面活性均隨著無(wú)機(jī)鹽離子濃度的增大有所提高。該體系在較大濃度和配比范圍內(nèi)均具有優(yōu)異的泡沫性能,并可將油/水界面張力降到超低,而且在總礦化度高達(dá)32000ppm時(shí),該體系仍保持良好性能,表明該體系在高鹽油藏有較好的應(yīng)用前景。第三部分(第五章)主要考察了基于APG的多元復(fù)配泡沫體系的封堵能力、抗油性、固液界面吸附損失,還采用一維物模室內(nèi)模型驅(qū)油試驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)了提高原油采收率效果。研究結(jié)果表明,該體系對(duì)于較高和較低滲透率巖心均能起到較好的封堵調(diào)剖效果,可以應(yīng)用于常規(guī)油藏或低滲透高鹽油藏。多元復(fù)配體系在濃度較低時(shí)抗油性較差,但增加濃度抗油性相應(yīng)增強(qiáng);加入聚合物可提高該體系的抗油性。驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,在水驅(qū)后泡沫驅(qū)總采收率提高了 25%-32%OOIP,效果明顯。該三元復(fù)配體系的泡沫性能及油水界面性能優(yōu)異,綠色環(huán)保,致效濃度低,在三次采油領(lǐng)域具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Crude oil is an important national strategic resource, the social development demand for energy continues to rise, but the current major oil fields have entered the high water cut development stage, to take effective measures to improve oil recovery is of great significance. In the three beneficial to the people's livelihood recovery technology in the existing foam flooding is a kind of new chemical flooding technology due to its characteristics, not only has the selective plugging, but also has a certain ability to wash oil, at the same time, temperature and salt resistance performance is easy to realize, so it not only has the potential application in high water cut oil field, but also has a good prospect in the effective development of high temperature and high salinity reservoir. Among them, not only has excellent foam properties again, can make the interfacial tension of crude oil and water to low ultra low tension foam flooding system, because it has good plugging performance and cleaning ability, three oil recovery can greatly improve Efficiency, great potential. In view of the current social attention to environmental problems, flooding system to the green, the green surfactant alkyl polyglycoside (APG) as the main agent, the interfacial properties of APG and other surfactant interactions, optimize the foam properties and interfacial activity at the same time the technical route of surfactant multicomponent compound, APG designed the oil displacement system with low tension foam friendly environment based on the investigated foam performance, interfacial activity, and the sealing ability, oil resistance, absorption loss, improve the recovery effect of the evaluation system, the results showed that the design of system the above has excellent performance. This paper explores the green environmental protection new efficient flooding system, plays a positive role to promote the application of research results of three oil recovery technology, not only has The technology also has great value, environment and social significance. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter summarizes the current development trend of domestic and foreign three oil recovery technology, pointed out the prospect of foam flooding technology, introduces the ideas of this paper and the significance. The second chapter introduces the research methods in this paper. The research contents are mainly divided into three parts: the first part (Chapter third) foam properties and interfacial activity of green surfactant alkyl polyglycoside, the effects of concentration and inorganic salt ions and other environmental conditions, and the effects of nano microcrystalline cellulose and other surfactants on properties of APG the effect. The experimental results show that APG has good foamability, but inorganic salt can make its foaming capacity decreased; the static stability of APG foam is better, but the dynamic stability is poor, and the nano microcrystalline cellulose compound Bubble dynamic stability was enhanced, and the salt resistance of the system is improved; alkyl glucoside with other surfactants such as alkyl alcohol amide compound, the IFT decreased significantly, and further improve the interfacial activity in inorganic salt concentration increases. The second part (the fourth chapter) on the properties of APG/DTAB/SDS foam compound system and interfacial activity, investigated the ratio, concentration and salinity on the properties of foam system, oil / water interfacial activity. The results showed that APG/DTAB/SDS blends foaming capacity and foam stability were better than single system, especially the stability of foam and interfacial activity were increased with the concentration of inorganic salt ions improved. This system has excellent performance in larger bubble concentration and ratio range, and the oil / water interfacial tension decrease, and in high salinity At 32000ppm, the system can maintain good performance, show that the system has a good application prospect in high salt reservoir. The third part (the fifth chapter) mainly investigated the blocking ability, APG multicomponent compound foam system based on resistance, the solid-liquid interface adsorption loss, also using a one-dimensional physical model of indoor model test evaluation of oil displacement to improve the oil recovery effect. The results show that the system for high and low permeability cores have good plugging and profile control effect, can be used in conventional reservoir or low permeability reservoirs with high salt resistance. Poor multivariate mixed system in low concentration, but increased the concentration of anti oil increased; adding polymer this system can improve the oil resistance. The oil displacement experiment results show that the foam flooding after water flooding the total recovery rate increased by 25%-32%OOIP, the effect is obvious. The three element compound system foam properties and interfacial properties Excellent, green environmental protection, low efficiency, and has a good application prospect in the field of three oil recovery.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.46

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