本文關(guān)鍵詞： 三相分離器 重力沉降 水平集方法 數(shù)值仿真　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：三相分離器是油田地面工程中重要的設(shè)備之一,提高三相分離器的分離效率一直是研究的重點(diǎn),而其內(nèi)部構(gòu)件對(duì)分離效率有很大影響。本文基于水平集理論,通過(guò)對(duì)單顆油滴和固相顆粒在水中的沉降進(jìn)行仿真模擬。然后根據(jù)“半滿法”設(shè)計(jì)理論進(jìn)行臥式三相分離器的初始尺寸設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行油氣水三相瞬態(tài)模擬計(jì)算,主要得到了如下研究成果：(1)基于“半滿法”,首次對(duì)臥式三相分離器中天然氣的油水分離進(jìn)行了初步的設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算主要考慮油、水沉降分離原理和液相停留時(shí)間,從而確定出半滿式的臥式三相分離器的初步尺寸,為模擬仿真分析提供了基本的尺寸。并據(jù)此對(duì)初步設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn),設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)新型的具有相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化的三相分離器,通過(guò)比較分析確定了入口的結(jié)構(gòu)、除霧器和聚結(jié)構(gòu)件等。(2)基于水平集理論,首次通過(guò)對(duì)單顆固相顆粒和油滴在水中的沉降進(jìn)行仿真模擬,找到單顆油滴和固相顆粒的沉降規(guī)律,并且通過(guò)研究油滴和固相顆粒的直徑對(duì)沉降分離時(shí)間與速度的影響規(guī)律,找到沉降時(shí)間、沉降速度與粒徑的關(guān)系。(3)對(duì)聚結(jié)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格無(wú)關(guān)性分析,得到2mm網(wǎng)格能夠較為精確的研究聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的沉降分離過(guò)程,并且通過(guò)對(duì)比有無(wú)聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的兩種模型沉降分離過(guò)程中的速度、壓力和體積分?jǐn)?shù)分布,仔細(xì)研究了聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的沉降機(jī)理。研究油滴的粒徑和粘度對(duì)沉降分離的影響關(guān)系,結(jié)果表明,隨著油滴的粒徑減少和粘度增加,沉降分離的難度增大。最后,考慮油水分離中含氣泡、固相顆粒等因素,研究了油氣水和油氣固等組合下的沉降分離過(guò)程。(4)對(duì)影響傾斜聚結(jié)構(gòu)件分離效果的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,分別研究了影響聚結(jié)構(gòu)件分離效果的聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的傾斜角度和板間距,通過(guò)分析不同傾斜角度和板間距的參數(shù)組合,得到了分離效果較好的斜板聚結(jié)構(gòu)件參數(shù),即傾斜角度為45°,板間距為15mm。確定了影響聚結(jié)構(gòu)件的具體設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)。在文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研和分離機(jī)理分析的基礎(chǔ)上,研究?jī)A斜聚結(jié)構(gòu)件板上開(kāi)孔對(duì)三相分離器分離效果的影響,但是,三相分離器的聚結(jié)構(gòu)件開(kāi)孔對(duì)分離效果影響不大。
[Abstract]:Three-phase separator is one of the most important equipment in oilfield surface engineering. Improving separation efficiency of three-phase separator has been the focus of research, and its internal components have a great impact on separation efficiency. This paper is based on the level set theory. The settlement of single oil drop and solid particle in water was simulated and the initial size of horizontal three-phase separator was designed according to the "half-full method" design theory. And the internal flow field of the polymer structure is simulated by the oil-gas-water three-phase transient simulation. The following research results are obtained: 1) based on the "half-full method". The design of oil-water separation of natural gas in horizontal three-phase separator is carried out for the first time. The design and calculation mainly consider oil, water sedimentation separation principle and liquid phase residence time. Thus the initial dimensions of the half full horizontal three phase separator are determined, which provides the basic dimensions for the simulation and analysis, and the corresponding improvement of the preliminary design is made accordingly. A new type of three-phase separator with the optimization of related structural parameters is designed. The structure of the inlet, the mist remover and the polymer structure are determined by comparison and analysis, etc.) based on the level set theory. For the first time, through the simulation of the settlement of a single solid particle and an oil drop in water, the law of settling of a single oil drop and a solid particle is found. And by studying the influence of oil droplet and solid particle diameter on settling separation time and velocity, we find out the relationship between settling time, settling velocity and particle size. The results show that 2mm mesh can accurately study the settlement separation process of polymer structure, and compare the velocity, pressure and volume fraction distribution between the two models with or without polymer structure. The effect of oil droplet size and viscosity on sedimentation separation is studied. The results show that the difficulty of settling separation increases with the decrease of oil droplet size and the increase of viscosity. Considering the factors such as bubbles and solid particles in oil-water separation, the process of settling separation under the combination of oil-gas-water and oil-gas-solid was studied. The tilting angle and the plate spacing of the polymer structure parts which affect the separation effect of the polymer structure parts are studied respectively. By analyzing the parameter combination of the different tilting angles and the plate spacing, the better separation effect parameters of the inclined plate aggregate structural parts are obtained. That is, the inclination angle is 45 擄and the plate spacing is 15mm. the specific design parameters affecting the polymer structure are determined. Based on the literature investigation and the analysis of the separation mechanism. The effect of opening on the plate of inclined aggregate structure on the separation effect of three-phase separator is studied. However, the opening of polymer structure of three-phase separator has little effect on the separation effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE931.1

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