發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 01:13

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：方鉆桿旋塞閥失效分析與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 方鉆桿旋塞閥 失效分析 流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬 接觸分析 正交試驗(yàn) 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)

【摘要】：鉆井新技術(shù)正在快速發(fā)展,也廣泛的應(yīng)用于各種復(fù)雜地層,為了安全優(yōu)質(zhì)鉆井,降低鉆井成本,防止井涌、井噴等事故的發(fā)生,必須把井控技術(shù)作為研究和發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容。作為鉆柱內(nèi)防噴系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵的內(nèi)防噴工具,方鉆桿旋塞閥是失效最頻繁的一種,其性能優(yōu)劣、壽命長(zhǎng)短及工作的可靠性直接影響著井場(chǎng)人員和財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全。因此,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)旋塞閥的失效形式以及研究現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)旋塞閥的失效原因進(jìn)行分析研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)旋塞閥進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),提高旋塞閥的可靠性和壽命,保證鉆井的安全。 本文以φ168方鉆桿下旋塞閥為研究對(duì)象,進(jìn)行了以下幾個(gè)方面的研究工作： (1)對(duì)方鉆桿旋塞閥的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)失效案例進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),總結(jié)其主要失效形式為：閥體強(qiáng)度失效、密封失效以及轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)失效。從靜力學(xué)和有限元仿真兩方面分析了閥體受拉、扭作用下的強(qiáng)度；從密封比壓方面分析了旋塞閥的密封機(jī)理以及失效原因；對(duì)閥芯和旋鈕進(jìn)行受力分析,推導(dǎo)出閥芯與上閥座之間的摩擦扭矩以及旋鈕與閥體旋鈕孔之間的摩擦扭矩公式。 (2)推導(dǎo)旋塞閥流道開(kāi)度的計(jì)算公式,分析了影響流道開(kāi)度的主要因素—閥芯關(guān)閉角度、閥芯半徑以及流道半徑,探討了流道開(kāi)度隨各因素的變化趨勢(shì)。建立了旋塞閥不同開(kāi)度下的流場(chǎng)幾何模型,采用CFD計(jì)算流體力學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行了流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬。其模擬結(jié)果表明：閥芯關(guān)閉角度、鉆井泵排量對(duì)旋塞閥的流場(chǎng)影響很大,鉆井液固相顆粒直徑和固相體積分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)流場(chǎng)的影響較小。結(jié)合流道開(kāi)度影響因素分析和流場(chǎng)模擬結(jié)果,分析了其失效與內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)的關(guān)系,提出了旋塞閥優(yōu)化改進(jìn)的方法,給出了旋塞閥的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用建議。 (3)建立了旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)(旋鈕、撥塊、閥芯以及上閥座的組合)的三維模型,采用ANSYS Workbench有限元分析軟件模擬旋塞閥在不同工況下,閥芯轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的瞬間,各零件的應(yīng)力分布、變形分布以及閥芯和上閥座之間的摩擦扭矩變化規(guī)律,找出旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)中各零件的薄弱點(diǎn),分析旋塞閥失效與各零件應(yīng)力變形的關(guān)系。將摩擦扭矩的仿真結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比分析,驗(yàn)證摩擦扭矩計(jì)算公式的準(zhǔn)確性。 (4)以第四章旋塞閥旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)中的薄弱點(diǎn)(旋鈕和撥塊)為優(yōu)化對(duì)象,通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)方法、降半梯形分布隸屬函數(shù)和數(shù)學(xué)綜合加權(quán)法,分析了各設(shè)計(jì)變量對(duì)零件應(yīng)力變形的影響程度,得出了最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方案。優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)減小了旋鈕、撥塊和閥體接觸之間的摩擦系數(shù),降低了旋塞閥的操作扭矩。
[Abstract]:New drilling technology is developing rapidly, and is widely used in various complex formations, in order to safety and high quality drilling, reduce drilling costs, prevent wellbore, blowout and other accidents. Well control technology must be regarded as an important content of research and development. As a key internal blowout prevention tool in drill string internal blowout prevention system, square drill pipe plug valve is one of the most frequent failure, and its performance is good and bad. The length of life and reliability of work directly affect the safety of personnel and property in the well site. Therefore, combined with the failure form of field piston valve and the status quo of research, the failure reasons of plug valve are analyzed and studied. On this basis, the optimization design of the plug valve is carried out to improve the reliability and life of the plug valve and to ensure the safety of drilling. In this paper, the 蠁 168 square drill pipe under the plug valve as the research object, the following aspects of the research work: The main failure forms are summarized as follows: body strength failure. Sealing failure and rotation failure. The strength of the valve body under the action of tension and torsion is analyzed from static and finite element simulation. The sealing mechanism and failure reason of the plug valve are analyzed from the aspect of sealing specific pressure. The friction torque between the spool and the upper valve seat and the friction torque between the knob and the valve body knob hole are derived. (2) the formula of flow opening of plug valve is deduced, and the main factors that influence the opening of flow channel are analyzed, such as the closing angle of valve core, the radius of valve core and the radius of runner. The variation trend of flow opening with various factors is discussed, and the geometric model of flow field under different opening of plug valve is established. The numerical simulation of the flow field is carried out by using CFD computational fluid dynamics software. The simulation results show that the flow field of the plug valve is greatly affected by the valve core closing angle and the drilling pump displacement. The influence of flow field on the diameter of solid particles and volume fraction of solid phase in drilling fluid is small. The relationship between the failure and internal flow field is analyzed according to the analysis of the influencing factors of flow channel opening and the results of flow field simulation. The optimization and improvement method of the plug valve is put forward, and the suggestions for the field application of the plug valve are given. A three-dimensional model of the rotation system (knob, dial block, spool, and upper seat combination) has been established. The ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software is used to simulate the stress distribution of the piston valve in the moment of the spool rotation under different working conditions. The deformation distribution and friction torque between the spool and the upper valve seat are changed to find out the weakness of the parts in the rotating system. The relationship between the failure of the plug valve and the stress and deformation of the parts is analyzed. The accuracy of the formula for calculating the friction torque is verified by comparing the simulation results of friction torque with the theoretical calculation results. Taking the weak points (knobs and blocks) in the rotary system of 4th chapter plug valve as the optimization object, the membership function and mathematical comprehensive weighting method of reducing half trapezoidal distribution are adopted by orthogonal test method. The influence of various design variables on the stress and deformation of the parts is analyzed and the optimal design scheme is obtained. The optimized structure reduces the friction coefficient between the knob, the drawing block and the valve body, and reduces the operating torque of the plug valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE927.9

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