【摘要】：從生態(tài)的角度理解，城市濱水區(qū)是水域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和城市陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的交接地帶，亦是生態(tài)敏感脆弱區(qū)。傳統(tǒng)的硬質(zhì)濱水景觀讓濱水區(qū)環(huán)境污染、資源衰竭和生態(tài)失衡等問題日益嚴(yán)重。國內(nèi)外開始本著可持續(xù)發(fā)展的原則重審濱水景觀生態(tài)方面的規(guī)劃設(shè)計。不論是國外從反自然的人類中心主義走向生態(tài)中心論，還是國內(nèi)從盲目西化的建設(shè)方式轉(zhuǎn)變向讓自然做功的城市河道設(shè)計的現(xiàn)代理念，都指明新型的濱水景觀建設(shè)的生態(tài)型趨勢。 湖南澧縣總?cè)丝?8萬，總面積2107.3平方公里，澧水風(fēng)光帶項目（東起羊湖口泵站至張公廟大橋）全長約21.7公里，其水體自凈能力、濱水植物生態(tài)效益、河流微氣候調(diào)節(jié)等環(huán)境影響力對城市環(huán)境的影響巨大，本文將景觀生態(tài)學(xué)、環(huán)境生態(tài)學(xué)、植物生態(tài)學(xué)等生態(tài)環(huán)境相關(guān)理論與項目實踐結(jié)合，探討濱水生態(tài)建設(shè)方式。 應(yīng)用環(huán)境生態(tài)學(xué)理論從自然資源合理利用、環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源可持續(xù)利用三方面，探索防治空氣、水、土壤污染的生態(tài)技術(shù)或其他改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量的生態(tài)途徑。 應(yīng)用植物生態(tài)學(xué)理論，對規(guī)劃中的植物種類、生態(tài)配置、環(huán)境功能進(jìn)行歸納，在“適地適樹”原則下，設(shè)計最佳配置。以有限的空間，達(dá)到植物改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量的最佳效果。 基于景觀生態(tài)學(xué)理論的支持，保證物種生存所必需的自然棲息環(huán)境，在景區(qū)規(guī)劃的整體格局上秉持大面積生態(tài)功能性斑塊為主的建設(shè)策略，并在保障旅游區(qū)正常周轉(zhuǎn)的前提下，嚴(yán)格控制建筑量和硬質(zhì)交通廊道對環(huán)境的干擾。 應(yīng)用景觀生態(tài)學(xué)中斑塊廊道基質(zhì)模型來分析、改進(jìn)澧水風(fēng)光帶規(guī)劃的景觀效果。通過實地考察和內(nèi)業(yè)分析，將規(guī)劃區(qū)域景觀元素歸納為水域、生態(tài)濕地、沙石灘、綠地、建筑、廣場6大斑塊類型；為研究考察景區(qū)內(nèi)可達(dá)性，，將人行步道、自行車道、車行道、車行道這四類廊道類型；為討論規(guī)劃中的景區(qū)綠化帶生態(tài)質(zhì)量，找出景區(qū)內(nèi)的綠化廊道共9條。分別對斑塊系統(tǒng)、景區(qū)交通廊道系統(tǒng)、綠化廊道系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行要素分析。通過對規(guī)劃數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行景觀格局指數(shù)分析，規(guī)劃的景觀構(gòu)成中規(guī)劃的景觀構(gòu)成中人造景觀僅占1.26%，服務(wù)性人造自然景觀占比30.42%，景觀多樣性指數(shù)為0.4144，景觀破碎度為0.018，景觀均勻度指數(shù)是0.5326，景觀優(yōu)勢度指數(shù)為0.4674，景觀分維度指數(shù)均接近于1.景區(qū)交通廊道的連接性指數(shù)為0.5333；綠化廊道的連接性指數(shù)為0.75。景觀指數(shù)分析結(jié)果表明規(guī)劃后澧水風(fēng)光帶的建設(shè)對濱水景觀生態(tài)格局影響不大，景觀既分布均勻也重點突出，提高了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力，但其中景觀多樣性不高的情況可以通過后期加強水上景觀建設(shè)來改進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of ecology, urban waterfront is the junction zone between water ecosystem and urban terrestrial ecosystem, and is also an ecologically sensitive and fragile area. The traditional rigid waterfront landscape makes the waterfront environment pollution, resource exhaustion and ecological imbalance more and more serious. At home and abroad, it begins to review the planning and design of waterfront landscape ecology according to the principle of sustainable development. Whether it is from anti-natural anthropocentrism to eco-centrism in foreign countries, or from the blind westernization of construction in China to the modern concept of urban river design, which allows nature to do its work, Both points out the ecological trend of new waterfront landscape construction. With a total population of 880000 and a total area of 2107.3 square kilometers, Lixian County, Hunan Province, has a total length of about 21.7km from Yanghukou pumping Station to Zhanggongmiao Bridge in Lishui County, with a total length of 21.7 km. The water body self-purification capacity and ecological benefits of waterfront plants are achieved. The influence of river microclimate regulation on urban environment is great. This paper combines landscape ecology, environmental ecology, plant ecology and other ecological environment theories with project practice to discuss the way of coastal water ecological construction. From the aspects of rational utilization of natural resources, environmental protection and sustainable utilization of resources, the theory of environmental ecology is applied to explore ecological techniques for the prevention and control of air, water and soil pollution or other ecological ways to improve the quality of the environment. Based on the theory of plant ecology, this paper sums up the plant species, ecological allocation and environmental function in the planning, and designs the optimal allocation under the principle of "suitable for the ground and suitable for trees". With limited space, plants to improve the environmental quality of the best effect. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, to ensure the natural habitat necessary for the survival of species, to uphold the construction strategy of large-area ecological functional patches in the overall pattern of scenic area planning, and to ensure the normal turnover of tourist areas under the premise of ensuring the normal turnover of tourist areas. Strict control of the construction volume and rigid traffic corridors to the environment interference. The patch corridor matrix model in landscape ecology was used to analyze and improve the landscape effect of Lishui landscape planning. Through on-the-spot investigation and internal analysis, the landscape elements of the planning area are classified into six types: water area, ecological wetland, sand and stone beach, green land, building and square. In order to study the reachability of the scenic spot, four kinds of corridor types, such as pedestrian walkway, bicycle track and car lane, were selected. In order to discuss the ecological quality of the green zone in the planned scenic spot, nine green corridors in the scenic spot were found out. Separately to patch system, scenic area traffic corridor system, green corridor system carries on the factor analysis. Through the landscape pattern index analysis of the planning data, the artificial landscape accounted for only 1.26% of the planned landscape composition, the service artificial natural landscape accounted for 30.42%, and the landscape diversity index was 0.4144 4. The landscape fragmentation index is 0.018, the landscape evenness index is 0.5326, the landscape dominance index is 0.4674, and the landscape fractal dimension index is close to 1. 1. The connectivity index of traffic corridor is 0.533 3, and the connectivity index of green corridor is 0.75. The result of landscape index analysis shows that the construction of Lishui wind belt has little influence on the ecological pattern of waterfront landscape after planning, the landscape distribution is uniform and the emphasis is prominent, and the anti-interference ability of ecosystem is improved. But the landscape diversity is not high, which can be improved by strengthening the water landscape construction in the later period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.18;P901

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李淑玲;;濱水植物景觀的營造探析——以荊門市鳳凰湖濱水公園為例[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2011年13期

2 魏華;成水平;吳振斌;;水文特征對水生植物的影響[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2010年07期

3 趙華;龐曉麗;張超;;城市水系的生態(tài)堤岸設(shè)計[J];北京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2010年02期

4 周道瑛,王雁,蘇雪痕;完善北京城市隔離片林種植結(jié)構(gòu)的研究[J];北京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1998年04期

5 曾珊琪,劉春燕,王文中,丁毅;塑木材料發(fā)展前景的探討[J];包裝工程;2005年04期

6 孫鵬,王志芳;遵從自然過程的城市河流和濱水區(qū)景觀設(shè)計[J];城市規(guī)劃;2000年09期

7 王建國,呂志鵬;世界城市濱水區(qū)開發(fā)建設(shè)的歷史進(jìn)程及其經(jīng)驗[J];城市規(guī)劃;2001年07期

8 畢凌嵐,黃光宇;對現(xiàn)行城市土地利用規(guī)劃的生態(tài)反思[J];城市規(guī)劃匯刊;2003年05期

9 謝嬌;鮑建國;易振輝;;人工濕地植物特性的研究及植物配置分析[J];化學(xué)工程與裝備;2011年04期

10 齊恒,藍(lán)萬煉;湖南澧水流域城鎮(zhèn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展與優(yōu)化布局[J];湖南社會科學(xué);2001年04期

本文編號：2468990