【摘要】：風(fēng)災(zāi)造成的損失是各種自然災(zāi)害中最大的,同時(shí)風(fēng)能作為可再生資源,可在樓層壁面高處設(shè)置貫穿開洞以安置風(fēng)能發(fā)電機(jī)為高層建筑提供能源支持,成綠色節(jié)能建筑。壁面局部貫穿開洞增加了高層建筑物風(fēng)場特性的復(fù)雜程度,風(fēng)荷載作為高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)一種控制性水平荷載,實(shí)際工程對受壁面局部貫穿開洞影響的高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)抗風(fēng)性能研究的需求提高。鑒于工程抗風(fēng)實(shí)際需要,本文首先建立4組縮尺比為1：300的不同壁面貫穿開洞方式(短邊側(cè)面,長邊側(cè)面和兩側(cè)面貫穿開洞模型)的剛性模型,采用風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)方法模擬在國家荷荷載(GB5009-2012)規(guī)定的B類地貌條件的風(fēng)場特性；其次建立全尺寸數(shù)值剛性壁面模型,運(yùn)用大渦模型(LES)開展模擬試驗(yàn),并對不同洞口寬度(洞口與壁面寬度比K/L為20%,30%,40%)的高層建筑風(fēng)場特性展開討論。本文共設(shè)置7組不同工況對壁面局部貫穿開洞高層建筑物模型的風(fēng)場特性展開研究。主要開展以下研究：1、高層建筑不同壁面貫穿開洞方式對風(fēng)壓系數(shù)的影響；2、不同壁面貫穿開洞方式對高層建筑周邊流場特性的影響；3、不同壁面貫穿開洞方式對洞口內(nèi)風(fēng)速發(fā)展的影響；4、壁面局部貫穿開洞對高層建筑的影響范圍；5、不同洞口寬度對高層建筑物風(fēng)場特性的影響。通過對比分析,得出以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論：1、采用的數(shù)值模擬方法有效模擬高層建筑壁面局部貫穿開洞的風(fēng)場特性。2、壁面貫穿洞口中線(F截面)的風(fēng)壓系數(shù),在單側(cè)開洞模型迎風(fēng)面受貫穿開洞影響的區(qū)域大小接近洞口本身的大��；兩側(cè)開洞模型的洞口周邊兩側(cè)的風(fēng)壓系數(shù)呈現(xiàn)與單側(cè)相似的發(fā)展趨勢,但風(fēng)壓系數(shù)的影響幅度要小于相同測點(diǎn)的單側(cè)局部貫穿開洞模型。相比風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)迎風(fēng)面,數(shù)值模擬獲得風(fēng)壓系數(shù)兩邊受影響更明顯,呈現(xiàn)更大的不規(guī)律性,尤其是兩側(cè)壁面局部開洞模型兩邊受呈現(xiàn)更大的不規(guī)律性。4組壁面局部貫穿開洞模型在另外兩側(cè)與風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)值相似(除洞口外),其值波動(dòng)較小,并且模擬值的絕對值要大于實(shí)驗(yàn)值。工況4(風(fēng)向角45度)下影響程度最大,為最不利工況。3、F截面測點(diǎn)的風(fēng)壓系數(shù)Cpi最大值受影響不明顯,但Cpi最小值影響較大,兩側(cè)壁面局部貫穿開洞模型的測點(diǎn)受到影響幅度介于單側(cè)壁面局部貫穿開洞之間；4、洞口內(nèi)的風(fēng)速要明顯高于同一高度處風(fēng)速亦高于在屋頂處風(fēng)速值,達(dá)到了1.5-1.8倍；5、各工況下,不同洞口寬度的數(shù)值模型與來流方向成較小交叉角度主要呈現(xiàn)先遞增、趨于穩(wěn)定后遞減的發(fā)展趨勢,不同洞口寬度數(shù)值模型的F截面出口范圍內(nèi),以數(shù)值模型M6(K/L=40%)減幅最大,M3(K/L=30%)最小。
[Abstract]:The damage caused by wind disaster is the biggest among all kinds of natural disasters, and wind energy, as a renewable resource, can be set up through holes in the wall of the floor to provide energy support for high-rise buildings and become a green energy-saving building. The complexity of wind field characteristics of high-rise building is increased by local perforation of wall. Wind load is regarded as a kind of controlled horizontal load for high-rise building structure. The research on the wind resistance of high-rise building structures affected by the local perforating holes on the wall is required in practical engineering. In view of the actual need of engineering wind resistance, this paper first establishes four groups of rigid models of different wall perforation modes (short side, long side and two side piercing model) with a scale ratio of 1: 300. Wind tunnel test method is used to simulate the wind field characteristics of class B geomorphological conditions under national load (GB5009-2012). Secondly, the full-scale numerical rigid wall model is established and the wind field characteristics of high-rise buildings with different orifice widths (K / L = 20 / 40%) are discussed by using large eddy model (LES). In this paper, seven groups of wind field characteristics of the wall local perforated high-rise building model are studied under different working conditions. The main research work is as follows: 1, the influence of different wall perforation ways on wind pressure coefficient of high-rise buildings, 2, the influence of different wall perforation modes on the characteristics of flow field around high-rise buildings; 3, the influence of different wall perforation modes on the wind velocity development in the hole; 4, the influence range of the wall local perforation on the high-rise building; 5, the influence of the different opening width on the wind field characteristics of the high-rise building. By comparison and analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The numerical simulation method is used to simulate the wind field characteristics of the wall of high-rise building. 2, the wind pressure coefficient of the middle line (F section) of the wall through the opening of the hole. The size of the region affected by the piercing hole on the upwind surface of the unilateral opening model is close to the size of the opening itself. The wind pressure coefficient of both sides of the tunnel opening model is similar to that of one side, but the influence range of the wind pressure coefficient is smaller than that of the single side local perforation model with the same measuring point. Compared with the upwind surface of wind tunnel test, the two sides of the wind pressure coefficient obtained by numerical simulation are affected more obviously and show greater irregularity. In particular, there is a greater irregularity on both sides of the local hole opening model on both sides of the wall. On the other side of the model, the local perforation model is similar to the wind tunnel test value (except for the hole opening), and the fluctuation of the value is relatively small. And the absolute value of the simulated value is larger than the experimental value. Under condition 4 (wind direction angle 45 degrees), the influence degree is the biggest, which is the most unfavorable condition. The maximum value of wind pressure coefficient (Cpi) at the measurement point of 3F section is not affected obviously, but the minimum value of Cpi has a great influence on it. The influence of local penetration on both sides of the wall is between one side and one side. (4) the wind speed in the hole is obviously higher than that at the same height and also higher than that at the roof, reaching 1.5-1.8 times; 5. Under different working conditions, the numerical model with different orifice width and the direction of the inlet flow show a small cross angle which increases first, tends to stabilize and then decreases, and in the range of the F-section exit of the numerical model of different orifice width, The numerical model M6 (K / L 40%) has the largest decrease, and M 3 (K / L 30%) is the smallest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU973.213

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2379847