本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水壓致裂 天然裂縫 數(shù)值模擬 流固耦合 ARAMIS測(cè)量系統(tǒng)　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在石油、頁(yè)巖氣、煤層氣開采,水壓力作用下的邊坡、大壩、核廢料庫(kù)穩(wěn)定、隧道、硐室等大量巖體工程中都會(huì)涉及到工程巖體的水壓致裂裂紋擴(kuò)展機(jī)理。本文主要以低滲透儲(chǔ)層巖體為主要研究載體,對(duì)有無(wú)注水情況下的裂文擴(kuò)展機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。低滲儲(chǔ)層巖體中裂縫在水壓力驅(qū)動(dòng)下,其裂縫的萌生、擴(kuò)展、演化,導(dǎo)致巖體結(jié)構(gòu)的宏、細(xì)觀發(fā)生改變,巖體應(yīng)力場(chǎng)重新分布,同時(shí)巖體的滲透性能隨之發(fā)生改變,滲流場(chǎng)隨著巖體結(jié)構(gòu)滲透性能的改變而重新分布。水壓致裂裂紋擴(kuò)展機(jī)理其實(shí)質(zhì)是巖體細(xì)觀結(jié)構(gòu)變化導(dǎo)致巖體宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)特性發(fā)生改變的復(fù)雜過(guò)程,無(wú)論是從宏觀還是微細(xì)觀上,研究巖體的裂紋擴(kuò)展機(jī)理對(duì)石油、巖體等工程起著至關(guān)重要的作用。 1)本文首先通過(guò)ARAMIS應(yīng)變測(cè)量系統(tǒng)對(duì)巖石破裂裂紋擴(kuò)展規(guī)律進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,并獲取每個(gè)階段相關(guān)點(diǎn)和面的應(yīng)變情況,并利用RFPA2D數(shù)值軟件對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比模擬分析,驗(yàn)證了RFP2D數(shù)值軟件的可靠性。 2)然后在不考慮注水的條件下,依據(jù)摩爾-庫(kù)倫破壞準(zhǔn)則和巖石斷裂理論,建立單預(yù)制裂隙巖石模型和雙平行預(yù)制裂隙巖石模型。對(duì)不同單預(yù)制裂隙傾角的巖石試件進(jìn)行研究,分析了不同單裂縫形態(tài)下巖石裂紋的萌生、擴(kuò)展機(jī)制以及單裂縫形態(tài)對(duì)巖石力學(xué)特性的影響。對(duì)不同雙平行預(yù)制裂隙傾角和不同巖橋傾角的巖石試件進(jìn)行研究,分析了不同雙平行裂縫形態(tài)下巖石裂紋的萌生、擴(kuò)展機(jī)制以及雙平行裂縫形態(tài)對(duì)巖石力學(xué)特性的影響,并研究了雙平行裂縫傾角和巖橋傾角對(duì)多裂紋的貫通機(jī)制。 3)最后考慮巖體的液固耦合和細(xì)觀損傷破裂特性,基于滲流-應(yīng)力損傷耦合理論,建立含單一天然裂縫、雙平行天然裂縫的低滲儲(chǔ)層巖體數(shù)值模型,對(duì)水力裂縫激活天然裂縫的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。 本文的研究結(jié)果對(duì)保障含節(jié)理、裂隙等初始缺陷的巖體工程穩(wěn)定與安全以及石油工程開采優(yōu)化等提供一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In oil, shale gas, coalbed methane mining, water pressure under the action of slopes, dams, nuclear waste reservoir stability, tunnels. In a large number of rock mass engineering, such as chamber, hydraulic fracturing and crack propagation mechanism of engineering rock mass will be involved. In this paper, low permeability reservoir rock mass is the main research carrier. The mechanism of crack propagation in rock mass with or without water injection is studied. The initiation, expansion and evolution of fractures in rock mass driven by water pressure result in the change of macro and meso structure of rock mass. The stress field of rock mass is redistributed and the permeability of rock mass changes. The seepage field is redistributed with the change of the permeability of rock mass structure. The mechanism of crack propagation caused by hydraulic fracturing is a complex process in which the mechanical properties of rock mass macrostructure change due to the change of meso-structure of rock mass. The study of crack growth mechanism of rock mass plays an important role in petroleum engineering and rock mass engineering. 1) in this paper, the law of crack propagation of rock fracture is studied experimentally by ARAMIS strain measurement system, and the strain of each phase is obtained. The reliability of RFP2D numerical software is verified by comparing and simulating the experiment with RFPA2D numerical software. 2) then according to the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and rock fracture theory without considering water injection. The single prefabricated fracture rock model and the double parallel prefabricated fracture rock model are established. The rock specimen with different prefabricated fracture inclination angle is studied and the initiation of rock crack under different single fracture morphology is analyzed. The effects of propagation mechanism and single fracture morphology on rock mechanical properties were studied. The rock specimens with different double parallel prefabricated fracture dip angles and different rock bridge inclination angles were studied. The mechanism of crack initiation and propagation and the influence of double parallel fracture morphology on rock mechanical properties are analyzed. The mechanism of double parallel fracture dip angle and rock bridge inclination angle to multiple cracks is studied. Finally, considering the liquid-solid coupling and mesoscopic damage and fracture characteristics of rock mass, a numerical model of rock mass with single natural fracture and double parallel natural fracture is established based on the coupling theory of seepage and stress damage. The mechanism of activating natural cracks by hydraulic cracks was studied. The results of this paper provide some theoretical basis for ensuring the stability and safety of rock mass engineering with initial defects such as joints and fissures, as well as the optimization of petroleum engineering exploitation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE311

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本文編號(hào)：1458986