本文關(guān)鍵詞：微藻凈化厭氧發(fā)酵廢液制取生物柴油的研究　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 微藻 厭氧發(fā)酵廢液 污染物脫除 兼養(yǎng) 生物柴油

【摘要】：為了高效凈化厭氧發(fā)酵廢液中的碳氮磷和重金屬等污染物并實(shí)現(xiàn)廢液的資源化利用,本文利用微藻突變體在通入高濃度C02條件下進(jìn)行生長(zhǎng)調(diào)控,明顯提高了微藻生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量和污染物脫除效率。利用有機(jī)氮源配合碳源對(duì)微藻突變體進(jìn)行兼養(yǎng),通過(guò)優(yōu)化碳氮成分顯著提高了生物柴油產(chǎn)率。 采用核誘變的小球藻突變體Chlorella PY-ZU1生長(zhǎng)調(diào)控凈化豬糞厭氧發(fā)酵廢液,通入15%(v/v)高濃度C02明顯補(bǔ)充了豬糞厭氧發(fā)酵廢液中可利用碳源不足的缺陷。接種前曝氣和增加磷源明顯縮短了微藻在豬糞厭氧發(fā)酵廢液中的生長(zhǎng)遲滯期,從而使微藻的生物質(zhì)產(chǎn)量和生長(zhǎng)速率分別提高到4.81g/L和601.2mg/L/d,同時(shí)使COD去除率達(dá)到79%,氨氮去除率達(dá)到73%,總磷去除率達(dá)到95%以上。微藻生物質(zhì)對(duì)廢液中鉛、鎘、汞、砷的富集能力高達(dá)30-200倍,但凈化廢液后收獲的藻粉中富集的重金屬含量仍然遠(yuǎn)低于NRC飼料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)各種重金屬的限值。 針對(duì)城市餐廚垃圾的厭氧發(fā)酵廢液(碳氮成分更不均衡：與豬糞厭氧發(fā)酵廢液相比COD降低一半而氨氮增加一半),采用核誘變的小球藻突變體Chlorella PY-ZU1進(jìn)行高效凈化。小球藻在餐廚厭氧發(fā)酵廢液中的生長(zhǎng)完全沒(méi)有遲滯期,接種前曝氣48h可以有效促進(jìn)小球藻生長(zhǎng)并提高污染物去除率,使生物質(zhì)干重和生長(zhǎng)速率分別提高到4.32g/L和472.5mg/L/d,同時(shí)使COD去除率達(dá)到55%,氨氮去除率達(dá)到80%,總磷去除率達(dá)到99%。 為了提高微藻生長(zhǎng)富集油脂轉(zhuǎn)化制生物柴油的產(chǎn)率,采用酵母提取物等有機(jī)氮源配合葡萄糖等碳源對(duì)核誘變的菱形藻突變體Nitzschia ZJU2進(jìn)行兼養(yǎng)(即將光合作用自養(yǎng)與有機(jī)碳源異養(yǎng)相結(jié)合)。葡萄糖為最佳碳源,當(dāng)葡萄糖濃度為10g/L時(shí)油脂產(chǎn)率達(dá)到峰值。有機(jī)氮源優(yōu)于無(wú)機(jī)氮源,當(dāng)酵母提取物濃度達(dá)到1.5g/L時(shí)油脂產(chǎn)率峰值為164.50mg/L/d,達(dá)到異養(yǎng)的3倍和自養(yǎng)的8倍。兼養(yǎng)油脂中C16-C19脂肪酸比例達(dá)到89.13%,高于異養(yǎng)和自養(yǎng),不飽和脂肪酸含量較低,適合制取生物柴油。
[Abstract]:In order to purify the pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in the anaerobic fermentation waste liquid and realize the utilization of the waste liquor, the microalgae mutants were used to control the growth under the condition of high concentration CO2. The biomass yield and pollutant removal efficiency of microalgae were significantly improved, and organic nitrogen source combined with carbon source was used to raise microalgae mutants, and the yield of biodiesel was significantly increased by optimizing carbon and nitrogen composition. The nuclear mutagenesis mutant Chlorella PY-ZU1 was used to control the growth and purification of anaerobic fermentation waste from pig manure. Go in 15 / v / v). High concentration of CO2 significantly supplemented the deficiency of available carbon source in pig manure anaerobic fermentation waste liquid. Aeration before inoculation and increase of phosphorus source significantly shortened the growth delay period of microalgae in pig manure anaerobic fermentation waste liquor. The biomass yield and growth rate of microalgae were increased to 4.81 g / L and 601.2 mg / L / d, respectively. Meanwhile, the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen reached 79% and 73% respectively. The removal rate of total phosphorus was more than 95%. The enrichment capacity of microalgae biomass to lead cadmium mercury and arsenic in waste liquid was 30-200 times. However, the concentration of heavy metals in algae powder after purifying the waste liquid is still far below the limit of NRC feed standard for all kinds of heavy metals. Anaerobic fermentation waste for municipal kitchen waste (carbon and nitrogen composition is more uneven: compared with pig manure anaerobic fermentation waste, COD is reduced by half and ammonia nitrogen is increased by half). Chlorella PY-ZU1, a nuclear mutated mutant, was used to purify Chlorella sp. There was no delay in the growth of Chlorella sp. 48 h aeration before inoculation could effectively promote the growth of Chlorella vulgaris and improve the removal rate of pollutants. The dry weight and growth rate of biomass were increased to 4.32 g / L and 472.5 mg / L / d respectively. At the same time, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus reached 55%, 80% and 99% respectively. In order to improve the production rate of biodiesel by microalgae growth and enrichment oil conversion. Organic nitrogen sources such as yeast extracts and carbon sources such as glucose were used to co-culture the nucleus-mutated rhombic algae mutant Nitzschia ZJU2 (that is, the combination of photosynthesis autotrophic and organic carbon source heterotrophic). Glucose is the best carbon source. When the concentration of glucose was 10 g / L, the oil yield reached the peak, the organic nitrogen source was superior to the inorganic nitrogen source, and when the yeast extract concentration reached 1.5 g / L, the oil yield peak was 164.50 mg / L / d. The proportion of C16-C19 fatty acids in the oil and fat was 89.13, which was higher than that in heterotrophic and autotrophic, and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was lower, which was suitable for the production of biodiesel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE667;TQ920.6

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本文編號(hào)：1402987