【摘要】：近代時(shí)期（1840-1949），陜北以其獨(dú)特的地理環(huán)境、資源條件、歷史文化及后期戰(zhàn)時(shí)紅色革命根據(jù)地的特定背景，形成了一批類型豐富、特征顯著的陜北近代建筑。這些建筑，基于多層次生態(tài)過渡區(qū)，農(nóng)耕為主，游牧為輔；形成于黃土高原中心地帶，以傳承中原文化為主，異域文化為輔，并與近代傳入的西方文化相互融合，后又受到戰(zhàn)時(shí)根據(jù)地影響。在特殊的地理、文化及歷史影響下，形成并演變的陜北近代建筑，具有特殊的歷史價(jià)值和重要的研究意義。 論文針對(duì)陜北近代建筑的特殊價(jià)值，突破了按建筑類型進(jìn)行分類研究的單一化研究集成方法，采用了以兼并歷史文化基線的研究方案和技術(shù)路線。 論文主要研究工作和成果如下： 論文首先對(duì)陜北近代建筑發(fā)展與演變歷程進(jìn)行了分析，梳理了其歷史文化發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，提出了陜北近代建筑文化由“西方化導(dǎo)入”、“民間化漸變”、“紅色化探索”等時(shí)空元素主導(dǎo)和交融的發(fā)展演變歷程。其次，基于陜北近代建筑發(fā)展演變歷程，分別對(duì)這三個(gè)時(shí)期的近代建筑進(jìn)行了分類研究，針對(duì)性的對(duì)建筑的空間分布、典型實(shí)例、建筑特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)及分析，并對(duì)關(guān)鍵建筑實(shí)體進(jìn)行了測(cè)繪。再次，在作者及其組隊(duì)長期實(shí)地調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)陜北近代建筑從建筑風(fēng)格、建筑空間形態(tài)、建筑造型特征以及建筑技術(shù)特征等四方面進(jìn)行了研究，總結(jié)出陜北近代建筑的特征。最后，對(duì)陜北近代建筑形態(tài)的演變路徑、演變特征及其動(dòng)因進(jìn)行分析，全面系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)知陜北近代建筑的形態(tài)及演變。 通過對(duì)陜北近代建筑發(fā)展的研究，論文確定了陜北建筑在近代時(shí)期的“基本模型”：在建筑形態(tài)中的“四種風(fēng)格”和“五種空間模式”，在建筑造型中的“折中”設(shè)計(jì)手法，在建筑技術(shù)的“本土”和“先進(jìn)”共存，總結(jié)陜北近代建筑特征的基因庫。 論文提出了陜北近代建筑在演變過程中，表現(xiàn)出一種“多元化”的演變特征，演變路徑是多鏈條的，即西方化導(dǎo)入、民間化漸變及紅色化探索的三條線索，為探索中國近代時(shí)期，典型本土化的紅色革命根據(jù)地建筑的發(fā)展、演變提供了研究思路。
[Abstract]:In the modern period (1840-1949), with its unique geographical environment, resource conditions, historical culture and the special background of the red revolutionary base area in the later period of war, North Shaanxi formed a group of modern architecture with rich types and remarkable characteristics. These buildings, based on multi-level ecological transition areas, mainly farming, supplemented by nomadic; Formed in the heart of the Loess Plateau, the central plain culture is mainly inherited, supplemented by foreign culture, and merged with the western culture introduced in modern times, and then influenced by the wartime base area. Under the influence of special geography, culture and history, the formation and evolution of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi has special historical value and important research significance. In view of the special value of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi, the paper breaks through the integration method of single research on the classification of architecture, and adopts the research scheme and technical route of merging historical and cultural baselines. The main research work and achievements are as follows: firstly, the paper analyzes the development and evolution of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi, combs its historical and cultural development, and puts forward the introduction of modern architectural culture in Northern Shaanxi from "westernization". The development and evolution of space-time elements such as "gradual change of folk", "exploration of red" and other space-time elements. Secondly, based on the development and evolution of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi, the classification of modern architecture in these three periods is carried out, and the spatial distribution, typical examples and characteristics of architecture are analyzed and analyzed. The key building entities are mapped and mapped. Thirdly, on the basis of long-term field investigation by the author and his team, four aspects of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi are studied, such as architectural style, architectural space form, architectural modeling characteristics and architectural technical characteristics. Summed up the characteristics of modern architecture in northern Shaanxi. Finally, the evolution path, characteristics and causes of modern architectural form in Northern Shaanxi are analyzed, and a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the shape and evolution of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi is given. Through the research on the development of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi, the paper determines the "basic model" of the architecture in modern times: the "four styles" and "five space modes" in the architectural form, and the "eclectic" design technique in the architectural modeling. In the coexistence of "native" and "advanced" in architectural technology, the gene pool of modern architectural characteristics in Northern Shaanxi is summarized. In the process of evolution of modern architecture in Northern Shaanxi, the paper puts forward a kind of "pluralistic" evolution characteristic. The evolution path is multi-chain, that is, three clues of westernization introduction, folk gradual change and red exploration. In order to explore the development and evolution of the typical local red revolutionary base buildings in modern China, this paper provides a research idea.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU-092

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