環(huán)境降解地膜可在較短時間內(nèi)碎片化，并進(jìn)一步由碎片降解為粉末狀的低分子量聚乙烯（LMWPE）。利用不同分子量聚乙烯粉末模擬環(huán)境降解地膜降解后的聚乙烯組分，將3種不同分子量LMWPE（M1=2000、M2=5000、M3=100000）添加到盆栽土壤中種植小麥，測試分析小麥不同生育期土壤氮含量及兩種關(guān)鍵酶活性變化，為環(huán)境降解地膜的環(huán)境安全性評估提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明：處理組土壤全氮、堿解氮含量在小麥分蘗期、孕穗期、開花期等顯著低于對照組，土壤脲酶活性在拔節(jié)期至灌漿期受到顯著抑制，不同分子量LMWPE處理對小麥各個生育期土壤蛋白酶活性的影響未達(dá)顯著水平。LMWPE可在一定程度上降低土壤供氮能力，土壤氮素轉(zhuǎn)換受到一定程度的抑制。以LMWPE為原料的環(huán)境降解地膜的環(huán)境安全性有待進(jìn)一步探究。

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