發(fā)布時間：2018-01-24 08:39

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 球狀二氧化硅納米粒 介孔二氧化硅納米粒 表面改性 復合材料 高蠟稠油 降凝 降粘　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：化學降凝降粘劑法是目前在稠油開采和運輸上最有價值的技術(shù)手段,以加入量少、操作簡單、耗能量低、以及無后處理工藝等優(yōu)勢而受到廣泛關(guān)注。納米尺寸的降凝降粘劑是近幾年來新開發(fā)的一種高效的制劑,它的小尺寸效應(yīng)能夠改變稠油中重組分的團聚和結(jié)晶行為,進而改善稠油在低溫下的流動性。本課題選用Stober方法合成了多種不同尺寸的二氧化硅實心球(sSi02),其中優(yōu)選出了 4種尺寸:50nm、100nm、200nm、300nm的sSiO2作為基體,利用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑對其進行改性,接枝有機單體,使之由親水變親油,并引入強極性基團,應(yīng)用于大慶林源站高蠟稠油,進行凝點和粘度的測試,探究的sSi02尺寸對有機單體接技率影響以及相應(yīng)的復合材料對降低稠油凝點和粘度的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨sSi02尺寸不斷增大,sSiO2和復合材料的分散性越來越好,有機單機的接枝率不斷減小,降凝降粘程度先增大然后保持平穩(wěn),再繼續(xù)加入效果有所下降,在粒徑在1OOnm時達到最佳效果,凝點降低6.4℃,在40℃時原油粘度由189.7mm2/s降至43.62mm2/s,表觀降粘率為77.01%,凈降粘率為47.44%。為了提高有機單體的有效接枝率,選用模板法制備了具有孔道結(jié)構(gòu),比表面積巨大的介孔二氧化硅納米粒(MSN),選用粒徑在100nm左右的MSN,進行改性接枝,得到PSMA-AM/MSN復合材料,應(yīng)用于大慶林源站高蠟原油。凝點和粘度測試結(jié)果顯示,在PSMA-AM/MSN加劑量為300ppm時,降凝和降粘效果均達到最佳,凝點降低7.2℃,40℃時粘度由189.7mm2/s降至40.297mm2/s,表觀降粘率為78.76%,凈降粘率為51.45%,相比于sSi02復合材料,PSMA-AM/MSN降凝降粘效果更好,這是由于MSN的孔道結(jié)構(gòu)有效的增大了納米粒子的比表面積,為有機物的接枝和作為成核點吸附蠟質(zhì)在其表面及孔道內(nèi)部結(jié)晶析出提供了更大的空間,有效地加大稠油中重組分的分散性,進而改善稠油在低溫下的流動性。
[Abstract]:Chemical coagulation and viscosity reducer method is the most valuable technique in heavy oil production and transportation at present. It has the advantages of low addition, simple operation and low energy consumption. Nano-size viscosity reducer is a new and efficient preparation developed in recent years. Its small size effect can change the agglomeration and crystallization behavior of recombination fractions in heavy oil. In order to improve the fluidity of heavy oil at low temperature, a variety of silica solid sphere sSi02s of different sizes have been synthesized by Stober method, among which 4 sizes have been selected. The sSiO2 of 100nm / 200nm was modified by silane coupling agent, and the organic monomer was grafted to make it hydrophilic to hydrophilic and oil-lipophilic, and a strong polar group was introduced. The freezing point and viscosity of high wax heavy oil from Yu Daqing Linyuan Station were measured. The effects of the size of sSi02 on the grafting rate of organic monomer and the effect of the corresponding composite on the reduction of condensate point and viscosity of heavy oil were investigated. The results showed that the size of sSi02 increased with the increase of the size of sSi02. The dispersity of sSiO2 and composites is getting better and better. The grafting rate of organic single machine decreases continuously, the degree of viscosity reduction increases first and then keeps steady, and then the effect of adding continues to decrease. When the particle size is at 1OOnm, the best effect is achieved, the freezing point is reduced by 6.4 鈩，

本文編號：1459626