明長城甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系及其空間分析研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-16 11:06
【摘要】：明長城作為珍貴的世界文化遺產(chǎn)，，是軍事管理層面的九邊重鎮(zhèn)與層級組織結構和物質(zhì)實體層面的各級防御聚落與工程設施，是具有嚴密的層次性、整體性、系統(tǒng)性的軍事防御體系。以往關于甘肅鎮(zhèn)的研究主要集中在文物調(diào)查和歷史地理等學科方面，多關注某一地區(qū)、某一類型的防御設施的研究，缺乏對甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系整體性和多學科的綜合研究。 本文以明長城甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系為研究對象，從建筑學的角度，并結合考古學、歷史學、社會學等理論，通過文獻查閱和實地調(diào)研，首先在梳理明“九邊”軍事制度發(fā)展演變的基礎上，研究了甘肅鎮(zhèn)的建置沿革、軍事地位、鎮(zhèn)城演變、防守范圍等問題；其次，運用系統(tǒng)論中“整體性、層次性、結構功能性、環(huán)境相關性”的思想觀點，對甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系的外部環(huán)境、構成要素、聚落層級及整體結構進行逐一分析；再次，通過聚落考古學中的空間分析方法和GIS工具，對于甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系中的長城本體、軍事聚落、烽傳系統(tǒng)、驛傳（交通）系統(tǒng)的外部環(huán)境進行研究；最后引入可達域概念，并利用各種不同表現(xiàn)形式、特征及作用的可達域，分別對甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系構成要素之中的軍事聚落、驛站、烽燧、敵臺的空間分布進行分析。 論文的創(chuàng)新之處主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾點：厘清明長城甘肅鎮(zhèn)防御體系歷史發(fā)展脈絡；首次從整體角度對明西寧衛(wèi)長城及軍事聚落進行研究；通過繪制軍堡空間分布圖，揭示甘肅鎮(zhèn)軍事聚落整體結構特征；提出長城防御體系空間分析的新方法——可達域分析，為長城研究提供一種新的方法與視角。
[Abstract]:As a precious cultural heritage of the world, the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty is the defense settlement and engineering facilities at all levels of the Nine Border towns and the level of organizational structure and material entity in the military management level. It has a tight hierarchy and integrity. A systematic system of military defence Previous studies on Gansu Town mainly focused on the investigation of cultural relics and historical geography, and paid more attention to the study of a certain area and a certain type of defense facilities, lacking of a comprehensive study on the integrity and multi-disciplinary study of the defense system of Gansu Town. This paper takes the defense system of Gansu Town of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty as the research object, from the angle of architecture, combining with the theories of archaeology, history, sociology, etc., through literature review and field investigation. First of all, on the basis of combing the development and evolution of the "Nine sides" military system in Ming Dynasty, this paper studies the establishment and evolution of Gansu Town, the military status, the evolvement of the Town City, and the defensive scope. Secondly, using the system theory of "integrity, hierarchy, structural functionality, environmental relevance", the external environment, components, settlement levels and overall structure of the defense system of Gansu Town are analyzed one by one. Thirdly, through the spatial analysis method and GIS tools in settlement archaeology, the external environment of the Great Wall Noumenon, the military settlement, the beacons system and the post transmission system in the defense system of Gansu Town are studied. Finally, the concept of reachability region is introduced, and the spatial distribution of military settlement, post station, beacon and enemy station among the elements of Gansu town defense system is analyzed by using various forms, characteristics and functions of reachability domain. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: clarifying the historical development of the town defense system in Gansu Province of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, studying the Great Wall and the military settlement of the Great Wall of Ming Xining from the whole angle for the first time; By drawing the spatial distribution map of military fortress, the whole structure characteristics of military settlements in Gansu Town are revealed, and a new method of spatial analysis of Great Wall defense system, the reachability analysis, is put forward, which provides a new method and perspective for the study of Great Wall.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.2;TU29
本文編號：2424380
[Abstract]:As a precious cultural heritage of the world, the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty is the defense settlement and engineering facilities at all levels of the Nine Border towns and the level of organizational structure and material entity in the military management level. It has a tight hierarchy and integrity. A systematic system of military defence Previous studies on Gansu Town mainly focused on the investigation of cultural relics and historical geography, and paid more attention to the study of a certain area and a certain type of defense facilities, lacking of a comprehensive study on the integrity and multi-disciplinary study of the defense system of Gansu Town. This paper takes the defense system of Gansu Town of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty as the research object, from the angle of architecture, combining with the theories of archaeology, history, sociology, etc., through literature review and field investigation. First of all, on the basis of combing the development and evolution of the "Nine sides" military system in Ming Dynasty, this paper studies the establishment and evolution of Gansu Town, the military status, the evolvement of the Town City, and the defensive scope. Secondly, using the system theory of "integrity, hierarchy, structural functionality, environmental relevance", the external environment, components, settlement levels and overall structure of the defense system of Gansu Town are analyzed one by one. Thirdly, through the spatial analysis method and GIS tools in settlement archaeology, the external environment of the Great Wall Noumenon, the military settlement, the beacons system and the post transmission system in the defense system of Gansu Town are studied. Finally, the concept of reachability region is introduced, and the spatial distribution of military settlement, post station, beacon and enemy station among the elements of Gansu town defense system is analyzed by using various forms, characteristics and functions of reachability domain. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: clarifying the historical development of the town defense system in Gansu Province of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, studying the Great Wall and the military settlement of the Great Wall of Ming Xining from the whole angle for the first time; By drawing the spatial distribution map of military fortress, the whole structure characteristics of military settlements in Gansu Town are revealed, and a new method of spatial analysis of Great Wall defense system, the reachability analysis, is put forward, which provides a new method and perspective for the study of Great Wall.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.2;TU29
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