荊州市農(nóng)村聚落空間格局：層次與聚離
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-25 14:15
【摘要】：農(nóng)村聚落空間分布零散,土地集約利用水平低是我國(guó)目前農(nóng)村土地利用的重要特征。掌握農(nóng)村聚落空間分布狀況,是開(kāi)展農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)土地整理、挖掘農(nóng)村土地潛力、提高農(nóng)村土地集約利用水平和優(yōu)化農(nóng)村聚落格局的重要基礎(chǔ)。農(nóng)村聚落空間格局、變化及其驅(qū)動(dòng)力的研究是我國(guó)LUCC研究的熱點(diǎn)之一,目前其研究成果多集中于縣域尺度,多尺度、多層次的農(nóng)村聚落空間格局研究還稍顯薄弱。 本文以荊州市為研究區(qū)域,基于2010年土地利用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和ARCGIS10.0平臺(tái),首先運(yùn)用空間統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、密度分析和景觀指數(shù)分析等方法,研究了區(qū)域內(nèi)不同行政區(qū)劃層次(包括：荊州市市域?qū)哟�、縣市區(qū)層次和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)層次)的農(nóng)村聚落空間格局特征及空間分異；其次,運(yùn)用緩沖區(qū)分析、距離分析、相關(guān)分析等方法,分析了區(qū)域環(huán)境對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落空間格局的影響；然后,借助系統(tǒng)聚類(lèi)分析法,綜合農(nóng)村聚落空間格局、環(huán)境因素和農(nóng)村聚落土地整理潛力,將區(qū)域內(nèi)的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行類(lèi)型劃分；最后,依據(jù)分類(lèi)結(jié)果,提出了不同類(lèi)型鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)村聚落空間格局優(yōu)化策略。研究的主要結(jié)論如下： (1)不同層次的農(nóng)村聚落空間格局 在荊州市市域?qū)哟紊?忽略農(nóng)村聚落的面積時(shí),其分布模式為集聚模式,空間上呈現(xiàn)不均衡狀態(tài)；考慮面積要素時(shí),規(guī)模相似的聚落在空間上表現(xiàn)為集聚趨勢(shì)； 在縣市區(qū)層次上,沙市區(qū)和江陵縣內(nèi),農(nóng)村聚落密度大,集聚度高；松滋市和公安縣內(nèi)農(nóng)村聚落的分布相對(duì)較分散且平均規(guī)模較�。磺G州區(qū)、監(jiān)利縣和洪湖市內(nèi),較大規(guī)模的農(nóng)村聚落在空間上一定程度呈集聚分布；石首市則表現(xiàn)為小規(guī)模的聚落在局部地區(qū)集聚分布； 在鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)層次上,農(nóng)村聚落的空間格局表現(xiàn)為四個(gè)類(lèi)型：較多大規(guī)模的農(nóng)村聚落在空間相對(duì)分散的分布；眾多小規(guī)模農(nóng)村聚落在空間密集分布；較多小規(guī)模的農(nóng)村聚落在局部地區(qū)集中分布；少量規(guī)模較大的農(nóng)村聚落在空間分散分布。 (2)自然環(huán)境(河流、湖泊等)、生產(chǎn)環(huán)境(耕地、交通、城鎮(zhèn))與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境(人口、經(jīng)濟(jì))對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落空間格局的影響 河流對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落分布有一定的吸引力,表現(xiàn)為眾多小規(guī)模農(nóng)村聚落沿河較分散的分布；農(nóng)村聚落環(huán)湖及水庫(kù)分布現(xiàn)象在局部地區(qū)表現(xiàn)突出； 農(nóng)村聚落與耕地的分布具有空間同步性,農(nóng)村聚落使得耕地景觀破碎化；公路對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落有巨大吸引力,約80%的農(nóng)村聚落分布在公路周邊1500m范圍內(nèi),不同等級(jí)的公路對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落空間分布的影響具有明顯差異：沿高速公路分布的聚落較分散且規(guī)模較大；沿國(guó)道和省道分布的農(nóng)村聚落數(shù)量眾多,分布密集且平均規(guī)模較小,約66%的農(nóng)村聚落都分布在縣鄉(xiāng)道的沿線且聚落的平均規(guī)模較大；在距離城區(qū)6000m范圍內(nèi),城區(qū)和城市化環(huán)境對(duì)農(nóng)村聚落的輻射作用明顯,農(nóng)村聚落也傾向于靠近建制鎮(zhèn)分布,距離建制鎮(zhèn)6000m以外,農(nóng)村聚落的數(shù)量和總面積明顯減��； 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平和人口規(guī)模都與農(nóng)村聚落的總面積及其占景觀比重呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。 (3)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)類(lèi)型劃分 根據(jù)農(nóng)村聚落的空間格局、環(huán)境狀況、土地整理潛力,將研究區(qū)的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)劃分為五種類(lèi)型：交通限制密集型、環(huán)境優(yōu)越密集型、經(jīng)濟(jì)耕地限制密集型、耕地交通限制分散型、交通引導(dǎo)分散型。 (4)農(nóng)村聚落空間格局優(yōu)化策略 各類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)應(yīng)通過(guò)不同的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村聚落空間格局的優(yōu)化。第一、二類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為優(yōu)先整理鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),第三類(lèi)為重點(diǎn)整理鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),第四、五類(lèi)為適度調(diào)整鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)；第一類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)應(yīng)主要采取中心村內(nèi)部調(diào)整的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式,第二類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)應(yīng)主要采取自然村縮并的整理模式,第三類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)應(yīng)主要采取中心村內(nèi)調(diào)和自然村縮并相結(jié)合的整理模式,第四類(lèi)和第五類(lèi)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)應(yīng)主要采取異地遷移的農(nóng)村居民點(diǎn)整理模式。
[Abstract]:The spatial distribution of rural settlements is scattered, and the level of land intensive utilization is an important characteristic of the rural land utilization in China. To master the spatial distribution of rural settlements is an important basis for carrying out land consolidation in rural residential areas, digging the potential of rural land, improving the level of intensive utilization of rural land and optimizing the pattern of rural settlement. The research of the spatial pattern, change and driving force of the rural settlement is one of the hot spots in the research of the LUCC in China, and the research results are mainly focused on the scale of the county, the multi-scale and the multi-level spatial pattern of the rural settlement is still slightly weak. The paper takes Jingzhou as the research area, and based on the land-use database and the ARCGIS10.0 platform in 2010, the paper first uses the methods of spatial statistical analysis, density analysis and landscape index analysis to study the different levels of administrative divisions in the region (including the city domain of Jingzhou City). The spatial pattern and spatial differentiation of the rural settlements in the sub-, district and township levels are analyzed. Then, the influence of the regional environment on the spatial pattern of the rural settlements is analyzed by means of buffer analysis, distance analysis and correlation analysis. Then, by means of the system cluster analysis, the spatial pattern of the rural settlements is analyzed. In this paper, the spatial pattern of rural settlement, the environmental factors and the land consolidation potential of the rural settlement are integrated, and the villages and towns in the region are divided; and finally, according to the classification results, the spatial pattern optimization of the rural settlements of different types of villages and towns is put forward. A. Key findings of the study, such as Next: (1) Rural settlement at different levels The spatial pattern is on the level of the city of Jingzhou, and the distribution pattern of the rural settlement is the cluster mode and the space is in an unbalanced state when the area of the rural settlement is ignored; In the case of the area elements, the similar size of the settlements in the space In order to gather the trend, in the urban area of the county, the urban area and the Jiangling county, the rural settlement density is large, the concentration is high; the distribution of the rural settlements in the Songzi and the public security counties is relatively decentralized and the average gauge The mode is small; in Jingzhou District, Jianli County and Honghu City, the large-scale rural settlement is distributed in a certain degree in the space; the first city is the small-scale settlement in the office Regional cluster distribution; on the level of villages and towns, the space of rural settlements The pattern shows four types: the distribution of relatively large-scale rural settlements in the relative spread of space; many small-scale rural settlements in the space-intensive distribution; the small-scale rural settlement is concentrated in the local area; and the small-scale large-scale rural settlements Distribution of settlements in space. (2) Natural environment (river, lake, etc.), production environment (cultivated land, traffic, town) and socio-economic environment (population, economy) The Influence of River to the Spatial Pattern of the Rural Settlement The distribution of the rural settlements has a certain attraction, which is characterized by the distribution of a large number of small-scale rural settlements along the river, and the rural settlement ring lake and the reservoir The distribution phenomenon is prominent in the local area, and the distribution of the rural settlement and the cultivated land has spatial synchronization The rural settlement makes the landscape of the cultivated land be broken. The highway has a great attraction to the rural settlement. About 80% of the rural settlements are distributed within the distance of 1500m around the road. The influence of different grades on the spatial distribution of the rural settlements has obvious difference: along the high-speed The settlement of the road distribution is relatively large, and the scale is large; the number of rural settlements distributed along the national road and the provincial road is large, the distribution is dense and the average scale is small, and the rural settlement of about 66% is distributed along the line of the county and the township road, and the average size of the settlement is large; and the urban area and the city are in the range of 6000 m from the urban area the radiation effect of the environment on the rural settlement is obvious, and the rural settlement tends to be close to the distribution of the building and making town, The number and total area of the rural settlements are significantly reduced; the level of economic development and the scale of the population are closely related to the rural settlements The total area and its occupied landscape According to the spatial pattern, the environmental condition and the land consolidation potential of the rural settlement, the township-type division is divided into five types: the traffic restriction is intensive and the environment is superior and dense. limitation of type and economic cultivated land Intensive, cultivated land traffic restriction dispersion, hand-in The rural settlement space pattern optimization strategy all kinds of villages and towns should pass through The rural settlement pattern is optimized in different rural residential areas. The first and the second-level towns are the first and the second-class towns to focus on the towns and towns, and the fourth and the fifth are the proper adjustment of the villages and towns; the first-class villages and towns should mainly take the rural residential areas which are adjusted in the central village The second category of villages and towns should mainly take natural villages to scale and organize the pattern, and the third and third towns should mainly take the consolidation pattern of combining natural villages and natural villages in the central village, and the fourth category
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU982.29
本文編號(hào)：2505744
[Abstract]:The spatial distribution of rural settlements is scattered, and the level of land intensive utilization is an important characteristic of the rural land utilization in China. To master the spatial distribution of rural settlements is an important basis for carrying out land consolidation in rural residential areas, digging the potential of rural land, improving the level of intensive utilization of rural land and optimizing the pattern of rural settlement. The research of the spatial pattern, change and driving force of the rural settlement is one of the hot spots in the research of the LUCC in China, and the research results are mainly focused on the scale of the county, the multi-scale and the multi-level spatial pattern of the rural settlement is still slightly weak. The paper takes Jingzhou as the research area, and based on the land-use database and the ARCGIS10.0 platform in 2010, the paper first uses the methods of spatial statistical analysis, density analysis and landscape index analysis to study the different levels of administrative divisions in the region (including the city domain of Jingzhou City). The spatial pattern and spatial differentiation of the rural settlements in the sub-, district and township levels are analyzed. Then, the influence of the regional environment on the spatial pattern of the rural settlements is analyzed by means of buffer analysis, distance analysis and correlation analysis. Then, by means of the system cluster analysis, the spatial pattern of the rural settlements is analyzed. In this paper, the spatial pattern of rural settlement, the environmental factors and the land consolidation potential of the rural settlement are integrated, and the villages and towns in the region are divided; and finally, according to the classification results, the spatial pattern optimization of the rural settlements of different types of villages and towns is put forward. A. Key findings of the study, such as Next: (1) Rural settlement at different levels The spatial pattern is on the level of the city of Jingzhou, and the distribution pattern of the rural settlement is the cluster mode and the space is in an unbalanced state when the area of the rural settlement is ignored; In the case of the area elements, the similar size of the settlements in the space In order to gather the trend, in the urban area of the county, the urban area and the Jiangling county, the rural settlement density is large, the concentration is high; the distribution of the rural settlements in the Songzi and the public security counties is relatively decentralized and the average gauge The mode is small; in Jingzhou District, Jianli County and Honghu City, the large-scale rural settlement is distributed in a certain degree in the space; the first city is the small-scale settlement in the office Regional cluster distribution; on the level of villages and towns, the space of rural settlements The pattern shows four types: the distribution of relatively large-scale rural settlements in the relative spread of space; many small-scale rural settlements in the space-intensive distribution; the small-scale rural settlement is concentrated in the local area; and the small-scale large-scale rural settlements Distribution of settlements in space. (2) Natural environment (river, lake, etc.), production environment (cultivated land, traffic, town) and socio-economic environment (population, economy) The Influence of River to the Spatial Pattern of the Rural Settlement The distribution of the rural settlements has a certain attraction, which is characterized by the distribution of a large number of small-scale rural settlements along the river, and the rural settlement ring lake and the reservoir The distribution phenomenon is prominent in the local area, and the distribution of the rural settlement and the cultivated land has spatial synchronization The rural settlement makes the landscape of the cultivated land be broken. The highway has a great attraction to the rural settlement. About 80% of the rural settlements are distributed within the distance of 1500m around the road. The influence of different grades on the spatial distribution of the rural settlements has obvious difference: along the high-speed The settlement of the road distribution is relatively large, and the scale is large; the number of rural settlements distributed along the national road and the provincial road is large, the distribution is dense and the average scale is small, and the rural settlement of about 66% is distributed along the line of the county and the township road, and the average size of the settlement is large; and the urban area and the city are in the range of 6000 m from the urban area the radiation effect of the environment on the rural settlement is obvious, and the rural settlement tends to be close to the distribution of the building and making town, The number and total area of the rural settlements are significantly reduced; the level of economic development and the scale of the population are closely related to the rural settlements The total area and its occupied landscape According to the spatial pattern, the environmental condition and the land consolidation potential of the rural settlement, the township-type division is divided into five types: the traffic restriction is intensive and the environment is superior and dense. limitation of type and economic cultivated land Intensive, cultivated land traffic restriction dispersion, hand-in The rural settlement space pattern optimization strategy all kinds of villages and towns should pass through The rural settlement pattern is optimized in different rural residential areas. The first and the second-level towns are the first and the second-class towns to focus on the towns and towns, and the fourth and the fifth are the proper adjustment of the villages and towns; the first-class villages and towns should mainly take the rural residential areas which are adjusted in the central village The second category of villages and towns should mainly take natural villages to scale and organize the pattern, and the third and third towns should mainly take the consolidation pattern of combining natural villages and natural villages in the central village, and the fourth category
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU982.29
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