【摘要】：鋼渣是煉鋼過程中的副產(chǎn)品，其排放量約為鋼產(chǎn)量的10~15%，大量鋼渣的堆放和閑置不僅占用大量的耕地，而且鋼渣中所含有的重金屬離子和堿金屬離子還會(huì)滲入土壤中，造成地下水污染。因而開展鋼渣綜合利用的研究是一個(gè)非常有意義的課題。 鋼渣中含C3S、C2S等具有水硬性的組分，因而鋼渣具有一定的活性，是一種潛在的混凝土的礦物摻合料。本文主要針對(duì)鋼渣的安定性問題和含鋼渣的復(fù)合膠凝材料配制的混凝土的力學(xué)性能及耐久性開展了研究，得出了以下結(jié)論： （1）不同鋼渣的安定性有較大的差異，鋼渣的安定性與其游離氧化鈣的含量之間有密切的聯(lián)系。游離氧化鈣在壓蒸條件下和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù)條件下反應(yīng)所生成的Ca(OH)2均與水泥水化生成的Ca(OH)2有所差異，游離氧化鈣生成的Ca(OH)2具有更大的比表面積或體積，容易引發(fā)混凝土的膨脹。鋼渣的安定性不良是否會(huì)引發(fā)混凝土微結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞取決于多個(gè)因素，包括：鋼渣中游離氧化鈣的含量、鋼渣占膠凝材料總量的比例、混凝土的強(qiáng)度等級(jí)等。 （2）在保持水膠比不變的條件下，隨著鋼渣摻量增大，混凝土的很多性能降低；水膠比較低時(shí)，鋼渣對(duì)混凝土性能的不利影響的程度相對(duì)較小。在28d抗壓強(qiáng)度基本相同的情況下，鋼渣混凝土的早期強(qiáng)度低于純水泥混凝土，但后期強(qiáng)度略高于純水泥混凝土；鋼渣混凝土的滲透性、干燥收縮性能及抗碳化性能與純水泥混凝土相差不大。 （3）當(dāng)鋼渣與礦渣的比例為3:7時(shí)，鋼鐵渣粉混凝土的流動(dòng)性、強(qiáng)度、彈性模量與礦渣混凝土相近，鋼鐵渣粉混凝土比礦渣混凝土的絕熱溫升低、自生收縮和干燥收縮小、抗凍性好。當(dāng)鋼渣與礦渣的比例為4:6時(shí)，，鋼鐵渣粉混凝土的早期強(qiáng)度和28d強(qiáng)度低于礦渣混凝土。 （4）在鋼渣中摻入少量的硅灰即可以顯著提高鋼渣的性能（強(qiáng)度和抗氯離子滲透性）。當(dāng)硅灰的含量達(dá)到15%時(shí)，鋼渣-硅灰復(fù)合礦物摻合料的性能可以接近或超過礦渣。鋼渣 超細(xì)粉煤灰復(fù)合礦物摻合料對(duì)混凝土強(qiáng)度的影響與礦渣接近，盡管降低混凝土28d滲透性的作用不及礦渣，但對(duì)混凝土90d滲透性的影響與礦渣接近。
[Abstract]:Steel slag is a by-product of the steelmaking process, and its discharge is about 10% of the steel output. The stacking and idle use of a large amount of steel slag not only occupies a large amount of farmland, but also contains heavy metal ions and alkali metal ions in the steel slag, which will also infiltrate into the soil. Cause groundwater pollution. Therefore, the research on the comprehensive utilization of steel slag is a very meaningful subject. Steel slag contains C _ 3s, C _ 2S and other hydraulic components, so steel slag has certain activity and is a potential mineral admixture of concrete. In this paper, the stability of steel slag and the mechanical properties and durability of concrete made of composite cementitious material containing steel slag are studied. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) the stability of different steel slag is different greatly, and the mechanical properties and durability of concrete made of composite cementitious material containing steel slag are different. There is a close relationship between the stability of steel slag and the content of free calcium oxide. The Ca (OH)-2 produced by the reaction of free calcium oxide under autoclave and standard curing conditions is different from that of Ca (OH)-2 formed by hydration of cement. The Ca (OH)-2 produced by free calcium oxide has a larger specific surface area or volume. It is easy to cause the expansion of concrete. The failure of steel slag to cause the failure of concrete microstructure depends on many factors, such as the content of free calcium oxide in steel slag, the ratio of steel slag to total cementitious material, the strength grade of concrete and so on. (2) under the condition of keeping the ratio of water to binder constant, the performance of concrete decreases with the increase of steel slag content, and the degree of adverse effect of steel slag on concrete performance is relatively small when the ratio of water to binder is low. Under the same compressive strength of 28 days, the early strength of steel slag concrete is lower than that of pure cement concrete, but the later strength of steel slag concrete is slightly higher than that of pure cement concrete. The permeability, drying shrinkage and carbonation resistance of steel slag concrete are similar to those of pure cement concrete. (3) when the ratio of steel slag to slag is 3: 7, the fluidity, strength and elastic modulus of steel slag powder concrete are similar to that of slag concrete, and the adiabatic temperature rise of steel slag powder concrete is lower than that of slag concrete, and the autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage are reduced. The freezing resistance is good. When the ratio of steel slag to slag is 4: 6, the early strength and 28 d strength of steel slag powder concrete are lower than that of slag concrete. (4) adding a small amount of silica fume into steel slag can significantly improve the performance (strength and resistance to chloride ion penetration) of steel slag. When the content of silica fume is up to 15%, the properties of steel slag-silica fume composite mineral admixture can be close to or higher than that of slag. The effect of steel slag / ultra-fine fly ash composite mineral admixture on the strength of concrete is close to that of slag. Although the effect of reducing the permeability of concrete for 28 days is less than that of slag, the effect on the permeability of concrete for 90 days is similar to that of slag.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU528

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